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Regulation of KMT2D by PI(3)K/AKT signalling orchestrates oestrogen receptor mediated transcriptional activation in breast cancer [ChIP-seq]

ABSTRACT: We aim to elucidate the mechanisms of how PI3K inhibition is promoting oestrogen receptor (ER) activation and ER dependency in breast cancer.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE84593 | GEO | 2017/03/01

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA330542

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Regulation of KMT2D by PI(3)K/AKT signalling orchestrates oestrogen receptor mediated transcriptional activation in breast cancer [ATAC-seq]

Project description:We aim to elucidate the mechanisms of how PI3K inhibition is promoting oestrogen receptor (ER) activation and ER dependency in breast cancer.

2017-03-01 | GSE84515 | GEO

Regulation of KMT2D by PI(3)K/AKT signalling orchestrates oestrogen receptor mediated transcriptional activation in breast cancer

Project description:We aim to elucidate the mechanisms of how PI3K inhibition is promoting estrogen receptor (ER) activation and ER dependency in breast cancer.

2017-04-01 | GSE95366 | GEO

Regulation of KMT2D by PI(3)K/AKT signalling orchestrates oestrogen receptor mediated transcriptional activation in breast cancer

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

2017-03-01 | GSE84594 | GEO

Regulation of KMT2D by PI(3)K/AKT signalling orchestrates oestrogen receptor mediated transcriptional activation in breast cancer

Project description:Regulation of KMT2D by PI(3)K/AKT signalling orchestrates oestrogen receptor mediated transcriptional activation in breast cancer

| PRJNA330537 | ENA

APOBEC3B facilitates a functional and necessary link between oestrogen receptor mediated transcription and DNA repair

Project description:Oestrogen receptor-α (ER) is the principal transcription factor in the majority of breast cancers, driving expression of genes that control cell growth and endocrine response. Understanding the mechanisms of ER action is crucial for improving response to endocrine treatments. Recent studies show that cytosine deaminase (CD) activity is an important source of cancer mutations. In particular, APOBEC3B (A3B) promotes mutagenesis in breast cancer cells1. Our analysis of breast cancer expression datasets showed that A3B expression predicts for poor survival in ER-positive, but not in ER-negative patients, indicative of a link with ER activity. Chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled to deep sequencing (ChIP-seq) used to map global A3B binding sites showed a remarkable oestrogen-stimulated recruitment of A3B to ER binding sites. Functionally, A3B was critical for ER transcriptional activity and regulated breast cancer cell proliferation. We show that A3B regulates ER transcription by promoting cytosine deamination and activation of DNA strand break repair at ER binding regions. We propose that cytosine deamination and DNA strand break generation by A3B facilitates gene expression by aiding chromatin remodeling at ER target genes. Our findings also suggest a mechanism by which subversion of transcription factor mediated recruitment of cytosine deaminases promotes cancer mutations.

2015-09-30 | GSE56979 | GEO

Dynamic methylation and expression of alternative promoters for oestrogen receptor alpha in cell line models of fulvestrant resistance

Project description:Oestrogen receptor alpha (ER, gene symbol ESR1) is the most important prognostic and treatment-predictive biomarker in breast cancer. Drugs targeting oestrogen and the ER for endocrine therapy of breast cancer include aromatase inhibitors, the selective ER modulator tamoxifen and the selective ER degrader fulvestrant. Tumours can develop resistance to endocrine therapy through several mechanisms, which is often linked to altered expression of the ER. To investigate the role of promoter methylation in regulation of ER expression, we used bisulfite sequencing to measure methylation at CpG sites in alternative ER promoter regions for six cell line models of fulvestrant resistance. Both CpG methylation and expression of alternative first exons changed dynamically with striking differences between cell lines that had stable or unstable resistance upon fulvestrant withdrawal. Methylation at some CpG sites was strongly negatively correlated with expression of specific first exons. In a breast tumour cohort, higher relative expression of upstream alternative first exons was associated with worse prognosis in post-menopausal women with ER-positive tumours who received endocrine therapy.

2024-08-06 | GSE251791 | GEO

Comparing oestrogen-responsive genes in endometrial and breast cancer cell lines

Project description:Up to 80% of endometrial and breast cancers express the oestrogen receptor ERa. Unlike breast cancer, anti-oestrogen therapy has had limited success in endometrial cancer, raising the possibility that oestrogen has different effects in the two cancer types. We investigated the role of oestrogen in endometrial and breast cancers using cell lines and found that oestrogen-responsive genes were predominantly unique between the two cancer types.

2018-08-29 | GSE107693 | GEO

Oestrogen promotes innate immune invasion of Candida albicans through inactivation of complement

Project description:Candida albicans is a commensal of the urogenital tract and the predominant cause of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC). Roughly, 70% of otherwise healthy women succumb to VVC at least once in their life time. Elevated oestrogen levels are associated with C. albicans colonisation of the vagina and symptomatic infection. However, little is known about how C. albicans adapts to oestrogen. Here, we investigate how adaptation of C. albicans to elevated concentrations of oestrogen on the C. albicans host-pathogen interaction. Growth of C. albicans in physiological relevant concentrations of oestrogen promoted fungal innate immune evasion through reduction of both macrophage and neutrophil phagocytosis. Oestrogen-induced innate immune evasion was mediated via inhibition of opsonophagocytosis through enhanced Gpd2 dependent acquisition of Factor H on the fungal cell surface. The zebrafish larval model of infection confirmed that in vivo oestrogen and Gpd2 promote pathogenicity. Understanding the impact of oestrogen on C. albicans host-pathogen interaction will help improve our knowledge on how oestrogen promotes VVC.

2022-01-04 | GSE145240 | GEO

Differential oestrogen receptor binding is associated with clinical outcome in breast cancer

Project description:Oestrogen receptor-a (ER) is the defining and driving transcrip- tion factor in the majority of breast cancers and its target genes dictate cell growth and endocrine response, yet genomic under- standing of ER function has been restricted to model systems13. Here we map genome-wide ER-binding events, by chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by high-throughput sequencing (ChIP-seq), in primary breast cancers from patients with different clinical outcomes and in distant ER-positive metastases. We find that drug-resistant cancers still recruit ER to the chromatin, but that ER binding is a dynamic process, with the acquisition of unique ER-binding regions in tumours from patients that are likely to relapse. The acquired ER regulatory regions associated with poor clinical outcome observed in primary tumours reveal gene signatures that predict clinical outcome in ER-positive disease exclusively. We find that the differential ER-binding programme observed in tumours from patients with poor outcome is not due to the selection of a rare subpopulation of cells, but is due to the FOXA1-mediated reprogramming of ER binding on a rapid time- scale. The parallel redistribution of ER and FOXA1 cis-regulatory elements in drug-resistant cellular contexts is supported by histological co-expression of ER and FOXA1 in metastatic samples. By establishing transcription-factor mapping in primary tumour material, we show that there is plasticity in ER-binding capacity, with distinct combinations of cis-regulatory elements linked with the different clinical outcomes.

2012-01-04 | GSE32222 | GEO

Oestrogen Activates the MAP3K1 Cascade and -catenin to Promote Granulosa-Like Cell Fate in a Human Testis-Derived Cell Line

Project description:: Sex determination triggers the differentiation of the bi-potential gonad into either an ovary or testis. In non-mammalian vertebrates, the presence or absence of oestrogen dictates gonad differ-entiation, while in mammals, this mechanism has been supplanted by the testis determining SRY gene. Exogenous oestrogen can override this genetic trigger to shift somatic cell fate in the gonad towards ovarian developmental pathways by limiting the bioavailability of the key testis factor SOX9 within somatic cells. Our previous work has implicated the MAPK pathway in mediating the rapid cellular response to oestrogen. We performed proteomic and phosphoproteomic anal-yses to investigate the precise mechanism through which oestrogen impacts these pathways to ac-tivate -catenin—a factor essential for ovarian development. We show that oestrogen can activate -catenin within 30 minutes, concomitant with the cytoplasmic retention of SOX9. This occurs through changes to the MAP3K1 cascade, suggesting this pathway is a mechanism through which oestrogen influences gonad somatic cell fate. We demonstrate that oestrogen can promote the shift from SOX9 pro-testis activity to -catenin pro-ovary activity through activation of MAP3K1. Our findings define a previously unknown mechanism through which oestrogen can promote a switch in gonad somatic cell fate and provided novel insights into the impacts of exogenous oestrogen exposure on the testis.

2022-02-17 | PXD026927 | Pride

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