Gene expression differences between wildtype and Atrx conditional knockout mouse retina tissues
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE78877 | GEO | 2016/09/09
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA314264
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:The vertebrate retina uses diverse neuronal cell types arrayed into complex neural circuits to extract, process and relay information from the visual scene to the higher order processing centers of the brain. Amacrine cells, a diverse class of inhibitory interneurons, are thought to mediate the majority of the processing of the visual signal that occurs within the retina. Despite morphological characterization, the number of known molecular markers of amacrine cell types is still much smaller than the 26 morphological types that have been identified. Furthermore, it is not known how this diversity arises during development. Here, we have combined in vivo genetic labeling and single cell genome-wide expression profiling to: 1) Identify specific molecular types of amacrine cells; 2) Demonstrate the molecular diversity of the amacrine cell class. It is difficult to identify new markers of amacrine cells, due to the fact that they only comprise a small percentage of the total cells in the retina. Additionally, given that there are at least 26 distinct types of amacrine cells, population based approaches fail to achieve the precision necessary to discover markers of each type. To facilitate the identification of new markers for different amacrine cell classes and to more fully characterize the molecular signatures of these classes, we isolated single amacrine cells. To accomplish this goal, we introduced genetic reporters (pNdrg4::GFP or pSynapsin::GFP) into the developing retina (P0) by either in vivo or ex vivo electroporation. These reporters were observed to label morphologically distinct sets of amacrine cells at the different timepoints harvested in this study. Electroporated retinas were then dissociated at different time points and single retinal amacrine cells were isolated by virtue of their GFP expression and placed in tubes containing lysis buffer. Then, their mRNAs were reverse transcribed, and the resulting cDNAs were PCR amplified for 35 cycles. Labeled cDNA samples were hybridized to Affymetrix 430 2.0 microarrays and the data was normalized using MAS5.0 software.
2009-05-31 | E-GEOD-12601 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The mammalian retina contains a complex mixture of different types of neurons. We find that the microRNA miR-216b is preferentially expressed in postmitotic retinal amacrine cells in the mouse retina, and expression of miR-216a/b and miR-217 in the retina depend in part on Ptf1a, a transcription factor required for amacrine cell differentiation. Surprisingly, ectopic expression of miR-216b, or the related miR-216a, can direct the formation of additional amacrine cells in the developing retina. In addition, we observe the loss of bipolar neurons in the retina after miR-216b expression. We identify the mRNA for the transcriptional regulator Foxn3 as a retinal target of miR-216b by Argonaute PAR-CLIP and reporter analysis. Inhibition of Foxn3 in the postnatal developing retina by RNAi also increases the formation of amacrine cells and reduces bipolar cell formation, while overexpression of Foxn3 inhibits amacrine cell formation prior to the expression of Ptf1a. Disruption of Foxn3 by CRISPR in embryonic retinal explants also reduces amacrine cell formation. Co-expression of Foxn3 partially reverses the effects of ectopic miR-216b on retinal cell type formation. Our results identify Foxn3 as a novel regulator of interneuron formation in the developing retina and suggest that miR-216b likely regulates expression of Foxn3 and other genes in amacrine cells.
2021-12-22 | GSE165831 | GEO
Project description:The mammalian retina contains a complex mixture of different types of neurons. We find that the microRNA miR-216b is preferentially expressed in postmitotic retinal amacrine cells in the mouse retina, and expression of miR-216a/b and miR-217 in the retina depend in part on Ptf1a, a transcription factor required for amacrine cell differentiation. Surprisingly, ectopic expression of miR-216b, or the related miR-216a, can direct the formation of additional amacrine cells in the developing retina. In addition, we observe the loss of bipolar neurons in the retina after miR-216b expression. We identify the mRNA for the transcriptional regulator Foxn3 as a retinal target of miR-216b by Argonaute PAR-CLIP and reporter analysis. Inhibition of Foxn3 in the postnatal developing retina by RNAi also increases the formation of amacrine cells and reduces bipolar cell formation, while overexpression of Foxn3 inhibits amacrine cell formation prior to the expression of Ptf1a. Disruption of Foxn3 by CRISPR in embryonic retinal explants also reduces amacrine cell formation. Co-expression of Foxn3 partially reverses the effects of ectopic miR-216b on retinal cell type formation. Our results identify Foxn3 as a novel regulator of interneuron formation in the developing retina and suggest that miR-216b likely regulates expression of Foxn3 and other genes in amacrine cells.
2021-12-22 | GSE165830 | GEO
Project description:The mammalian retina contains a complex mixture of different types of neurons. We find that the microRNA miR-216b is preferentially expressed in postmitotic retinal amacrine cells in the mouse retina, and expression of miR-216a/b and miR-217 in the retina depend in part on Ptf1a, a transcription factor required for amacrine cell differentiation. Surprisingly, ectopic expression of miR-216b, or the related miR-216a, can direct the formation of additional amacrine cells in the developing retina. In addition, we observe the loss of bipolar neurons in the retina after miR-216b expression. We identify the mRNA for the transcriptional regulator Foxn3 as a retinal target of miR-216b by Argonaute PAR-CLIP and reporter analysis. Inhibition of Foxn3 in the postnatal developing retina by RNAi also increases the formation of amacrine cells and reduces bipolar cell formation, while overexpression of Foxn3 inhibits amacrine cell formation prior to the expression of Ptf1a. Disruption of Foxn3 by CRISPR in embryonic retinal explants also reduces amacrine cell formation. Co-expression of Foxn3 partially reverses the effects of ectopic miR-216b on retinal cell type formation. Our results identify Foxn3 as a novel regulator of interneuron formation in the developing retina and suggest that miR-216b likely regulates expression of Foxn3 and other genes in amacrine cells.
2021-12-22 | GSE165827 | GEO
Project description:Calcium is involved in vision processes in retina and is implicated in various pathologies including glaucoma. Rods are protected against prolonged lowering of intracellular calcium ion concentrations by Store Operated Calcium Entry (SOCE). We showed zebrafish lacking SOCE calcium sensor Stim2 had problem with vision as indicated by behavior tests, staining of retina and downregulation of genes related to light perception. In this work we aimed to understand the mechanism responsible for the vision problems in stim2 zebrafish knockout. scRNA-sequencing of neuronal origin cells from brains of 5 dpf larvae identified 27 clusters. Differently expressed genes were detected in ten clusters including amacrine and GABAergic retinal interneurons and GABAergic optic tectum cells. In five clusters the proportion of cells in stim2 KO fish versus control was significantly decreased including GABAergic diencephalon and optic tectum, and was increased in amacrine and GABAergic retinal interneurons. Transmission Electron Microscopy in stim2 KO fish revealed decrease in width of inner plexiform layer (IPL), ganglion cells and their dendrites numbers what is characteristic for glaucoma. Analysis of cell density in the inner nucleus layer, which includes amacrine cells among others, showed a significant decrease in the number of GABAergic neurons.The area of cristae in photoreceptor mitochondria was statistically lower in stim2 KO than in control retinas.
2024-10-21 | GSE264310 | GEO
Project description:Calcium is involved in vision processes in retina and is implicated in various pathologies including glaucoma. Rods are protected against prolonged lowering of intracellular calcium ion concentrations by Store Operated Calcium Entry (SOCE). We showed zebrafish lacking SOCE calcium sensor Stim2 had problem with vision as indicated by behavior tests, staining of retina and downregulation of genes related to light perception. In this work we aimed to understand the mechanism responsible for the vision problems in stim2 zebrafish knockout. scRNA-sequencing of neuronal origin cells from brains of 5 dpf larvae identified 27 clusters. Differently expressed genes were detected in ten clusters including amacrine and GABAergic retinal interneurons and GABAergic optic tectum cells. In five clusters the proportion of cells in stim2 KO fish versus control was significantly decreased including GABAergic diencephalon and optic tectum, and was increased in amacrine and GABAergic retinal interneurons. Transmission Electron Microscopy in stim2 KO fish revealed decrease in width of inner plexiform layer (IPL), ganglion cells and their dendrites numbers what is characteristic for glaucoma. Analysis of cell density in the inner nucleus layer, which includes amacrine cells among others, showed a significant decrease in the number of GABAergic neurons. The area of cristae in photoreceptor mitochondria was statistically lower in stim2 KO than in control retinas.
2024-10-21 | GSE264309 | GEO
Project description:The retina is an exquisitely patterned tissue, with neuronal somata positioned at regular intervals to completely sample the visual field. Cholinergic amacrine cells are spectacular exemplars of precision, distributing in two radial layers and tangentially, forming regular mosaics. Here, we investigated how the intracellular phosphatase Pten and the cell adhesion molecule Dscam cooperate to regulate amacrine cell patterning. Using double mutants to test epistasis, we found that Pten and Dscam function in parallel pathways to regulate amacrine cell positioning. Mechanistically, Pten regulates endocytic remodeling of cell adhesion molecules (Dscam, Megf10, Fat3), which are aberrantly redistributed in Pten conditional-knock-out (cKO) cholinergic amacrine cells. Furthermore, extracellular vesicle content, including that of cell adhesion and signaling molecules, is altered in Pten cKO retinas. Consequently, Wnt signalling is attenuated, the pharmacological disruption of which phenocopies Pten cKO amacrine cell patterning defects. Pten thus controls endocytic trafficking of critical cell adhesion/signaling molecules to control amacrine cell spacing.
2024-08-09 | PXD036221 | Pride
Project description:To comprehensively profile cell types in the human retina, we performed single cell RNA-sequencing on 20,009 cells obtained post-mortem from three donors and compiled a reference transcriptome atlas. Using unsupervised clustering analysis, we identified 18 transcriptionally distinct clusters representing all known retinal cells: rod photoreceptors, cone photoreceptors, Müller glia cells, bipolar cells, amacrine cells, retinal ganglion cells, horizontal cells, retinal astrocytes and microglia.
2019-08-21 | E-MTAB-7316 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The vertebrate retina uses diverse neuronal cell types arrayed into complex neural circuits to extract, process and relay information from the visual scene to the higher order processing centers of the brain. Amacrine cells, a diverse class of inhibitory interneurons, are thought to mediate the majority of the processing of the visual signal that occurs within the retina. Despite morphological characterization, the number of known molecular markers of amacrine cell types is still much smaller than the 26 morphological types that have been identified. Furthermore, it is not known how this diversity arises during development. Here, we have combined in vivo genetic labeling and single cell genome-wide expression profiling to: 1) Identify specific molecular types of amacrine cells; 2) Demonstrate the molecular diversity of the amacrine cell class.
2009-06-01 | GSE12601 | GEO
Project description:Ocular growth is regulated locally by signals produced in the retina that ultimately act on the growth of the scleral tissue. Consequently, a number of studies have investigated changes in retinal gene expression during manipulation of ocular growth in an attempt to elucidate the biochemical pathways underlying eye growth. However, due to the highly heterogenous nature of the retina, important changes in gene expression can be masked. Therefore, this study has investigated changes in gene expression specifically within the retinal amacrine cell layer, the most likely generator of growth signals, during manipulations of ocular growth. Chicks were monocularly treated with either -7D (n=3, growth stimulant) or +7D (n=3, growth suppressant) lenses for 24hrs, with untreated age-matched chicks serving as a control (n=3). Total RNA from the amacrine cell layer was isolated from laser-capture microdissected (Zeiss, Bernried, Germany) 10µm thick sections. Labeled cRNA was prepared from three separate samples per condition and hybridized to Affymetrix GeneChip Chicken Genome arrays.
2010-07-08 | E-GEOD-17758 | biostudies-arrayexpress