Gene expression data from rhesus macaque postnatal testis development
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens Macaca mulatta
PROVIDER: GSE73636 | GEO | 2019/04/01
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:In development, timing is of the utmost importance, and the timing of various developmental processes are often changed during evolution. During human evolution sexual maturation has been delayed relative to other primates and this may have played a critical role for both the increase of human brain size and the rise of human-specific cognitive traits . We measured the timing of gene expression changes in the brains of humans, chimpanzees, and rhesus macaques throughout postnatal development.
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Project description:In development, timing is of the utmost importance, and the timing of various developmental processes are often changed during evolution. During human evolution sexual maturation has been delayed relative to other primates and this may have played a critical role for both the increase of human brain size and the rise of human-specific cognitive traits . We measured the timing of gene expression changes in the brains of humans, chimpanzees, and rhesus macaques throughout postnatal development. Human, chimpanzee and rhesus macaque post-mortem brain samples from the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex region were collected. The caudate nucleus region was additionally sampled for humans. The age ranges of the individuals in all three species covered the respective species' postnatal maturation period from infancy to young adulthood. RNA extracted from the dissected tissue was hybridized to Affymetrix® U133-plus2.0 GeneChip® arrays.
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Project description:In development, timing is of the utmost importance, and the timing of various developmental processes are often changed during evolution. During human evolution sexual maturation has been delayed relative to other primates and this may have played a critical role for both the increase of human brain size and the rise of human-specific cognitive traits . We measured the timing of gene expression changes in the superior frontal gyrus region of the brains of humans, chimpanzees, and rhesus macaques throughout postnatal development. Keywords: Age series Human, chimpanzee and rhesus macaque post-mortem brain samples from the superior frontal gyrus region of the prefrontal cortex were collected. The age ranges of the individuals in all three species covered the respective species' postnatal maturation period from infancy to adulthood. RNA extracted from the dissected tissue was hybridized to Affymetrix® Human Gene 1.0 ST arrays.
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Project description:Gene expression changes determine functional differentiation during development and are associated with functional decline during aging. While developmental changes are tightly regulated, regulation of aging changes is not well established. To assess the regulatory basis of age-related changes and investigate the mechanism of regulatory transition between development and aging, we measured mRNA and microRNA expression patterns in brains of humans and rhesus macaques over the entire species’ lifespan. We find that in both species, developmental and aging changes overlap in the course of lifetime with many changes found at the late age initiating in early childhood. Keywords: miRNA Age Series Keywords: Non-coding RNA profiling by high throughput sequencing
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Project description:Small RNA including microRNA (miRNA) and Piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA) play important roles in germline maintenance and maturation in wide variety of species. Relatively little however is known about role played by miRNA in male germline maturation in humans and closely related primate species. Here we focused on rhesus macaques as a model species closely related to humans to study small RNA expression in testis samples throughout postnatal development and maturation. We observe clear transition in miRNA and piRNA expression resulting in the overall increase of piRNA expression levels and corresponding decrease in miRNA expression. Unexpectedly, this transition takes place at approximately one year of age – far earlier then rhesus macaque sexual maturation occurring at 4-5 years of age. Notably, contradictory to the overall trend of expression decline, a group of 29 miRNA showed marked expression increase in macaque testis at approximately five years of age – the time interval associated with sexual maturation. Keywords: miRNA piRNA Age Series
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