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Inhibiting neutrophils activation by long-term administration of 5-amino salicylic acid reduces colitis-associated colorectal tumor burden in ApcMin/+ mice

ABSTRACT: Objective The risk of ulcerative colitis (UC)-associated colorectal cancer (CRC) increases with the duration of UC. Oral 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) formulations are the first-line treatment for mild-to-moderate UC; nevertheless, preventive effect of oral 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) formulations on UC-associated CRC remains unsolved. We investigated the impact of 5-ASA to colitis-associated neoplasia in C57BL/6J-ApcMin heterozygous (ApcMin/+) mice. Design ApcMin/+ mice exposed to 1.5 w/v% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) ad libitum for 3 days followed by 25 days of tap water to develop colitis-associated neoplasia. Mice were intracolorectally administrated with 5-ASA to evaluate the effects on the number of tumors. The mechanism of action was presumed by microarray analysis using in vivo samples and was confirmed by in vitro culture of HT-29, a human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line with supernatant of human primary neutrophils. Results A remission between acute and recurrent episodes of diarrhea, which were ameliorated by 5-ASA treatment were observed in this model. The number of tumors was reduced by continuous 5-ASA administration in this model. This reduction was abolished by withdrawal of 5-ASA in remission period compared to continuous 5-ASA administration. Microarray analysis revealed that neutrophils were involved in the protective mechanism of 5-ASA against proliferation of tumors. Additionally, calprotectin production from human primary neutrophil as activation marker was strongly correlated with proliferation of HT-29.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE83749 | GEO | 2019/06/26

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Objective: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic disease with rising incidence and unclear etiology. The application of mass spectrometry-based post-genomic analysis methods shall support the development of molecular biomarker signatures providing status information with regard to UC pathomechanisms. Design: Pathomechanisms characteristic for UC were assessed by proteome profiling of human tissue specimen, obtained from five distinct colon locations each of 12 patients. Systemic disease-associated alterations were investigated by mass spectrometry-based multi-omics analyses comprising proteins, metabolites and eicosanoids of plasma obtained from UC patients during disease and upon remission in comparison to healthy controls. Results: Proteome profiling results identified colitis-associated activation of neutrophils, macrophages, B- and T-cells, platelets, fibroblasts and endothelial cells and indicated hypoxic stress, as well as a general reduction of mitochondrial proteins accompanying the establishment of apparent healing-promoting activities as well as scar formation. While the immune cells mainly contributed pro-inflammatory proteins, the colitis-associated epithelial cells, fibroblasts, endothelial cells and platelets predominantly formed anti-inflammatory and healing-promoting proteins. Blood plasma proteomics indicated chronic inflammation and platelet activation, whereas plasma metabolomics identified disease-associated deregulation of bile acids, eicosanoids and gut microbiome-derived metabolites. Upon remission, several, but not all, molecular candidate biomarker levels recovered to normal levels. These findings may indicate that pathomechanisms related to gut functions, gut microbiome status, microvascular damage and metabolic dysregulation associated with hypoxia may do not resolve uniformly upon remission. Conclusions: The establishment of disease-associated biomarker profiles related to molecular UC pathomechanisms may support the establishment of bioassays with improved prognostic power aiding individualized therapy.

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Inhibiting neutrophils activation by long-term administration of 5-amino salicylic acid reduces colitis-associated colorectal tumor burden in ApcMin/+ mice

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