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Does broodstock nutritional history affect the response of progeny to different first-feeding diets? A whole-body transcriptomic study of rainbow trout alevins

ABSTRACT: The whole-body transcriptome of trout alevins was characterized to investigate the effects of long-term feeding of rainbow trout broodstock females a diet free of fishmeal (FM) and fish oil (FO) on the metabolic capacities of progeny. Effects were studied before first feeding and after 3 weeks of feeding with diets containing different proportions of marine and plant ingredients. We showed that that maternal diet history did not significantly affect expression of any gene before the first feeding. We found an effect of maternal nutritional history on gene expression in alevins after 3 weeks of feeding. The major differences in the transcriptome of alevins from VEG-fed females compared to those from COM-fed females were: (i) a down-regulation of genes involved in muscle growth/contraction and (ii) a higher level of expression of genes involved in carbohydrate and energy metabolism related to the delay in growth/ development observed with plant-based diets. Our findings also showed an effect of the first-feeding diets, irrespective of maternal nutritional history. Specifically, the introduction of plant ingredients resulted in up-regulation of genes involved in AA/protein and cholesterol metabolism and in differences in the expression of genes related to carbohydrate metabolism.

ORGANISM(S): Oncorhynchus mykiss

PROVIDER: GSE74271 | GEO | 2016/10/03

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA299607

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Sustainable aquaculture, which entails proportional replacement of fish-based feed sources by plant-based ingredients, is impeded by the poor growth response frequently seen in fish fed high levels of plant ingredients. To evaluate the potential to improve, by means of early nutritional exposure, the growth of fish fed plant-based feed, rainbow trout swim-up fry were fed for 3 weeks either a plant-based diet (diet V, V-fish) or a diet containing fishmeal and fish oil as protein and fat source (diet M, M-fish). After this 3-week nutritional history period, all V- or M-fish received diet M for a 7-month intermediate growth phase. Both groups were then challenged by feeding diet V for 25 days during which voluntary feed intake, growth, and nutrient utilization were monitored (V-challenge). The results of the V-challenge showed a higher growth rate and higher feed intake in fish of nutritional history V compared to M (see PMID:24386155). To identify the molecular mechanisms that govern the enhancement of feed acceptance following early-feed exposure of diet V, we performed microarray expression analysis using swim-up fry collected at the end of early-feeding exposure (diet M and diet V), as well as brain and liver of juveniles sampled at the end of the V-challenge (M-his and V-his), and employing a rainbow trout microarray platform with 8 X 60K probes per slide. Persistently differentially expressed genes were identified by isolating probes that were differentially expressed (fold change ≥ 1.5 and p {nutritional history} ≤ 0.05), both at the end of the early exposure, and in either brain or liver of juvenile trout at the end of the V-challenge. Overall, 1787 (3-week + Brain) and 924 (3-week + Liver) mRNA probes were found to be persistently affected by nutritional history of early-feeding exposure. This positive response is encouraging as a potential strategy to improve the use of plant-based feed in fish, of interest in the field of fish farming and animal nutrition in general. Furthermore, the genes associated with mediating this positive early feeding effect, could serve as potential biomarkers to evaluate increasing acceptability of plant-based diets in fish farming.

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Does broodstock nutritional history affect the response of progeny to different first-feeding diets? A whole-body transcriptomic study of rainbow trout alevins

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