Expression data from catalase stably transfected A375 human melanoma cells
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE74611 | GEO | 2018/10/29
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common type of chronic liver disease. NAFLD is associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular diseases, and characterized by excessive accumulation of triglycerides in the form of lipid droplets. Liver injury in NAFLD through inflammation and oxidative stress ultimately leads to development of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and liver cancer. Recently it has been reported that catalase, a major peroxisomal antioxidant, plays a protective role in high-fat diet-induced liver injury. In this study, we further investigated the role of catalase in development of liver disease using transcriptome analysis. Catalase knockout and wild type mice were fed either normal chow or high-fat diet and the gene expression profiles in the liver were compared.
2017-12-18 | GSE108169 | GEO
Project description:Fruit ripening is a very important physiological process which gains relevance in crop species due to their economical and nutritional repercussions. During fruit ripening enormous metabolic changes occur in a genetically-controlled scenario affecting the physiology of most cell compartments. Peroxisomes are single-membrane bounded organelles present in all eukaryotes which display a noteworthy nitro-oxidative metabolism, and harbor catalase as one of the major antioxidant enzymes in cells. Quantitative proteomics analysis by isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) was used to investigate the ripening process in sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) fruits. Out of 2,574 quantified proteins, 692 were found to be significantly more abundant in immature green fruits compared to red ones, but 497 showed a lower expression as the ripening proceeded. Overall, about 50% of the detectable proteins were estimated to modify their expression due to the ripening process. Data obtained from the Gene Ontology algorithms (AgriGO platform) showed that from all the identified proteins, 46 (2%) were only predicted to have a peroxisomal origin, with a high number of them displaying up-expression tendency during ripening. Catalase was framed within the group which showed lower expression in ripe fruits, but this enzyme was also susceptible to undergo posttranslational modifications (PTMs) promoted by reactive nitrogen and oxygen species (RNS and ROS) through nitration, S-nitrosylation and oxidation events which provoked its inhibition. The biochemical characterization of catalase indicates that it has atypical native molecular mass (125-135 kDa), since it behaves as a homodimer, and isoelectric point of 7.4, which is higher than that of the majority of plant catalases reported so far. Taking together, these data suggest that ROS and RNS could be essential to modulate the role of catalase for the maintenance of basic cellular peroxisomal functions during pepper fruit ripening where nitro-oxidative stress occur.
2022-05-19 | PXD010457 | Pride
Project description:Study the global genes expression in mouse aorta endothelial cells (MAECs) overexpressing human catalase (hcatTg).
2011-03-08 | GSE27701 | GEO
Project description:Study the global genes expression in mouse aorta endothelial cells (MAECs) overexpressing human catalase (hcatTg). The wild type and overexpressing human catalase (hcatTg) MAECs grown to 80% confluence in six-well plates were made quiescent in serum-free DMEM for 12 h and then cultured in 10% FBS DMEM for 12 h. Total RNA was extracted with Trizol® reagent and purified by Rneasy Mini kit. Two independent wild type and two hcatTg total RNA samples were performed microarray with GeneChip® Mouse gene 1.0 ST array (Affymetrix, USA).
2011-03-08 | E-GEOD-27701 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:In plants, reactive oxygen species and, more particularly, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) play a dual role as toxic by-products of normal cell metabolism and as regulatory molecules in stress perception and signal transduction. Peroxisomal catalases are an important sink for photorespiratory H2O2. Using ATH1 Affymetrix microarrays, expression profiles were compared between control and catalase-deficient Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants. Reduced catalase levels already provoked differences in nuclear gene expression under ambient growth conditions, and these effects were amplified by high light exposure in a sun simulator for 3 and 8 h. This genome-wide expression analysis allowed us to reveal the expression characteristics of complete pathways and functional categories during H2O2 stress. In total, 349 transcripts were significantly up-regulated by high light in catalase-deficient plants and 88 were down-regulated. From this data set, H2O2 was inferred to play a key role in the transcriptional up-regulation of small heat shock proteins during high light stress. In addition, several transcription factors and candidate regulatory genes involved in H2O2 transcriptional gene networks were identified. Comparisons with other publicly available transcriptome data sets of abiotically stressed Arabidopsis revealed an important intersection with H2O2-deregulated genes, positioning elevated H2O2 levels as an important signal within abiotic stress-induced gene expression. Finally, analysis of transcriptional changes in a combination of a genetic (catalase deficiency) and an environmental (high light) perturbation identified a transcriptional cluster that was strongly and rapidly induced by high light in control plants, but impaired in catalase-deficient plants. This cluster comprises the complete known anthocyanin regulatory and biosynthetic pathway, together with genes of hitherto unknown function.
2005-10-11 | E-MEXP-449 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:BRAF(V600E) mutant melanomas treated with inhibitors of the BRAF and MEK kinases almost invariably develop resistance, which is frequently caused by reactivation of the Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) pathway. To identify novel treatment options for such patients, we searched for acquired vulnerabilities of MAPK inhibitor-resistant melanomas. We find that resistance to BRAF+MEK inhibitors is associated with increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Subsequent treatment with the histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) vorinostat represses SLC7A11 that leads to a lethal increase in the already elevated levels of ROS in drug-resistant cells, thereby causing selective apoptotic death of only the drug resistant tumor cells. Consistently, treatment of BRAF inhibitor-resistant melanoma with HDACi in mice results in a dramatic tumor regression. In a study in patients with advanced BRAF+MEK inhibitor resistant melanoma, we find that HDACi can selectively ablate drug-resistant tumor cells, providing clinical proof of concept for the novel therapy identified here.
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Project description:Mass spectrometry-based proteomics comparison between amelanotic and pigmented melanoma cells for new biomarkers discovery.
2023-02-14 | PXD033192 | Pride
Project description:Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are key signalling molecules that regulate growth and development and coordinate responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. ROS homeostasis is controlled through a complex network of ROS production and scavenging enzymes. Recently, the first genes involved in ROS perception and signal transduction have been identified and, currently, we are facing the challenge to uncover the other players within the ROS regulatory gene network. The specificity of ensuing cellular responses depends on the type of ROS and their subcellular production sites. Various experimental systems, including catalase-deficient plants, in combination with genome-wide expression studies demonstrated that increased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels significantly affect the transcriptome of plants and are capable of launching both defence responses and cell death events. We used microarrays to assess differential gene expression provoked by H2O2 from plastid or peroxisomal origin, respectively. Columbia-0 (Col-0, wild type), catalase-deficient Salk plants (10-15% of wild-type catalase activity; cat2-2; N576998; (Queval et al., 2007)) and A. thaliana plants expressing glycolate oxidase in chloroplasts (GO5 plants; (Fahnenstich et al., 2008)) were grown in soil under a 16h light/8h dark regime at photosynthetically active photon flux densities (PPFD) of 75 µmol quanta m-2 s-1 at 22°C day/18°C night temperatures and a CO2 concentration of 3,000 ppm. After three weeks of growth, plants were transferred to ambient CO2 concentration (380 ppm) and the same PPFD. Whole rosettes were harvested at 0h and 8h after transfer. Control samples were harvested at 8 h from plants continuously maintained in high CO2.
2014-09-30 | E-GEOD-54534 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Alizarin Red (AZ) is an anthraquinone dye that is commonly used in histological studies and textiles. Exposure to AZ results in morphological perturbations in several species, including rats, frogs, and dogs; however, the mechanisms by which AZ has these effects is largely unexplored, and little is known about its effect on development. We have previously shown that AZ is teratogenic to sea urchin larvae, and that AZ was the only calcium-binding mineralization marker among five tested that perturbed skeletal patterning. Here, we characterize these defects further and demonstrate that embryos exposed to AZ have abnormal skeletal element rotation, branching, and bending. Immunostains and polychrome labeling revealdelayed migration of primary mesenchyme cells and initiation of biomineralization. Although gross ectodermal dorsal-ventral specification, ciliary band restriction, and neuronal specification occur normally in most AZ-treated embryos, we find abnormal patterning and connectivity of the serotonergic neurons. Temporal transcriptomics comparisons confirm delayed development and implicate changes neuron-related GO terms with AZ treatment. Particle velocity imaging experiments show that ciliary beating normally directs fluid flow into the larval mouth, while AZ treatment perturbs the normal pattern of vortices and redirects flow away from the mouth. Finally, we show that the effects of AZ on skeletal patterning are largely due to the inhibition of catalase and subsequent elevation of reactive oxygen species. Specifically, catalase knockdown and transient hydrogen peroxide treatment are each sufficient to phenocopy the hallmark AZ skeletal patterning defects. This study is the first to define the consequences of AZ and its effects on neuronal function and catalase activity, with consequent impacts on development, skeletal patterning, and biomineralization.
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Project description:Human fungal pathogens must survive diverse reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by host immune cells. ROS can oxidize a range of cellular molecules including proteins, lipids, and DNA. Formation of lipid radicals by ROS can be especially damaging, as it leads to a chain reaction of lipid peroxidation that causes widespread damage to the plasma membrane. Most previous studies on antioxidant pathways in fungal pathogens have been conducted with hydrogen peroxide, so the pathways used to combat organic peroxides and lipid peroxidation are not well understood. The most well-known peroxidase in Candida albicans, catalase, only acts on hydrogen peroxide. We therefore characterized a family of four glutathione peroxidases (GPxs) that were predicted to play an important role in reducing organic peroxides. One of the GPxs, Gpx3 is also known to activate the Cap1 transcription factor that plays the major role in inducing antioxidant genes in response to ROS. Surprisingly, we found that the only measurable role of the GPxs is activation of Cap1 and did not find a significant role for GPxs in the direct detoxification of peroxides. Furthermore, a CAP1 deletion mutant strain was highly sensitive to organic peroxides and oxidized lipids, indicating an important role for antioxidant genes upregulated by Cap1 in protecting cells from organic peroxides. We identified GLR1 (Glutathione reductase), a gene upregulated by Cap1, as important for protecting cells from oxidized lipids, implicating glutathione utilizing enzymes in the protection against lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, an RNA-sequencing study in C. albicans measuring the transcriptional response for exposure to an organic peroxide showed upregulation of antioxidant and protein damage pathways. Overall, our results identify novel mechanisms by which C. albicans responds to oxidative stress resistance which open new avenues for understanding how fungal pathogens resist ROS in the host.
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