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Transcriptomic analysis of H. perforatum L. pistils for the identification of genes related to aposporous apomixis.

ABSTRACT: Apomixis defines a number of reproductive strategies, which, unlike sexual reproduction, permit the inheritance of the maternal genome over generations without genetic recombination events. The key biological features of apomixis are the failure of meiosis (i.e., apomeiosis), the differentiation of unreduced embryo sacs and eggs, and their autonomous development in functional embryos through parthenogenesis and the formation of viable endosperm either via fertilization-independent means or following fertilization with a sperm cell (Koltunow and Grossniklaus 2003). Recently gained biological information has shown that H. perforatum is an attractive model system for the study of a naturally occurring form of asexual reproduction called aposporous apomixis, This research describes a global gene expression analysis of H. perforatum ovaries collected from sexual and aposporous plant accessions for the purpose of identifying genes and processes potentially associated with aposporous apomixis in this model species.

ORGANISM(S): Hypericum perforatum

PROVIDER: GSE84768 | GEO | 2017/03/08

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA331107

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Gibel carp (Carassius gibelio) is a cyprinid fish that originated in eastern Eurasia and is considered as invasive in European freshwater ecosystems. The populations of gibel carp in Europe are mostly composed of asexually reproducing triploid females (i.e., reproducing by gynogenesis) and sexually reproducing diploid females and males. Although some cases of coexisting sexual and asexual reproductive forms are known in vertebrates, the molecular mechanisms maintaining such coexistence are still in question. Both reproduction modes are supposed to exhibit evolutionary and ecological advantages and disadvantages. To better understand the coexistence of these two reproduction strategies, we performed transcriptome profile analysis of gonad tissues (ovaries), and studied the differentially expressed reproduction-associated genes in sexual and asexual females. We used high-throughput RNA sequencing to generate transcriptomic profiles of gonadal tissues of triploid asexual females and males, diploid sexual males and females of gibel carp, as well as diploid individuals from two closely-related species, C. auratus and Cyprinus carpio. Using SNP clustering, we showed the close similarity of C. gibelio and C. auratus with a basal position of C. carpio to both Carassius species. Using transcriptome profile analyses, we showed that many genes and pathways are involved in both gynogenetic and sexual reproduction in C. gibelio; however, we also found that 1500 genes, including 100 genes involved in cell cycle control, meiosis, oogenesis, embryogenesis, fertilization, steroid hormone signaling and biosynthesis were differently expressed in the ovaries of asexual and sexual females. We suggest that the overall downregulation of reproduction-associated pathways in asexual females, and their maintenance in sexual ones, allow for their stable coexistence, integrating the evolutionary and ecological advantages and disadvantages of the two reproductive forms. However, we showed that many sexual-reproduction-related genes are maintained and expressed in asexual females, suggesting that gynogenetic gibel carp retains the genetic toolkits for meiosis and sexual reproduction. These findings shed new light on the evolution of this asexual and sexual complex.

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Transcriptomic analysis of H. perforatum L. pistils for the identification of genes related to aposporous apomixis.

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