Chronic pilocarpine hydrochloride treatment induced gene expression changes in Drosophila head
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Drosophila melanogaster
PROVIDER: GSE7787 | GEO | 2008/03/18
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA99813
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Tetraethylammonium chloride (TEA) is an epileptogenic agent. In an effort to develop a Drosophila model of kindling epileptogenesis, we have examined chronic TEA induced alterations in gene expression profile of fly heads. Expression profiling of fly heads after 7 day long TEA treatment revealed perturbations in various functional category of genes. Keywords: Drug Response
2008-03-18 | GSE7783 | GEO
Project description:Pilocarpine hydrochloride (PILO) is an epileptogenic agent. In an effort to develop a Drosophila model of kindling epileptogenesis, we have examined chronic PILO induced alterations in gene expression profile of fly heads. Expression profiling of fly heads after 7 day long PILO treatment revealed perturbations in various functional category of genes. Keywords: Drug Response D. melanogaster Oregon-R wild type flies were grown in standard fly medium consisting of agar-agar, maize powder, brown sugar, dried yeast, and nipagin. The cultures were grown at 24 +/- 1ºC, 60% RH, and 12 hrs light (9 AM to 9 PM) and 12 hours dark cycle. Three to four days old unmated adult males were grown in either normal food (NF) or food containing 1.5 mg/ml of PILO for seven days. Following this, the control and PILO treated flies were shifted to vials containing normal food and maintained further for seven days. Each vial contained 30 flies in the beginning of the treatment. Heads were harvested at the end of seven day treatment. Flies frozen in liquid nitrogen were shaken and the heads collected using cooled sieves. Total RNA was isolated from eight pools of frozen heads, every two of which represented a single parallel set of treatment in which four vials contained NF treated control flies, and four PILO exposed individuals, during treatment or withdrawal period, using TRI REAGENT (Sigma) according to the manufacturerâs protocol. Double stranded cDNA was synthesized from 10 µg of total RNA using Microarray cDNA Synthesis Kit (Roche). The cDNA was purified using Micorarray Target Purification Kit (Roche), according to the manufacturerâs protocol. Each of the four sets of control and treated cDNA samples, belonging to the four biological replicates, was used for labeling with either Cy3 or Cy5 dyes (Amersham Biosciences) using Microarray RNA Target Synthesis Kit T7 (Roche). The labeled products were purified by Microarray Target Purification Kit (Roche). The Cy3 and Cy5 labeled two cRNA samples of each biological replicate were pooled together, precipitated, washed, air-dried, and dissolved in 18MΩ RNAase free water (Sigma). Dye swapping was accomplished by hybridizing two arrays with NF control as Cy3- and PILO treated as Cy5- labeled sample, and the rest two as the opposite, NF as Cy5- and drug treated as Cy3- labeled sample. The labeled product was mixed with hybridization solution containing hybridization buffer (DIG Easy Hyb; Roche), 10mg/ml salmon testis DNA (0.05 mg/ml final concentration, Sigma) and 10mg/ml yeast tRNA (0.05 mg/ml final concentration, Sigma). The hybridization mixture was denatured at 65ºC and applied onto cDNA microarray slides (D12Kv1, CDMC, Toronto). The slides were covered by a coverslip (ESCO, Portsmouth, USA) and hybridization was allowed to take place in hybridization chamber (Corning) at 37ºC for 16 hrs. Following hybridization, the coverslips were removed in a solution containing 1X SSC and 0.1% SDS at 50ºC, and the slides washed in 1X SSC and 0.1% SDS (three times for 15 minutes each) in a coplin jar at 50ºC with occasional swirling and then transferred to 1X SSC and washed with gentle swirling at room temperature (twice for 15 minutes each). Slides were given a final wash in 0.1X SSC for 15 minutes and then liquid was quickly removed from the slide surface by spinning at 600 rpm for 5 minutes. Slides were scanned at 10µm resolution in GenePix 4000A Microarray Scanner (Molecular Devices). The preprocessing and quantification of the 16 bit TIFF images were carried out using Gene Pix Pro 6.0 software (Molecular Devices). Ratio based normalization was performed using Acuity 4.0 software (Molecular Devices). All Spots with raw intensity less then 100U and less then twice the average background was ignored during normalization. Normalized data was filtered for the selection of features before further analysis. Only those spot were selected which contained only a small percentage (<3) of saturated pixels, were not flagged bad or found absent (flags >= 0), had relatively uniform intensity and uniform background (Rgn R2 (635/532) >= 0.6) and were detectable above background (SNR >= 3). Analyzable spots in at least three of the four biological replicates performed were retrieved for downstream analysis using Significance Analysis of Microarrays (SAM 3.0, Excel Add-In, Stanford) under the conditions of one class response and 100 permutations.
2010-05-25 | E-GEOD-7787 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Strychnine (STR) is a convulsant agent. In an effort to develop a Drosophila model of kindling epileptogenesis, we have examined chronic STR induced alterations in gene expression profile of fly heads. Expression profiling of fly heads after 7 day long STR treatment revealed perturbations in various functional category of genes. Keywords: Drug Response
2008-03-18 | GSE7786 | GEO
Project description:Pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced kindling in rodents is an established model of epileptogenesis. The molecular basis of the associated long-term plasticity is however not clear. Further, rodent models of kindling plasticity are not amenable to large-scale screening of compounds for identifying antiepileptogenic drugs. In this context, we have developed a fly model of chronic PTZ- and withdrawal-induced behavioral plasticity. In our model, the chronic treatment is given for 7 days, followed by 7 day long withdrawal. Gene expression profiles of fly heads secondary to chronic PTZ were examined to identify molecular correlates of behavior in our model. Expression profiling of fly heads at three time points in the 7 day long chronic PTZ - 12 hrs, 2nd day, and 7th day - showed a dynamic and widespread alteration of various functional categories of genes. Keywords: Time Series
2007-10-02 | GSE7120 | GEO
Project description:Kindling induced by Pentylenetetrazol is an established rodent model of epileptogenesis. The molecular basis of the long-term plasticity involved is however not clear. In addition, rodent models of kindling plasticity are not useful for large-scale screening of compounds to identify antiepileptogenic drugs. Given this, we have developed a fly model of chronic PTZ- and withdrawal-induced behavioral plasticity. In our fly model, the chronic PTZ treatment is given for 7 days. This is then followed by 7 day long withdrawal. Expression profiling of fly heads at three time points in the 7 day long withdrawal period – 8th day, 10th day, and 14th day from the beginning of the treatment - showed a dynamic and widespread alteration of various functional categories of genes. Keywords: time series
2007-10-02 | GSE7156 | GEO
Project description:We recently developed a fly model of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced long-term behavioral plasticity. Pharmacological validation suggests this model to be kindling-like. Hence, our model is of relevance in understanding the molecular pathogenesis of epileptogenesis as well as in screening potential antiepileptogenic agents. Levetiracetam (LEV) is considered to have antiepileptogenic activity. Our fly model also predicted similar activity in LEV. Since the mechanism of action of LEV is not clearly known, we have examined the gene expression profiles of fly heads secondary to three days long chronic LEV treatment in Drosophila. Our results provide novel insights in to the drug’s mode of action. Keywords: Drug Response
2007-10-04 | GSE7488 | GEO
Project description:Global expression profiling of epileptogenesis has been confounded by variability across laboratories, epilepsy models, tissue sampled and experimental platforms, with the result that very few genes demonstrate consistent expression changes. The present study minimizes these confounds by combining Affymetrix microarray datasets from seven laboratories, using three status epilepticus (SE) models of epilepsy in rats (pilocarpine, kainate, self-sustained SE or SSSE) and the rat kindling model. Total RNA was harvested from laser-captured dentate granule cells from 6 rats at three times during the early-to-mid latent phase that precedes epilepsy symptoms in the SE models (1, 3 and 10 days after SE), or 24 hr after the first stage 2, stage 4 and stage 5 seizure in the kindling model. Each epilepsy model was studied in two independent laboratories except SSSE. The initial goals of this study were to a) identify model-independent transcriptional changes in dentate granule cells that could point to novel intervention targets for epileptogenesis, b) characterize the basal transcriptional profile of dentate granule cells, and c) identify genes that have highly variable expression.
2013-06-08 | GSE47752 | GEO
Project description:The molecular mechanism underlying the role of hippocampal hilar interneuron degeneration in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) remains unclear. Especially, very few studies have focused on the role of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS, encoded by Nos1) containing hilar interneurons in TLE. In the present study, Nos1 conditional knockout mice were constructed, and we found that selective deletion of Nos1 in hilar interneurons rather than dentate granular cells (DGCs) triggered epileptogenesis. The level of nNOS was downregulated in patients and mice with TLE. Nos1 deletion led to excessive epilepsy-like excitatory input circuit formation and hyperexcitation of DGCs. Replenishment of hilar nNOS protein blocked epileptogenic development and memory impairment in pilocarpine-induced TLE mice. Moreover, chronic treatment with DETA/NONOate, a slowly released exogenous nitric oxide (NO) donor, prevented aberrant neural circuits of DGCs and the consequent epileptogenesis without acute antiseizure effects. Therefore, we concluded that NO donor therapy may be a novel anti-epileptogenesis strategy, different from existing antiseizure medications (ASMs), for curing TLE.
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Project description:We recently developed a fly model of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced long-term behavioral plasticity. Pharmacological validation suggests this model to be kindling-like. Hence, our model is of relevance in understanding the molecular pathogenesis of epileptogenesis as well as in screening potential antiepileptogenic agents. Gabapentin (GBP) is an antiepileptic drug, and in the process of developing our fly model we generated gene expression profile of flies’ head secondary to treatment of the insects with GBP. Our results provide novel insights in to the drug’s mode of action. Keywords: Dose response
2007-10-05 | GSE7202 | GEO
Project description:We recently developed a fly model of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced long-term behavioral plasticity. Pharmacological validation suggests this model to be kindling-like. Hence, our model is of relevance in understanding the molecular pathogenesis of epileptogenesis as well as in screening potential antiepileptogenic agents. Sodium valproate (NaVP) is an antiepileptic drug, and in the process of developing our fly model we generated gene expression profile of flies’ head secondary to treatment of the insects with NaVP. Our results provide novel insights in to the drug’s mode of action. Keywords: Dose response
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