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Activation of myenteric glia during acute inflammation in vitro

ABSTRACT: Enteric glial cells (EGCs) are the main constituent of the enteric nervous system and share similarities with astrocytes from the central nervous system including their reactivity to an inflammator microenvironment. In this study we isolated GFAP-positive myenteric glia from FVB/hGFAP-eGFP transgenic postnatal day 7 mice. Following cell sorting for the eGFP reporter, GFAP-positive EGCs were cultured for 3 weeks to generate neurosphere-like bodies. This cell culture was stimulated with LPS for 48 h and cells were employed for gene expression profiling. LPS-stimulated cell cultures were compared to untreated control cell cultures. Enriched GFAP+ EGC cultures secreted increased levels of prominent inflammatory cytokines upon LPS stimulation. Further, in vitro cultures were compared to GFAP-eGFP-positive cells directly analyzed after cell sorting of small intestinal LMMP digests (in vivo) to assess alterations in transcriptomic profiles due to the in vitro culture.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE78015 | GEO | 2016/03/11

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA312358

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Mapttm1(EGFP)Klt/J mice (Mapt-EGFP; The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA; stock 004779) carry a knock-in of the EGFP coding sequence in the first exon of the microtubule-associated protein tau (Mapt) gene producing a cytoplasmic EGFP fused to the first 31 amino acids of MAPT. EGFP expression marks neurons including enteric neurons regardless of their lineage, closely patterning the expression of neuron-specific beta-tubulin III (TUBB3). Mapt-EGFP ice were backcrossed to C57BL/6J (Jackson Laboratory strain #:000664) for three to five generations at Mayo Clinic. Six male and six female Mapt-EGFP mice (54-98 days of age) underwent surgical laparotomy in 3 groups (surgery #1: 1 male and 1 female, surgery #2: 3 males and 1 female, surgery #3: 2 males and 4 females) under pentobarbital (50mg/kg) anesthesia. The celiac ganglion of each mouse was injected with 3-5 μL of 25 mg/mL Alexa Fluor 647-labeled cholera toxin subunit B (CTB-AF647; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) with the intention of labeling the cell soma of intestinofugal neurons in the myenteric plexus of the colon. The animals were killed 3-4 days after surgery. The muscularis externa of the colon from each Mapt-EGFP mouse was pooled together between all mice of the same surgery date (2, 4, and 6 mice) and mechanically and enzymatically dissociated into single cells with a two-step process that first enriches for cells within myenteric ganglia (PMCID: PMC8114175). The pooled cells from each group of mice formed one biological replicate and subjected to FACS immediately after dissociation to generate populations of Mapt-EGFP+ neurons with or without the CTB-AF647 tracer and Mapt-EGFP− non-neuronal cells. The frequency of Mapt-EGFP+CTB-AF647+ neurons was approximately 125-fold lower than that of Mapt-EGFP+CTB-AF647− neurons and RNA from these preparations did not pass quality control. Therefore, only data from Mapt-EGFP+CTB-AF647− neurons were analyzed and referred to as Mapt-EGFP+ cells. Total RNA was isolated from Mapt-EGFP+ colonic neurons and Mapt-EGFP− myenteric cells using RNA-Bee (AMSBIO, Cambridge, MA, USA) and purified with RNeasy Mini Kit (Qiagen, Germantown, MD, USA). RNA quality was tested using Agilent Electropherogram (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA) and hybridized to Affymetrix Mouse Genome 430.2 gene expression microarrays (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). This study utilized Affymetrix Mouse Genome 430.2 oligonucleotide microarray analysis to charaterize the transcriptome of Mapt-EGFP+ neurons and Mapt-EGFP- non-neuronal myenteric cells isolated from the colon of Mapttm1(EGFP)Klt/J mice.

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Activation of myenteric glia during acute inflammation in vitro

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