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Genes under positive selection and their recruitment order during C4 emergence in Grass

ABSTRACT: The C4 CO2 concentrating mechanism (C4-CCM) requires the coordinated function of multiple enzymes and transporters, which were gradually recruited during evolution. However, critical genes involved and their recruitment order remains elusive. Here we address this question with molecular evolution approaches, we identified all the positive selected genes in C4 species from grass.

ORGANISM(S): Bothriochloa ischaemum Arundinella nepalensis Arundinella pubescens Arundinella hirta Arundinella anomala Arundinella fluviatilis Capillipedium parviflorum Imperata cylindrica

PROVIDER: GSE87086 | GEO | 2017/09/30

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:These data are associated with the following peer-reviewed scientific paper: Peng Zhang, Robert Sharwood, Adam Carroll, Gonzalo M Estavillo, Susanne von Caemmerer and Robert T Furbank (2024) Systems analysis of long-term heat stress responses in the C4 grass Setaria viridis, The Plant Cell Corresponding Author: Robert Sharwood (R.Sharwood@westernsydney.edu.au) Abstract A substantial number of C4 plants are utilized as food and fodder crops and often display improved resource use efficiency compared to C3 plants. However, the response of C4 plants to future extreme conditions such as heatwaves is less understood. Here, Setaria viridis, an emerging C4 model grass closely related to important C4 crops, was grown under long-term high temperature stress for two weeks (42C, compared to 28C). High temperature resulted in stunted growth, but surprisingly had little impact on leaf thickness, leaf area-based photosynthetic rates and bundle sheath leakiness. Dark respiration rates increased significantly (p<0.05 two-tailed Student's t-test assuming equal variance) and there were major alterations in carbon and nitrogen metabolism in the heat-stressed plants, including reduced starch levels, accumulation of soluble sugars and increased leaf nitrogen content. Quantification of major phytohormones revealed a dramatic increase in abscisic acid and accumulation of IAA-amino acid conjugates in the heat-stressed plants, consistent with transcriptional changes of genes in these pathways. Leaf transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics analyses were carried out and mapped onto the metabolic pathways of photosynthesis, respiration, carbon/nitrogen metabolism and phytohormone biosynthesis and signaling. While poor correlations were observed between transcript and protein log2(FoldChange) values for some photosynthetic genes, we provide an in-depth analysis of 37 hierarchical functional groups. Overall, many stress signaling pathways were upregulated, consistent with multiple potent signals leading to reduced plant growth. A systems-based model of the plant response to long-term heat stress is presented based on the oxidative stress, phytohormone and sugar signaling pathways.

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Genes under positive selection and their recruitment order during C4 emergence in Grass

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