The transcriptome of central nervous system myelin
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE78151 | GEO | 2016/06/24
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA312779
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:Rapid nerve conduction in the CNS is facilitated by the insulation of axons with myelin, a specialized oligodendroglial compartment distant from the cell body. Myelin is turned over and adapted throughout life; however, the molecular and cellular basis of myelin dynamics is not well understood. Hypothesizing that only a fraction of all myelin-related mRNAs has been identified so far, we subjected myelin biochemically purified from mouse brains at various ages to RNA sequencing. We find a surprisingly large pool of transcripts abundant and/or enriched in myelin. Furthermore, a comprehensive analysis showed that the myelin transcriptome is closely related to the myelin proteome but clearly distinct from the transcriptomes of oligodendrocytes and brain tissues, suggesting that the incorporation of mRNAs into the myelin compartment is highly selective. The mRNA-pool in myelin displays maturation-dependent dynamic changes of composition, abundance, and functional associations; however ageing-dependent changes after 6 months of age were minor. We suggest that this transcript pool provides a basis for the local modulation of myelin turnover and adaptation, i.e. in the individual internode. A light-weight membrane fraction enriched for myelin was purified from mouse brains as described previously (Jahn et al., Neuromethods, 2013). For RNA-Seq, RNA was isolated from myelin of mice from indicated ages.
2016-06-24 | E-GEOD-78151 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Rapid nerve conduction in the CNS is facilitated by the insulation of axons with myelin, a specialized oligodendroglial compartment distant from the cell body. Myelin is turned over and adapted throughout life; however, the molecular and cellular basis of myelin dynamics is not well understood. Hypothesizing that only a fraction of all myelin-related mRNAs has been identified so far, we subjected myelin biochemically purified from mouse brains at various ages to RNA sequencing. We find a surprisingly large pool of transcripts abundant and/or enriched in myelin. By bioinformatic comparison, the myelin transcriptome is closely related to the myelin proteome but clearly distinct from the transcriptomes of oligodendrocytes and brain tissues, suggesting that the incorporation of mRNAs into the myelin compartment is highly selective. The mRNA-pool in myelin displays maturation-dependent dynamic changes of composition, abundance, and functional associations; however ageing-dependent changes after 6 months of age were minor. We suggest that this transcript pool provides a basis for the local modulation of myelin turnover and adaptation, i.e. in the individual internode.
2016-12-31 | GSE76458 | GEO
Project description:All drugs of abuse induce long-lasting changes in synaptic transmission and neural circuit function that underlie substance use disorders. Another recently appreciated mechanism of neural circuit plasticity is mediated through activity-regulated changes in myelin that can tune circuit function and influence cognitive behavior1. Here, we explored the role of myelin plasticity in dopaminergic circuity and reward learning. We demonstrate that dopaminergic neuronal activity-regulated myelin plasticity is a key modulator of dopaminergic circuit function and opioid reward. Oligodendroglial lineage cells respond to dopaminergic neuronal activity evoked by either optogenetic stimulation of dopaminergic neurons, optogenetic inhibition of GABAergic neurons, or administration of morphine or cocaine. These oligodendroglial changes are evident selectively within the ventral tegmental area (VTA), but not along the axonal projections in the medial forebrain bundle nor within the target nucleus accumbens (NAc). Genetic blockade of oligodendrogenesis dampens dopamine release dynamics in nucleus accumbens and impairs behavioral conditioning to morphine. Taken together, these findings underscore a critical role for oligodendrogenesis in reward learning and identify dopaminergic neuronal activity-regulated myelin plasticity as an important circuit modification that is required for opioid reward.
2024-02-10 | GSE255072 | GEO
Project description:Chemokine-like factor-like MARVEL-transmembrane domain containing protein 5 (CMTM5) is a tetraspan-transmembrane protein highly enriched in oligodendrocytes and central nervous system (CNS) myelin. We analyzed the proteome of myelin biochemically purified from mouse brains upon genetic disruption of the Cmtm5-gene specifically in myelinating cells. An ion mobility-enhanced version of data-independent acquisition (DIA) workflow with alternating low and elevated energy (referred to as UDMSE) was used to compare protein abundance in Cmtm5 cKO and CTRL samples by label-free quantification. Specifically, dynamic range enhancement (DRE)-UDMSE was applied as a dedicated data acquisition mode recently introduced for routine differential myelin proteome profiling. We found that Cmtm5 cKO mice displayed a largely similar myelin proteome composition as control mice and, together with other data such as electron micrographs, concluded that CMTM5 is not essential for myelin biogenesis and composition. However, oligodendroglial Cmtm5-deficiency causes an early-onset progressive axonopathy, presumably following a Wallerian-like pathomechanism. These results indicate that CMTM5 is involved in the function of oligodendrocytes to maintain axonal integrity rather than myelin biogenesis.
2022-04-04 | PXD029443 | Pride
Project description:An insulating myelin sheath ensures saltatory conduction of mechanosensory A afferents. Myelin damage results in the electrical instability of A fibers and the ability to generate pain in response to light touch/pressure (mechanical allodynia). We have hypothesized and then established that the release of T cell epitopes of myelin basic protein (MBP) enables nociceptive circuitry in myelinated fibers. Thus, mass spectrometry analysis of the rat sciatic nerve proteome followed by bioinformatics examination of the datasets revealed a loss of MBP and activation of T-helper cell signaling in the nerves undergoing chronic constriction injury (CCI). Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) proteolysis resulted in the MBP digest peptides, including the MBP84-104 and MBP68-86 regions, which exhibit prominent immunogenic epitopes. Myelin-forming Schwann cells and paranodal areas accumulated MHCII, MMP-9 and the degraded MBP at the sciatic nerve injury site. Administration of the immunodominant MBP84-104 and MBP68-86 peptides but not of the control peptides in a naïve rat sciatic nerve produced robust mechanical allodynia. Allodynia was accompanied by the T cell infiltration and an increase in MHCII, IL-17A and TNF- levels at the nerve injection site and the segmental ganglia. The pro-nociceptive activity of the synthetic MBP84-104 diminished in athymic nude rats lacking T cells. SB-3CT, an antagonist of MMP-9, inhibited mechanical allodynia, neuroinflammation and spinal sensitization after CCI. Collectively, our novel data implicate, for the first time, MMP-mediated cleavage of MBP and the resulting MBP digest fragments as a major cause of neuropathic pain. Gene extression profiling of total RNAs extracted from rat sciatic nerves, dorsal root ganglion and spinal cords after MBP84-104 peptide injection
2012-03-03 | E-GEOD-34868 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Axonal degeneration determines the clinical outcome of multiple sclerosis (MS), and is thought to result from exposure of denuded axons to immune-mediated damage. We challenge this view after finding in MS and its mouse models that myelin itself increases the risk of axons to degenerate under inflammatory conditions. We propose a model for demyelinating diseases in which for axons that remain myelinated, and thus shielded from the extracellular milieu, dependence from oligodendroglial support turns fatal in an autoimmune disease environment.
2023-05-02 | GSE222063 | GEO
Project description:Background During the development of the central nervous system, oligodendrocytes generate large amounts of myelin, a multilayered insulating membrane that ensheathes axons, thereby allowing the fast conduction of the action potential and maintaining axonal integrity. Differentiation of oligodendrocytes to myelin-forming cells requires the downregulation of RhoA GTPase activity. Results To gain insights into the molecular mechanisms of oligodendrocyte differentiation, we performed microarray expression profiling of the oligodendroglial cell line, Oli-neu, treated with the Rho kinase (ROCK) inhibitor, Y-27632 or with conditioned neuronal medium. This resulted in the identification of the transmembrane protein 10 (Tmem10/Opalin), a novel type I transmembrane protein enriched in differentiating oligodendrocytes. In primary cultures, Tmem10 was abundantly expressed in O4-positive oligodendrocytes, but not in oligodendroglial precursor cells, astrocytes, microglia or neurons. In mature oligodendrocytes Tmem10 was enriched in the rims and processes of the cells and was only found to a lesser extent in the membrane sheets. Conclusions Together, our results demonstrate that Tmem10 is a novel marker for in vitro generated oligodendrocytes. Keywords: gene expression profiling for oligodendrocytes, olineu, oligodendrocyte differentiation
2008-05-07 | GSE10291 | GEO
Project description:Background; During the development of the central nervous system, oligodendrocytes generate large amounts of myelin, a multilayered insulating membrane that ensheathes axons, thereby allowing the fast conduction of the action potential and maintaining axonal integrity. Differentiation of oligodendrocytes to myelin-forming cells requires the downregulation of RhoA GTPase activity. Results; To gain insights into the molecular mechanisms of oligodendrocyte differentiation, we performed microarray expression profiling of the oligodendroglial cell line, Oli-neu, treated with the Rho kinase (ROCK) inhibitor, Y-27632 or with conditioned neuronal medium. This resulted in the identification of the transmembrane protein 10 (Tmem10/Opalin), a novel type I transmembrane protein enriched in differentiating oligodendrocytes. In primary cultures, Tmem10 was abundantly expressed in O4-positive oligodendrocytes, but not in oligodendroglial precursor cells, astrocytes, microglia or neurons. In mature oligodendrocytes Tmem10 was enriched in the rims and processes of the cells and was only found to a lesser extent in the membrane sheets. Conclusions; Together, our results demonstrate that Tmem10 is a novel marker for in vitro generated oligodendrocytes. Experiment Overall Design: 2 Subexperiments: Experiment Overall Design: 1. olineu in absence of neurons (control) vs. olineu in presence of neurons Experiment Overall Design: including dye swap design with 6 technical replicates Experiment Overall Design: 2. olineu in presence of neurons (control) vs. Y27631 treated olineu in presence of neurons
2008-06-20 | E-GEOD-10291 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:An insulating myelin sheath ensures saltatory conduction of mechanosensory A afferents. Myelin damage results in the electrical instability of A fibers and the ability to generate pain in response to light touch/pressure (mechanical allodynia). We have hypothesized and then established that the release of T cell epitopes of myelin basic protein (MBP) enables nociceptive circuitry in myelinated fibers. Thus, mass spectrometry analysis of the rat sciatic nerve proteome followed by bioinformatics examination of the datasets revealed a loss of MBP and activation of T-helper cell signaling in the nerves undergoing chronic constriction injury (CCI). Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) proteolysis resulted in the MBP digest peptides, including the MBP84-104 and MBP68-86 regions, which exhibit prominent immunogenic epitopes. Myelin-forming Schwann cells and paranodal areas accumulated MHCII, MMP-9 and the degraded MBP at the sciatic nerve injury site. Administration of the immunodominant MBP84-104 and MBP68-86 peptides but not of the control peptides in a naïve rat sciatic nerve produced robust mechanical allodynia. Allodynia was accompanied by the T cell infiltration and an increase in MHCII, IL-17A and TNF- levels at the nerve injection site and the segmental ganglia. The pro-nociceptive activity of the synthetic MBP84-104 diminished in athymic nude rats lacking T cells. SB-3CT, an antagonist of MMP-9, inhibited mechanical allodynia, neuroinflammation and spinal sensitization after CCI. Collectively, our novel data implicate, for the first time, MMP-mediated cleavage of MBP and the resulting MBP digest fragments as a major cause of neuropathic pain.
2012-03-03 | GSE34868 | GEO
Project description:The aim of the dataset is to identify cell heterogeneity changes under myelin abnormalities. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia and neurodegenerative disease with increasing prevalence due to longer lifespan in the human population. Why aging constitutes the greatest risk factor for development of AD, however, remains poorly understood. Aging markedly affects oligodendrocytes and the structural integrity of their myelin sheaths which also causes secondary tissue inflammation. We propose a mechanistic link between aging-associated myelin dysfunction and the deposition of Amyloid-ß (Aß) as primary neuropathological hallmark of early AD and hypothesized that breakdown of myelin - especially in cortical regions – is an upstream driver of amyloid deposition in AD. Here, we show that in transgenic mouse models of AD, genetically induced myelin defects by Cnp or Plp1 depletion, as well as direct demyelination are potent drivers of amyloid deposition in vivo as shown by light sheet microscopy imaging. At transcriptomic level, bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing revealed successfully induced disease-associated-microglia (DAM)-like phenotypes in Cnp-/- animals. These activated microglia, however, are primarily engaged with myelin seemingly preventing the protective reactions of the microglia pool to Aß plaques. Our work, therefore, identifies myelin aging as a previously overlooked risk factor for AD and makes the case for myelin health-directed therapies in AD.
2023-03-20 | GSE208683 | GEO