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Expression data from transgenic mice (3 mo) inducibly expressing human alpha1-antitrypsin in the liver

ABSTRACT: In the classical form of α1antitrypsin deficiency a mutant protein accumulates in a polymerized form in the ER of liver cells causing liver damage and carcinogenesis by a gain-of-toxic function mechanism. Recent studies have indicated that the accumulation of mutant α1antitrypsin Z in the ER specifically activates the autophagic response but not the unfolded protein response and that autophagy plays a critical role in disposal of insoluble α1antitrypsin Z. In this study, we used genomic analysis of the liver in a novel transgenic mouse model with inducible expression to screen for changes in gene expression that would potentially define how the liver responds to accumulation of this mutant protein. Keywords: genomic analysis, alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency, comparative study, adult animals, inducible expression, liver specific

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE8599 | GEO | 2007/07/26

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA101761

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Transcription profiling of mouse transgenics (3 mo) inducibly expresssing human alpha1-antitrypsin in the liver

Project description:In the classical form of Î±1antitrypsin deficiency a mutant protein accumulates in a polymerized form in the ER of liver cells causing liver damage and carcinogenesis by a gain-of-toxic function mechanism. Recent studies have indicated that the accumulation of mutant Î±1antitrypsin Z in the ER specifically activates the autophagic response but not the unfolded protein response and that autophagy plays a critical role in disposal of insoluble Î±1antitrypsin Z. In this study, we used genomic analysis of the liver in a novel transgenic mouse model with inducible expression to screen for changes in gene expression that would potentially define how the liver responds to accumulation of this mutant protein. Experiment Overall Design: Liver RNA from adult (3 mo old) male mice inducibly expressing human alpha1-antitrypsin wild type (M) or mutant (Z) form exclusively in the liver was subjected to genomic analysis. Groups: mutant AAT (Z), wild type AAT (M), expressing (4), non-expressing (1), wild type littermates (WT); 3 biological replicates/each group

2008-06-16 | E-GEOD-8599 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Transcription profiling of mouse (6 wk) inducibly expresssing human alpha1-antitrypsin in the liver

Project description:In the classical form of Î±1antitrypsin deficiency a mutant protein accumulates in a polymerized form in the ER of liver cells causing liver damage and carcinogenesis by a gain-of-toxic function mechanism. Recent studies have indicated that the accumulation of mutant Î±1antitrypsin Z in the ER specifically activates the autophagic response but not the unfolded protein response and that autophagy plays a critical role in disposal of insoluble Î±1antitrypsin Z. In this study, we used genomic analysis of the liver in a novel transgenic mouse model with inducible expression to screen for changes in gene expression that would potentially define how the liver responds to accumulation of this mutant protein. Experiment Overall Design: Liver RNA from juvenile (6 wk old) male mice inducibly expressing human alpha1-antitrypsin wild type (M) or mutant (Z) form exclusively in the liver was subjected to genomic analysis. Groups: mutant AAT (Z), wild type AAT (M), expressing (4), non-expressing (1); 3 biological replicates/each group. Experiment Overall Design: Groups: mutant AAT (Z), wild type AAT (M), expressing (4), non-expressing (1); 3 biological replicates/each group, all males, 6 weeks of age

2008-06-16 | E-GEOD-8600 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Expression data from transgenic mice (6 wk) inducibly expressing human alpha1-antitrypsin in the liver

Project description:In the classical form of α1antitrypsin deficiency a mutant protein accumulates in a polymerized form in the ER of liver cells causing liver damage and carcinogenesis by a gain-of-toxic function mechanism. Recent studies have indicated that the accumulation of mutant α1antitrypsin Z in the ER specifically activates the autophagic response but not the unfolded protein response and that autophagy plays a critical role in disposal of insoluble α1antitrypsin Z. In this study, we used genomic analysis of the liver in a novel transgenic mouse model with inducible expression to screen for changes in gene expression that would potentially define how the liver responds to accumulation of this mutant protein. Keywords: genomic analysis

2007-07-26 | GSE8600 | GEO

Calreticulin enhances the secretory trafficking of a polymerogenic alpha1-antitrypsin

Project description:α-1-antitrypsin (AAT) regulates protease activity in the lungs and liver. The presence of one or more copies of a mutant Z allele (AAT (E342K), called ATZ), results in low serum levels of ATZ along with intracellular inclusions of polymeric forms, causing lung emphysema and liver cirrhosis. Our experiments show that calreticulin (CRT), an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) glycoprotein chaperone, promotes the secretory trafficking of ATZ, enhancing the media to cell ratio. This effect is more specific for ATZ compared with AAT, and is only partially dependent on the glycan-binding site of CRT. The CRT-related chaperone calnexin (CNX) does not promote enhanced ATZ secretory trafficking, despite the higher cellular abundance of CNX-ATZ complexes. CRT deficiency alters the distributions of ATZ-ER chaperone complexes, increasing ATZ-BiP binding and inclusion body (IB) formation, and reducing ATZ interactions with components required for ER-Golgi trafficking. These findings indicate a novel role for CRT in promoting the secretory trafficking of a polymerogenic protein. Inefficient secretory trafficking of ATZ in the absence of CRT is coincident with enhanced accumulation of ER-derived ATZ IBs.

2020-09-24 | PXD020562 | Pride

Mice inflammatory responses to inhaled aerosolized LPS: effects of various forms of human alpha1-antitrypsin

Project description:Characterize how Balb/c mice responses to aerosolized LPS (lipopolysaccharide) alone or with intraperitoneal (i.p.) delivery of alpha1-antitrypsin (AAT)

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Curative and beta cell regenerative effects of alpha1 antitrypsin treatment in autoimmune diabetic NOD mice

Project description:In this study, we performed the gene expression analysis of the Normal, Diabetic and AAT treated NOD mice to elucidate the transcriptional changes induced by AAT. This will assist in identifying the biological processes / pathways involved in curative mechanism of AAT. Keywords: alpha1 antitrypsin treatment

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Intracellular processing of alpha1-antitrypsin.

Project description:α(1)-Antitrypsin (AAT) secreted from hepatocytes is an inhibitor of neutrophil elastase. Its normal circulating concentration functions to maintain the elasticity of the lung by preventing the hydrolytic destruction of elastin fibers. Severely diminished circulating concentrations of AAT, resulting from the impaired secretion of genetic variants that exhibit distinct polypeptide folding defects, can function as an etiologic agent for the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In addition, the inappropriate accumulation of structurally aberrant AAT within the hepatocyte endoplasmic reticulum can contribute to the etiology of liver disease. This article focuses on the discovery and characterization of a biosynthetic quality control system that contributes to the secretion of AAT by first facilitating its proper structural maturation, and then by orchestrating the selective elimination of those molecules that fail to attain structural maturation. Mechanistic elucidation of these interconnected quality control events recently led to the identification of an underlying genetic modifier capable of accelerating the onset of end-stage liver disease by impairing the efficiency of an initial step in the protein disposal process.

| S-EPMC3136957 | biostudies-literature

Expression data from mice bladder with MB49-induced cancer treated with alpha1-oleate.

Project description:Potent chemotherapeutic agents are required to counteract the aggressive behavior of cancer cells and patients often experience severe side effects, due to tissue toxicity. This study addresses if a better balance between efficacy and toxicity can be attained using the tumoricidal complex alpha1-oleate, formed by a synthetic, alpha-helical peptide comprising the N-terminal 39 amino acids of alpha-lactalbumin and the fatty acid oleic acid. Bladder cancer was established, by intra-vesical instillation of MB49 cells on day 0 and the treatment group received five instillations of alpha1-oleate (1.7-17mM) on days 3-11. A dose-dependent reduction in tumor size, bladder size and bladder weight was recorded in the alpha1-oleate treated group, compared to sham-treated mice. Tumor markers Ki-67, Cyclin D1 and VEGF were inhibited in a dose-dependent manner, as was the expression of cancer-related genes. Remarkably, toxicity for healthy tissue was not detected in alpha1-oleate-treated, tumor bearing mice or in healthy mice or rabbits, challenged with increasing doses of the active complex. The results define a dose-dependent therapeutic effect of alpha1-oleate in a murine bladder cancer model.

2020-04-09 | GSE148308 | GEO

Cargo receptor-assisted endoplasmic reticulum export of pathogenic α1-antitrypsin polymers

Project description:Background: Circulating polymers of alpha1-antitrypsin (α1AT) are chemo-attractant for neutrophils and contribute to inflammation in pulmonary, vascular and adipose tissues. Cellular factors affecting the intracellular itinerary of mutant polymerogenic α1AT remain obscure. Methods: Here, we report on an unbiased genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screen for regulators of trafficking of the polymerogenic α1AT-H334D variant. Single guide RNAs targeting genes whose inactivation enhanced accumulation of polymeric α1AT were enriched by iterative construction of CRISPR libraries based on genomic DNA from fixed cells selected for high polymer content by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. This approach bypassed the limitation to conventional enrichment schemes imposed by cell fixation. Results: Our screen identified 121 genes involved in polymer retention at false discovery rate < 0.1. From that set of genes, the pathway ‘cargo loading into COPII-coated vesicles’ was overrepresented with 16 significant genes, including two transmembrane cargo receptors, LMAN1 (ERGIG-53) and SURF4. LMAN1 and SURF4-disrupted cells displayed a secretion defect extended beyond α1AT monomers to polymers, whose low-level secretion was especially dependent on SURF4 and correlated with SURF4-α1AT-H334D physical interaction and with enhanced co-localisation of polymeric α1AT-H334D with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Conclusions: These findings suggest that ER cargo receptors co-ordinate intracellular progression of α1AT out of the ER and modulate the accumulation of polymeric α1AT not only by controlling the concentration of precursor monomers but also through a previously-unrecognised role in secretion of the polymers themselves.

2021-06-02 | GSE158574 | GEO

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