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Molecular Analysis of Sink Limited Soybeans

ABSTRACT: Soybean plants that do not produce a sink, such as depodded or male sterile plants, exhibit physiological and morphological changes during the reproductive stages, including increased levels of nitrogen and starch in the leaves and a delayed senescence. To identify transcriptional changes that occur in leaves of sink-limited plants, we used RNAseq to compare gene expression levels in trifoliate leaves from depodded and ms6 male sterile plants and control plants. In sink-limited tissues, we observed a deferral of the expression of senescence-associated genes and a continued high expression of genes associated with the maturity phase of leaf development. We identified GO-terms associated with growth and development and storage protein in sink limited tissues. We also identified that the bHLH. ARFs, and SBP transcription factors were expressed in sink limited tissues while the senescing control leaves expressed WRKY and NAC transcription factors. We identified genes that were not expressed during normal leaf development but highly expressed in sink-limited plants, including the D4 “non-yellowing” gene. These changes highlighted several metabolic pathways that were involved in distinct modes of resource parttioning in the “stay green” leaves.

ORGANISM(S): Glycine max

PROVIDER: GSE85714 | GEO | 2017/07/20

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA339152

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Responses to altered source–sink balance have been characterized in many crops at the physiological level, but the underlying genetic and molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. Detailed transcriptional profiling was performed in partially defoliated and shaded tomato plants to explore the effect of reduced source-to-sink ratio on molecular changes in the remaining source leaves. Transcription profiles of the remaining leaves 48 h after partial defoliation or partial shading were compared to leaves of control plants. Common significantly altered genes in the two treatments were assumed to be related to the reduced source-to-sink ratio. Sets of major genes in the abscisic acid, ethylene and gibberellin signal-transduction pathways were downregulated by both treatments. On the other hand, genes encoding cytokinin biosynthesis were upregulated. Most genes coding for transcription factors were also downregulated, especially those related to biotic and abiotic stress responses. Perhaps the most pronounced effect of reduced source-to-sink ratio was related to genes involved in the regulation of photosynthetic activity. Numerous genes coding for light-harvesting proteins, as well as those encoding plastocyanin, ferredoxin and ferredoxin NADP+ oxidoreductase were upregulated. Direct spectrophotometric analyses showed higher maximal potential activity of photosystem I with reduced source-to-sink ratio. As expected, the increased capacity for photosynthetic activity was associated with upregulation of almost all genes coding for the Calvin–Benson cycle and those encoding ATP biosynthesis in the mitochondria. Numerous transcriptional changes were observed 48 h after reducing source-to-sink ratio. Major genes in the photosynthetic-activity pathways were upregulated, whereas those in the pathways of defense mechanisms and responses to stress were downregulated. Genes involved in leaf senescence were also downregulated, suggesting that in addition to increased photosynthetic activity, the remaining leaves undergo a process of rejuvenation.

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Molecular Analysis of Sink Limited Soybeans

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