Characterization of peroxisome-associated transcriptome
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE84972 | GEO | 2016/07/29
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA335769
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:This is a pioneer genome-wide study of localization of mRNAs to peroxisomes. The findings suggest that translation of a subset of peroxiomal proteins and other cellular metabolic enzymes may be spatially regulated by directing their encoding mRNAs to the surface of peroxisomes. The study provides foundation for more detailed dissection of mechanisms of RNA targeting to subcellular compartments. In this study we performed the genome-wide transcriptome analysis of peroxisome preparations from the mouse liver using microarrays. We demonstrate that RNA is absent inside peroxisomes, however it is associated at their exterior via the noncovalent contacts with the membrane proteins. We detect enrichment of specific sets of transcripts in two preparations of peroxisomes, purified with different degrees of stringency. Importantly, among these were mRNAs encoding bona fide peroxisomal proteins, such as peroxins and peroxisomal matrix enzymes involved in beta-oxidation of fatty acids and bile acid biosynthesis. Two subcellular fractions were obtained from the mouse liver by centrifugation in iodixanol density gradient: 1) Peroxisomal (PX), 2) Mitochondrial/Lysosomal (ML). The membrane-enclosed peroxisomal fraction (PX-IP) was obtained by immuno-precispitation of the PX fraction with the PMP70-specific antibodies. RNA was extracted from each fraction. Additionally, the total cellular RNA was obtained from the whole cell extracts (T). Thus, four RNA sample types were obtained for gene expression analysis: T, ML, PX, PI. Three technical replicates of each sample ware analyzed with Illumina microarrays.
2016-07-29 | E-GEOD-84972 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Adaptation of eukaryotic cells to anaerobic condition is reflected by deep changes in mitochondrial metabolism and their functional reduction. The most modified types of mitochondria are hydrogenosomes that generate molecular hydrogen with concomitant ATP synthesis and mitosome that completely lost energy metabolism. The reduction of mitochondria is associated with loss of peroxisomes that evolved from ER to compartmentalize pathways generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) and thus prevent cellular oxidative damage. Biogenesis and function of peroxisomes is tightly coupled with mitochondria. They share the fission machinery, pathways of oxidative metabolism, ROS scavenging, and metabolic products. The loss of peroxisomes in anaerobic eukaryotes with reduced mitochondria is thus not unexpected. Surprisingly, we identified peroxisomes in anaerobic, hydrogenosome bearing protist Mastigamoeba balamuthi. Initially, we identified conserved set of peroxisomal proteins peroxins that are required for protein import, peroxisomal growth and division. Key membrane associated peroxins (MbPex3, MbPex11, and MbPex14) were visualized in numerous vesicles that were distinct from hydrogenosomes, ER and Golgi body. Proteomic analysis of cellular fractions and prediction of peroxisomal targeting signals (PTS1/PTS2) allows identification of 51 putative peroxisomal matrix proteins. Expression of selected proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae revealed that they are specifically targeted to yeast peroxisomes. Matrix protein includes components of acyl CoA and carbohydrate metabolism, pyrimidine and CoA biosynthesis, whereas neither components of β-oxidation nor catalase were present. In conclusion, we identified new subclass of peroxisomes named “anaerobic” peroxisome that shifts the current paradigm and rises attention to reductive evolution of peroxisomes in anaerobic organisms.
2020-03-04 | PXD014205 | Pride
Project description:Peroxisomes are organelles that are crucial for cellular metabolism. However, these organelles play also important roles in non-metabolic processes, such as signalling. To uncover the consequences of peroxisome deficiency, we compared two extremes, namely Saccharomyces cerevisiae wild-type and pex3 cells, which lack functional peroxisomes, employing transcriptomics and quantitative proteomics technology. Cells were grown on acetate, a carbon source that involves peroxisomal enzymes of the glyoxylate cycle and does not repress peroxisomal proteins. Transcripts of peroxisomal β-oxidation genes and the corresponding proteins were enhanced in pex3 cells. Peroxisome-deficiency also caused reduced levels of membrane bound peroxins, while the soluble receptors Pex5 and Pex7 were enhanced at the protein level. In addition, we observed alterations in non-peroxisomal transcripts and proteins, especially mitochondrial proteins involved in respiration or import processes. Our results not only reveal the impact of the absence of peroxisomes in yeast, but also represent a rich resource of candidate genes/proteins that are relevant in peroxisome biology.
2024-05-01 | GSE261289 | GEO
Project description:Crucial metabolic functions of peroxisomes rely on a variety of peroxisomal membrane proteins (PMPs). While mRNA transcripts of PMPs were shown to be colocalized with peroxisomes, the process by which PMPs efficiently couple translation with targeting to the peroxisomal membrane remained elusive. Here, we combine quantitative electron microscopy with proximity-specific ribosome profiling and reveal that translation of specific PMPs occurs on the surface of peroxisomes in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This places peroxisomes alongside chloroplasts, mitochondria, and the endoplasmic reticulum as organelles that use localized translation for ensuring correct insertion of hydrophobic proteins into their membranes. Moreover, the correct targeting of these transcripts to peroxisomes is crucial for peroxisomal and cellular function, emphasizing the importance of localized translation for cellular physiology.
2022-01-12 | GSE113567 | GEO
Project description:Peroxisomal Biogenesis Disorders (PBDs) are genetic disorders of peroxisome biogenesis and metabolism that are characterized by profound developmental and neurological phenotypes. The most severe class of PBDs—Zellweger Spectrum Disorder (ZSD)—is caused by mutations in peroxin genes that result in both non-functional peroxisomes and mitochondrial dysfunction. It is unclear, however, how defective peroxisomes contribute to mitochondrial impairment. In order to understand the molecular basis of this inter-organellar relationship, we investigated the fate of peroxisomal mRNAs and proteins in ZSD model systems. We found that peroxins were still expressed and a subset of them accumulated on the mitochondrial membrane, which resulted in gross mitochondrial abnormalities and impaired mitochondrial metabolic function. We showed that overexpression of ATAD1, a mitochondrial quality control factor, was sufficient to rescue several aspects of mitochondrial function in human ZSD fibroblasts. Together, these data suggest that aberrant peroxisomal protein localization is necessary and sufficient for the devastating mitochondrial morphological and metabolic phenotypes in ZSDs.
2021-06-13 | GSE159869 | GEO
Project description:Peroxisomes are membrane-bound organelles that help cells specialize their metabolism. In humans, peroxisomes are required for normal development, yet the genes regulating peroxisome function remain unclear. Thus, we performed a genome-wide CRISPRi screen to identify novel factors involved in peroxisomal homeostasis. We found that transcriptional inhibition of RNF146, an E3 ligase activated by poly(ADP-ribose), dramatically reduced the import of proteins into peroxisomes. The observed RNF146-mediated loss of peroxisome import depended on the stabilization and activity of the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase tankyrase, which binds the peroxisomal membrane protein PEX14. We propose a model in which RNF146 and tankyrase regulate peroxisome import efficiency by tuning PARsylation of proteins at the peroxisome membrane. Interestingly, we found that perturbations to peroxisomes altered tankyrase’s selection of substrates, including the beta-catenin destruction complex component AXIN1. The loss of peroxisomes caused tankyrase and RNF146-dependent degradation of AXIN1 and a concomitant increase of beta-catenin transcription. Together, these observations not only suggest previously undescribed roles for RNF146 in peroxisomal regulation, but also a novel role in bridging peroxisome function with Wnt/beta-catenin signaling during development.
2024-06-01 | GSE266892 | GEO
Project description:Peroxisomes are membrane-bound organelles that help cells specialize their metabolism. In humans, peroxisomes are required for normal development, yet the genes regulating peroxisome function remain unclear. Thus, we performed a genome-wide CRISPRi screen to identify novel factors involved in peroxisomal homeostasis. We found that transcriptional inhibition of RNF146, an E3 ligase activated by poly(ADP-ribose), dramatically reduced the import of proteins into peroxisomes. The observed RNF146-mediated loss of peroxisome import depended on the stabilization and activity of the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase tankyrase, which binds the peroxisomal membrane protein PEX14. We propose a model in which RNF146 and tankyrase regulate peroxisome import efficiency by tuning PARsylation of proteins at the peroxisome membrane. Interestingly, we found that perturbations to peroxisomes altered tankyrase’s selection of substrates, including the beta-catenin destruction complex component AXIN1. The loss of peroxisomes caused tankyrase and RNF146-dependent degradation of AXIN1 and a concomitant increase of beta-catenin transcription. Together, these observations not only suggest previously undescribed roles for RNF146 in peroxisomal regulation, but also a novel role in bridging peroxisome function with Wnt/beta-catenin signaling during development.
2024-06-01 | GSE266855 | GEO
Project description:This project sought to identify the features in PEX5 required for interaction with the peroxisomal PEX2-PEX10-PEX12 ubiquitin ligase complex. Peroxisomes equilibrated with different PEX5 mutants (i.e., C11A, AH1, AH2) were purified from Xenopus egg extract, solubilized in digitonin, and PEX5-associated material was immunoprecipitated via a C-terminal FLAG tag. PEX5 without a FLAG tag was used as a negative control. PEX5-interacting peroxins were identified by LC-MS/MS at the Taplin Mass Spectrometry Facility at Harvard Medical School.
2022-08-16 | PXD035105 | Pride
Project description:We identified that peroxins were still expressed in Zellweger Spectrum Disorder (ZSD) and a subset of them accumulated on the mitochondrial membrane, which resulted in gross mitochondrial abnormalities and impaired mitochondrial metabolic function. In this complexome analysis we detected several peroxins in the mitochondrial fraction in the absence of functional peroxisomes and that this accumulation is exacerbated by the loss of the mitochondrial extractase Msp1. In addition, we observed that specific peroxisomal matrix proteins localize to the mitochondria, which suggest that a functional peroxisomal docking and import complex assembles on the mitochondria in the absence of peroxisomes.
2021-06-25 | PXD024625 | Pride
Project description:Human peroxisome biogenesis disorders are lethal genetic disease in which abnormal peroxisome assembly compromises overall peroxisome and cellular function. Peroxisomes are ubiquitous membrane-bound organelles involved in several important biochemical processes, notably lipid metabolism and the use of reactive oxygen species for detoxification. Using cultured cells, we systematically characterized the peroxisome assembly phenotypes associated with dsRNA-mediated knockdown of 14 predicted Drosophila homologs of PEX genes (encoding peroxins; required for peroxisome assembly and linked to peroxisome biogenesis disorders), and confirmed that at least 13 of them are required for normal peroxisome assembly. We also demonstrate the relevance of Drosophila as a genetic model for the early developmental defects associated with the human peroxisome biogenesis disorders. Mutation of the PEX1 gene is the most common cause of peroxisome biogenesis disorders and is one of the causes of the most severe form of the disease, Zellweger syndrome. Inherited mutations in Drosophila Pex1 correlate with reproducible defects during early development. Notably, Pex1 mutant larvae exhibit abnormalities that are analogous to those exhibited by Zellweger syndrome patients, including developmental delay, poor feeding, severe structural abnormalities in the peripheral and central nervous systems, and early death. Finally, microarray analysis defined clusters of genes whose expression varied significantly between wild-type and mutant larvae, implicating peroxisomal function in neuronal development, innate immunity, lipid and protein metabolism, gamete formation, and meiosis. Expression profiles were analyzed in triplicate from whole larvae of wild-type and pex1 homozygous mutant Drosophila.
2011-07-02 | E-GEOD-30362 | biostudies-arrayexpress