Extensive Supporting Cell Proliferation and Mitotic Hair Cell Generation by In Vivo Genetic Reprogramming in the Neonatal Mouse Cochlea
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE86204 | GEO | 2016/08/30
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA340885
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Strategies to overcome irreversible cochlear hair cell (HC) damage and loss are of vital importance to develop a treatment for hearing loss. HC regeneration in adult cochlea relies on a two-phase process: 1) Reprogramming mature cochlear (SCs) to regain the properties of their younger selves; 2) Activating Atoh1, a gene responsible for HC fate-determining, in the reprogrammed adult SCs for HC regeneration. We have shown that, by transient co-activation of Myc and NICD (Notch1 intracellular domain), the adult mouse cochlea can be successfully reprogrammed to a relatively younger stage and regain progenitor capacity, with the regeneration of HCs following Atoh1 overexpression in vitro and in vivo. To identify molecules to reprogram mature cochlear SCs, we utilized single-cell RNA sequencing and uncovered the pathways and their target genes underlying MYC/NICD-mediated reprogramming. We used an in-house adult cochlea explant culture system and carried out single-cell RNA sequencing to examine the gene expression profiles of cochlear explants from a transgenic mouse model, rtTa/tet-Myc/-tet-NICD, in response to Dox-induced MYC/NICD co-activation. We have shown that a 4-day treatment by Dox in cultured adult rtTa/tetMyc/-tet-NICD cochleae was sufficient to reprogram adult SCs for HC regeneration.
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Project description:During male development, the testes move from a high intraabdominal position and descend into the scrotum. The gubernaculum, an inguinoscrotal ligament connecting the testis to the lower abdomen, is believed to play a critical role in this process. The first stage of testicular descent is controlled by INSL3, insulin like3 hormone, produced in testicular Leydig cells. Deletion of Insl3 or its receptor, Rxfp2, in mice causes cryptorchidism. We produced Cre/loxP regulated shRNA transgenic mice targeting RXFP2 expression. We have shown that the transgene was able to reduce Rxfp2 gene expression and thus behaved as a hypomorphic allele of Rxfp2. Variable degrees of uni-and bilateral cryptorchidism was detected in males with the activated shRNA transgene on an Rxfp2+/- background. Conditional suppression of Rxfp2 in the gubernaculum led to cryptorchidism. Gene expression analysis of a mutant cremasteric sac using Illumina microarrays indicated abnormal expression of a significant number of genes in Wnt/β-catenin and Notch pathways. We have demonstrated profound changes in the expression pattern of β-catenin, Notch1, desmin, and androgen receptor (AR) in Rxfp2-/- male embryos, indicating the role of INSL3 in proliferation, differentiation, and survival of specific cellular components of the gubernaculum. We have shown that INSL3/RXFP2 signaling is essential for myogenic differentiation and maintenance of AR-positive cells in the gubernaculum. Males with the deletion of β-catenin or Notch1 in the gubernacular ligament demonstrated abnormal development. Our data indicates that β-catenin and Notch pathways are potential targets of INSL3 signaling during gubernacular development. Total RNA obtained from the cremasteric sac of cryptorchid Tg(shRxfp1) males compared to the wild-type control cremasteric sac.
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2009-05-13 | E-GEOD-15232 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The regulation of multipotent cardiac progenitor cell (CPC) expansion and subsequent differentiation into cardiomyocytes, smooth muscle, or endothelial cells is a fundamental aspect of basic cardiovascular biology and cardiac regenerative medicine. However, the mechanisms governing these decisions remain unclear. Here, we show that Wnt/β-Catenin signaling, which promotes expansion of CPCs, is negatively regulated by Notch1-mediated control of phosphorylated β-Catenin accumulation within CPCs, and that Notch1 activity in CPCs is required for their differentiation. Notch1 positively, and β-Catenin negatively, regulated expression of the cardiac transcription factors, Isl1, Myocd and Smyd1. Surprisingly, disruption of Isl1, normally expressed transiently in CPCs prior to their differentiation, resulted in expansion of CPCs in vivo and in an embryonic stem (ES) cell system. Furthermore, Isl1 was required for CPC differentiation into cardiomyocyte and smooth muscle cells, but not endothelial cells. These findings reveal a regulatory network controlling CPC expansion and cell fate that involve unanticipated functions of β-Catenin, Notch1 and Isl1 that may be leveraged for regenerative approaches involving CPCs.
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Project description:Notch activation is instrumental in the development of most T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) cases, yet Notch mutations alone are not sufficient to recapitulate the full human disease in animal models. Using multiple in vivo and in vitro T-ALL models we here demonstrate that β-Catenin is essential for Notch-driven T-cell leukemic initiation. Transcriptome analyses of leukemic initiating cells revealed a switch in β-Catenin activity that was Notch-context dependent. Moreover, ChIP-seq coupled with RNA-Seq in human Notch-active T-ALL showed that leukemic β-Catenin was independent of canonical LEF/TCF partners, and instead depended on direct association with Notch or ZBTB33/Kaiso for gene activation. The functional relevance of this mechanism is exemplified by the MYC 3´enhancer that requires β-Catenin and Notch1 recruitment to induce MYC expression. Finally, we demonstrate that pharmacological inhibition of β-Catenin with PKF115-584 prevented and partially reverted leukemogenesis induced by active Notch1. These microarray data show the transcriptional activities of N1IC and β-Catenin in wild-type or leukemic initiating cell (LIC) contexts in N1IC-transduced adult Lineage-depleted BM cells.
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Project description:Notch activation is instrumental in the development of most T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) cases, yet Notch mutations alone are not sufficient to recapitulate the full human disease in animal models. Using multiple in vivo and in vitro T-ALL models we here demonstrate that β-Catenin is essential for Notch-driven T-cell leukemic initiation. Transcriptome analyses of leukemic initiating cells revealed a switch in β-Catenin activity that was Notch-context dependent. Moreover, ChIP-seq coupled with RNA-Seq in human Notch-active T-ALL showed that leukemic β-Catenin was independent of canonical LEF/TCF partners, and instead depended on direct association with Notch or ZBTB33/Kaiso for gene activation. The functional relevance of this mechanism is exemplified by the MYC 3´enhancer that requires β-Catenin and Notch1 recruitment to induce MYC expression. Finally, we demonstrate that pharmacological inhibition of β-Catenin with PKF115-584 prevented and partially reverted leukemogenesis induced by active Notch1. These microarray data show the transcriptional activities of N1IC and β-Catenin in wild-type or leukemic initiating cell (LIC) contexts in E14.5 FL LSK cells.
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Project description:During male development, the testes move from a high intraabdominal position and descend into the scrotum. The gubernaculum, an inguinoscrotal ligament connecting the testis to the lower abdomen, is believed to play a critical role in this process. The first stage of testicular descent is controlled by INSL3, insulin like3 hormone, produced in testicular Leydig cells. Deletion of Insl3 or its receptor, Rxfp2, in mice causes cryptorchidism. We produced Cre/loxP regulated shRNA transgenic mice targeting RXFP2 expression. We have shown that the transgene was able to reduce Rxfp2 gene expression and thus behaved as a hypomorphic allele of Rxfp2. Variable degrees of uni-and bilateral cryptorchidism was detected in males with the activated shRNA transgene on an Rxfp2+/- background. Conditional suppression of Rxfp2 in the gubernaculum led to cryptorchidism. Gene expression analysis of a mutant cremasteric sac using Illumina microarrays indicated abnormal expression of a significant number of genes in Wnt/β-catenin and Notch pathways. We have demonstrated profound changes in the expression pattern of β-catenin, Notch1, desmin, and androgen receptor (AR) in Rxfp2-/- male embryos, indicating the role of INSL3 in proliferation, differentiation, and survival of specific cellular components of the gubernaculum. We have shown that INSL3/RXFP2 signaling is essential for myogenic differentiation and maintenance of AR-positive cells in the gubernaculum. Males with the deletion of β-catenin or Notch1 in the gubernacular ligament demonstrated abnormal development. Our data indicates that β-catenin and Notch pathways are potential targets of INSL3 signaling during gubernacular development.
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