NTRK3 kinase fusions in melanocytic tumors
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE81625 | GEO | 2017/05/18
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA322143
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:In our clinical practice, we perform genome-wide high-resolution SNP-array analysis as an adjunct to the histopathologic diagnosis for diagnostically challenging melanocytic tumors. The concept of using array-based DNA copy number analysis to screen for gene fusions associated with unbalanced genomic aberrations flanking the fusion points was applied in the diagnostic setting, and intragenic copy number changes involving common receptor kinase genes are typically further analyzed and, if necessary, studied by alternative methods. Here we present the discovery of recurrent NTRK3 gene rearrangements in childhood melanocytic neoplasms based on genome-wide high-resolution SNP-array analysis.
2017-02-01 | GSE90644 | GEO
Project description:Human CD4+ T cells mediate spontaneous rejection of acquired benign melanocytic nevi, in the majority of cases, through a break in peripheral tolerance. For the remaining cases, nevi remain stable and do not progress to malignancy. In this experiment, we compared gene expression of post-transplant rejected nevi to stable nevi in order to better characterize their transcriptional profiles.
2021-07-08 | GSE153399 | GEO
Project description:Spitzoid neoplasms are a distinct group of melanocytic tumors. Genetically, they lack mutations in common melanoma-associated oncogenes. Recent studies have shown that spitzoid tumors may contain a variety of kinase fusions, including ROS1, NTRK1, ALK, BRAF, and RET fusions. We report herein the discovery of recurrent NTRK3 gene rearrangements in childhood melanocytic neoplasms with spitzoid and/or atypical features, based on genome-wide copy number analysis by single-nucleotide polymorphism array, which showed intragenic copy number changes in NTRK3. Break-apart fluorescence in situ hybridization confirmed the presence of NTRK3 rearrangement, and a novel MYO5A-NTRK3 transcript, representing an in-frame fusion of MYO5A exon 32 to NTRK3 exon 12, was identified using a rapid amplification of cDNA ends-based anchored multiplex PCR assay followed by next-generation sequencing. The predicted MYO5A-NTRK3 fusion protein consists of several N-terminal coiled-coil protein dimerization motifs encoded by MYO5A and C-terminal tyrosine kinase domain encoded by NTRK3, which is consistent with the prototypical structure of TRK oncogenic fusions. Our study also demonstrates how array-based copy number analysis can be useful in discovering gene fusions associated with unbalanced genomic aberrations flanking the fusion points. Our findings add another potentially targetable kinase fusion to the list of oncogenic fusions in melanocytic tumors.
| S-EPMC5417047 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Spitzoid neoplasms are a challenging group of cutaneous melanocytic proliferations that occur in children or adolescents but can also arise in the elderly. They are characterized by epithelioid and/ or spindle-shaped melanocytes with a stromal background of variable amounts of lymphocytes, blood vessels and sclerosis. According to the WHO 2018 classification, Spitzoid melanocytic lesions are classified as benign Spitz nevi (SN), atypical Spitz tumors (AST) or malignant Spitz tumors (MST). The intermediate AST category represents a diagnostically challenging group since on purely histopathological grounds, their benign or malignant character remains unpredictable. This results in uncertainties in patient management and prognosis. The molecular properties of Spitzoid lesions, especially their transcriptomic landscape, remain poorly understood and genomic alterations in melanoma-associated oncogenes are typically absent. The aim of this study was to characterize the transcriptome of Spitzoid melanocytic neoplasms with digital mRNA expression profiling. Formalin-fixed-paraffin-embedded samples (including 27 SN, 10 AST and 14 MST) were analyzed using the RNA NanoString nCounter PanCancer Pathways Gene Expression panel. The number of significantly differentially expressed genes in SN vs. MST, SN vs. AST and AST vs. MST was 68, 167 and 18, respectively. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed an upregulation of pathways related to epithelial mesenchymal transition, immunomodulatory-, angiogenesis- as well as myogenesis associated processes in AST and MST. In addition, a specific gene expression signature of SN vs. MST was discovered based on the top-ranked six most informative gene expression markers: NRAS, NF1, BMP2, EIF2B4, IFNA17 and FZD9. The AST samples showed intermediate levels of the identified signature. This implies that the identified gene expression signature can potentially be used to distinguish high-grade from low-grade AST. This combined histopathological and transcriptomic methodology is promising for diagnostics of Spitzoid neoplasms and patient management in dermatological oncology in the future.
2019-10-25 | GSE139314 | GEO
Project description:We report a mouse model that recapitulates expression of the ETV6-NTRK3 (EN) fusion oncoprotein, the product of the t(12;15)(p13;q25) translocation characteristic of human secretory breast carcinoma. Activation of EN expression in mammary tissues by Whey acidic protein (Wap) promoter-driven Cre leads to fully penetrant, multifocal malignant breast cancer with short latency. We provide genetic evidence that committed bipotent or CD61+ luminal alveolar progenitors, are targets of tumorigenesis. Furthermore, EN transforms these otherwise transient progenitors through activation of the AP1 complex. To study the initial effects of ETV6-NTRK3 (EN) mediated transformation, we retrovirally transduced NIH 3T3 cells and generated microarray expression profiling data of EN transduced 3T3 cells as well as control 3T3 cells. Using gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), we identified a signature involving the AP1 transcriptional complex in EN transduced 3T3 cells. Keywords: genetic modification, cell type comparison
2007-12-14 | GSE9354 | GEO
Project description:In the study, researchers investigated acral melanomas, particularly subungual melanomas (SUM), which are primarily characterized by whole genome copy number variations (CNV) such as amplifications, gains, and losses. Previous research has utilized various cytogenetic or molecular analyses ranging from targeted methods focused on specific genes to comprehensive whole genome and whole transcriptome sequencing techniques. To differentiate between malignant and benign lesions, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) methods have been commonly employed, utilizing probes targeting genes like CCND1, RREB1, MYB, CDKN2A, or MYC either individually or in combination.In this study a Comparative Genomic Hybridization on array (array-CGH) was performed to detect whole genome CNV. This approach aimed to improve the classification of malignant and benign lesions in a cohort consisting of 31 SUM cases and 8 subungual lentiginous melanocytic proliferations with or without atypia.
2024-05-31 | GSE262724 | GEO
Project description:The newest WHO classification suggests eliminating cases with BRAF and NRAS mutations from the categories of Spitz tumors (ST) and Spitz melanoma (SM). We aimed to better characterize the genomics of Spitz neoplasms and assess whether integrating genomic data with morphologic diagnosis improves classification and prognostication. We performed DNA and RNA sequencing on 80 STs, 26 SMs, and 22 melanomas with Spitzoid features (MSF). NGS data was used to reclassify tumors by moving BRAF/NRAS-mutated cases to MSF. Eighty-one percent of STs harbored kinase fusions/truncations. Of SMs, 77% had fusions/truncations, 8 involving MAP3K8. Novel fusions identified were MYO5A-FGFR1, MYO5A-ERBB4, and PRKDC-CTNNB1. The majority of MSFs (84%) had BRAF, NRAS, or NF1 mutations, and 62% had TERT promoter mutations. Only after reclassification, the following was observed: 1) mRNA expression showed distinct clustering of MSF; 2) 6/7 cases with recurrence and all distant metastases were MSFs; 3) RFS was worse in MSF than ST and SM groups (p=0.0073); 4) classification incorporating genomic data was highly predictive of recurrence (OR 13.20, p=0.0197). The majority of STs and SMs have kinase fusions as primary initiating genomic events. Eliminating BRAF/NRAS-mutated neoplasms from these categories results in improved classification and prognostication of melanocytic neoplasms with Spitzoid cytomorphology.
2020-08-27 | GSE142442 | GEO
Project description:The newest WHO classification suggests eliminating cases with BRAF and NRAS mutations from the categories of Spitz tumors (ST) and Spitz melanoma (SM). We aimed to better characterize the genomics of Spitz neoplasms and assess whether integrating genomic data with morphologic diagnosis improves classification and prognostication. We performed DNA and RNA sequencing on 80 STs, 26 SMs, and 22 melanomas with Spitzoid features (MSF). NGS data was used to reclassify tumors by moving BRAF/NRAS-mutated cases to MSF. Eighty-one percent of STs harbored kinase fusions/truncations. Of SMs, 77% had fusions/truncations, 8 involving MAP3K8. Novel fusions identified were MYO5A-FGFR1, MYO5A-ERBB4, and PRKDC-CTNNB1. The majority of MSFs (84%) had BRAF, NRAS, or NF1 mutations, and 62% had TERT promoter mutations. Only after reclassification, the following was observed: 1) mRNA expression showed distinct clustering of MSF; 2) 6/7 cases with recurrence and all distant metastases were MSFs; 3) RFS was worse in MSF than ST and SM groups (p=0.0073); 4) classification incorporating genomic data was highly predictive of recurrence (OR 13.20, p=0.0197). The majority of STs and SMs have kinase fusions as primary initiating genomic events. Eliminating BRAF/NRAS-mutated neoplasms from these categories results in improved classification and prognostication of melanocytic neoplasms with Spitzoid cytomorphology.
2020-02-26 | GSE142441 | GEO
Project description:Genomic analysis of melanocytic neoplasms
| PRJNA434347 | ENA