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Transcriptomic approaches in the zebrafish model for tuberculosis – insights into host- and pathogen-specific determinants of the innate immune response

ABSTRACT: Both embryonic and adult zebrafish Mycobacterium marinum infection studies have contributed to our knowledge of the development and function of tuberculous granulomas, which are typical for mycobacterial pathogenesis. In this review we discuss how transcriptome profiling studies have helped to characterize this infection process and we include new RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) data that reveals three main phases in the host response to M. marinum during the early stages of granuloma development in zebrafish embryos and larvae. The late-phase response shares common components with the strong and acute host transcriptome response that has previously been reported for S. typhimurium infection in zebrafish embryos. In contrast, the early/mid-phase response to M. marinum infection, characterized by suppressed pro-inflammatory signaling, is strikingly different from the acute response to S. typhimurium infection. Furthermore, M. marinum infection shows a collective and strongly fluctuating regulation of lipoproteins, while S. typhimurium infection has pronounced effects on amino acid metabolism and glycolysis.

ORGANISM(S): Danio rerio

PROVIDER: GSE76499 | GEO | 2016/06/01

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA307576

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:We use the zebrafish embryo model to study the similarities and differences in the innate immune response against three different bacterial pathogens. Therefore, we injected E. tarda, Salmonella, or M. marinum into the caudal vein of 28 hours post fertilization (hpf) zebrafish embryos and analysed their gene expression profile at 8 hours or 4 days after infection by microarrays. The results show that infections with the gram-negative bacteria E. tarda and S. typhimurium, which are lethal within 1-2 days, induce a strong early immune response at 8 hours after infection. In contrast, infection with M. marinum leads to a chronic infection that only induces a strong response at 4 days post infection. This microarray study was designed to determine the gene expression profile during infection with Salmonella typhimurium, Mycobacterium marinum, and Edwardsiella tarda. RNA was isolated from single embryos and each treatment group consisted of three embryos: (1) Wildtypes injected with PBS 8 hours post infection (hpi), (2) S. typhimurium-infected wildtypes 8hpi, (3) wildtypes injected with PBS/2%PVP 8hpi , (4) M. marinum-infected wildtypes 8hpi, (5) wildtypes injected with PBS/2%PVP 4 days post infection (dpi), (6) M. marinum-infected wildtypes 4dpi, (7) wildtypes injected with PBS 8hpi (E. tarda control), (8) E. tarda-infected wildtypes 8hpi. Embryos were grown at 28.5M-bM-^@M-^S30M-BM-0C in egg water and manually dechorionated at 24 hours post fertilization (hpf). Subsequently, embryos were infected at 28 hpf by micro-injecting 200 colony forming units (CFU) of S. typhimurium SL1027, E. tarda or Mycobacteria marinum M20 bacteria into the caudal vein, or were mock-injected with buffer as a control. After injections embryos were transferred into fresh egg water and incubated for 8 h or 4 days at 28M-BM-0C. After the incubation period, single embryos were snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen and RNA was isolated for microarray analysis. All treatment groups were analyzed using a common reference approach.

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Transcriptomic approaches in the zebrafish model for tuberculosis – insights into host- and pathogen-specific determinants of the innate immune response

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