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Whole genome bisulfite and TAB-Sequencing from sorted neurons in the adult mouse brain

ABSTRACT: Mutations in the gene encoding the methyl-CG binding protein MeCP2 cause neurological disorders including Rett syndrome. The di-nucleotide methyl-CG (mCG) is the canonical MeCP2 DNA recognition sequence, but additional targets including non-methylated sequences have been reported. Here we use brain-specific depletion of DNA methyltransferase to show that DNA methylation is the primary determinant of MeCP2 binding in mouse brain. In vitro and in vivo analyses reveal that MeCP2 binding to non-CG methylated sites in brain is largely confined to the tri-nucleotide sequence mCAC. Structural modeling suggests that mCG and mCAC may be interchangeable as minimal structural perturbation of MeCP2 accompanies binding. MeCP2 binding to chromosomal DNA in mouse brain is proportional to mCG + mCAC density and defines domains within which transcription is sensitive to MeCP2 occupancy. The results suggest that MeCP2 interprets patterns of mCAC and mCG in the brain to negatively modulate transcription of genes critical for neuronal function.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE84506 | GEO | 2017/05/04

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA329546

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Whole genome bisulfite sequencing of adult hypothalamus male mouse brain

Project description:Mutations in the gene encoding the methyl-CG binding protein MeCP2 cause neurological disorders including Rett syndrome. The di-nucleotide methyl-CG (mCG) is the canonical MeCP2 DNA recognition sequence, but additional targets including non-methylated sequences have been reported. Here we use brain-specific depletion of DNA methyltransferase to show that DNA methylation is the primary determinant of MeCP2 binding in mouse brain. In vitro and in vivo analyses reveal that MeCP2 binding to non-CG methylated sites in brain is largely confined to the tri-nucleotide sequence mCAC. Structural modeling suggests that mCG and mCAC may be interchangeable as minimal structural perturbation of MeCP2 accompanies binding. MeCP2 binding to chromosomal DNA in mouse brain is proportional to mCG + mCAC density and defines domains within which transcription is sensitive to MeCP2 occupancy. The results suggest that MeCP2 interprets patterns of mCAC and mCG in the brain to negatively modulate transcription of genes critical for neuronal function.

2017-05-04 | GSE84533 | GEO

MeCP2 binds to mCH as neurons mature, influencing transcription and onset of Rett syndrome [ChIP-Seq]

Project description:The postnatal neurodevelopmental disorder Rett syndrome (RTT) is caused by mutations in the gene encoding Methyl-CpG-binding Protein 2 (MeCP2). Despite decades of research, it remains unclear how MeCP2 actually regulates transcription or why RTT features appear only 6-18 months after birth. We examined MeCP2 binding to methylated cytosine in the CH context (mCH, where H = A, C, or T) in the adult mouse brain and found that MeCP2 binds these mCH sites, influencing nucleosome positioning and transcription. Strikingly, this pattern is unique to the mature nervous system, as it requires the increase in mCH after birth to reveal differences in MeCP2 binding to mCG, mCH, and non-methylated DNA elements. This study provides insight into the molecular mechanism governing MeCP2 targeting and how this targeting might contribute to the delayed onset of RTT symptoms. MeCP2 ChIP-Seq were conducted from ~ 7-week-old hypothalamus tissues from Mecp2-/y; MECP2-EGFP mice.

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MeCP2 binds to mCH as neurons mature, influencing transcription and onset of Rett syndrome [Mnase-Seq]

Project description:The postnatal neurodevelopmental disorder Rett syndrome (RTT) is caused by mutations in the gene encoding Methyl-CpG-binding Protein 2 (MeCP2). Despite decades of research, it remains unclear how MeCP2 actually regulates transcription or why RTT features appear only 6-18 months after birth. We examined MeCP2 binding to methylated cytosine in the CH context (mCH, where H = A, C, or T) in the adult mouse brain and found that MeCP2 binds these mCH sites, influencing nucleosome positioning and transcription. Strikingly, this pattern is unique to the mature nervous system, as it requires the increase in mCH after birth to reveal differences in MeCP2 binding to mCG, mCH, and non-methylated DNA elements. This study provides insight into the molecular mechanism governing MeCP2 targeting and how this targeting might contribute to the delayed onset of RTT symptoms. Mnase-Seq were conducted from 7-week-old hypothalamus from MeCP2 knockout mice and their age and genetic background matched wild types control mice.

2015-04-15 | E-GEOD-66869 | biostudies-arrayexpress

MeCP2 binds to mCH as neurons mature, influencing transcription and onset of Rett syndrome [Mnase-Seq]

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MeCP2 binds to mCH as neurons mature, influencing transcription and onset of Rett syndrome [ChIP-Seq]

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MeCP2 binds to mCH as neurons mature, influencing transcription and onset of Rett syndrome [mRNA-Seq]

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MeCP2 binds to mCH as neurons mature, influencing transcription and onset of Rett syndrome [mRNA-Seq]

Project description:The postnatal neurodevelopmental disorder Rett syndrome (RTT) is caused by mutations in the gene encoding Methyl-CpG-binding Protein 2 (MeCP2). Despite decades of research, it remains unclear how MeCP2 actually regulates transcription or why RTT features appear only 6-18 months after birth. We examined MeCP2 binding to methylated cytosine in the CH context (mCH, where H = A, C, or T) in the adult mouse brain and found that MeCP2 binds these mCH sites, influencing nucleosome positioning and transcription. Strikingly, this pattern is unique to the mature nervous system, as it requires the increase in mCH after birth to reveal differences in MeCP2 binding to mCG, mCH, and non-methylated DNA elements. This study provides insight into the molecular mechanism governing MeCP2 targeting and how this targeting might contribute to the delayed onset of RTT symptoms. mRNA-Seq were conducted from 7-week-old hypothalamus from MeCP2 knockout mice and their age and genetic background matched wild types control mice. Additonal mRNA-Seq were conducted from 7-week-old hypothalamus from MeCP2 transgenic mice and their age and genetic background matched wild types control mice.

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Project description:Mutations in the MECP2 gene cause the profound neurological disorder Rett syndrome. MeCP2 protein is an epigenetic reader that recruits the NCOR1/2 corepressor complexes to methylated cytosine in its canonical CG setting, but also to methylated CA motifs, which are abundant in neurons but rare in other cell types. In this study we set out to test the biological significance of this non-canonical mode of DNA binding. To achieve this, we replaced the endogenous MeCP2 DNA binding domain with that of MBD2, which only binds mCG. Knock-in mice expressing the hybrid “MM2” protein created by this domain-swap displayed severe Rett syndrome-like phenotypes. This indicates that binding to mCA, specifically the mCAC trinucleotide, is critical for normal brain function and it offers a plausible explanation for the delayed onset of Rett syndrome, due to the coincident late accumulation of mCAC and its cognate interpreter, MeCP2. We show that the small subset of genes aberrantly expressed in both Mecp2-null and MM2 mice is strikingly enriched for genes implicated in neurological disorders, highlighting targets with potential relevance to the Rett syndrome phenotype

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Swapping the DNA binding domain of MeCP2 with that of MBD2 to abolish binding to non-CG methlyation results in RTT-like phenotypes in mice [ATAC-seq]

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2019-11-26 | GSE139509 | GEO

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