Lamin-B1 contributes to the proper timing of epicardial cell migration and function during heart development
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE87344 | GEO | 2017/01/01
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA344761
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Lamin proteins form a meshwork beneath the nuclear envelope and contribute to many different cellular processes. Mutations in lamins cause defective organogenesis in mouse models and human diseases that affect adipose tissue, brain, skeletal muscle, and the heart. In vitro cell culture studies have shown that lamins help maintain nuclear shape and facilitate cell migration. However, whether these defects contribute to improper tissue building in vivo requires further clarification. By studying the heart epicardium during embryogenesis, we show that Lb1-null epicardial cells exhibit in vivo and in vitro migratory delay. Transcriptome analyses of these cells suggest that Lb1 influences the expression of cell adhesion genes, which could affect cell migration during epicardium development. These epicardial defects are consistent with incomplete development of both vascular smooth muscle and compact myocardium at later developmental stages in Lb1-null embryos. Further, we found that Lb1-null epicardial cells have a delayed nuclear morphology change in vivo, suggesting that Lb1 facilitates morphological changes associated with migration. These findings suggest that Lb1 contributes to nuclear shape maintenance and migration of epicardial cells and highlights the use of these cells for in vitro and in vivo study of these classic cell biological phenomena.
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Project description:The most common cytogenetic abnormality found in complex karyotype high risk MDS/AML is del5q. Disease is often identified through visual inspection and recognition of abnormalities such as pseudo-Pelger-Huet anomaly (PPHA), which presents as deviations of normal neutrophil nuclear morphology. The link between PPHA and leukemia is unknown, but mutations in the lamin B1 receptor (LBR) have been identified as the cause of benign presence in otherwise normal individuals. Lamin B1 (LMNB1) is the ligand for LBR and is important for maintaining nuclear lamina integrity and influencing 3D gene structural changes that impact transcription; the LMNB1 gene locus is also contained with chromosome 5q, so we hypothesized that appearance of PPHA is potentially caused by del5q in MDS/AML containing the LMNB1. To help characterize the potential role of LMNB1 in normal hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), we infected CD34+ cord blood HSPCs with lentiviruses expressing shRNAs targeting LMNB1 (LB1) and luciferase (C11) as a control and assessed changes in transcription due to LMNB1 disruption via RNSeq and 3D genome structural changes through HiC. Neutrophils were also differentiated from LMNB1 shRNA and control treated CD34+ cord blood HSPCs and transcriptional/structural changes identified via RNAseq and HiC. Additionally, to understand long-term in vivo effects of LMNB1 loss on self-renewal and lineage bias, we engrafted control and LMNB1 shRNA infected CD34+ HSPCs into NSG mice and harvest hCD34+ cells 12 weeks later for scRNAseq.
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Project description:Despite extensive studies on endogenous heart regeneration within the past 20 years, the players involved in initiating early regeneration events are far from clear. Here, we assessed the function of neutrophils, the first-responder cells to tissue damage, during heart regeneration. We detected rapid neutrophil mobilization to the injury site after ventricular amputation, peaking at 1-day post-amputation (dpa) and resolving by 3 dpa. Further analyses indicated neutrophil mobilization coincides with peak epicardial cell proliferation and recruited neutrophils associated with activated, expanding epicardial cells at 1 dpa. Neutrophil depletion inhibited myocardial regeneration and significantly reduced epicardial cell expansion, proliferation, and activation. To explore the molecular mechanism of neutrophils on the epicardial regenerative response, we performed scRNA-seq analysis of 1 dpa neutrophils and identified enrichment of the FGF and ERK signaling pathways. Pharmacological inhibition of FGF signaling indicated its’ requirement for epicardial cell expansion, while neutrophil depletion blocked ERK signaling activation in epicardial cells. Altogether, our studies revealed that neutrophils quickly induce epicardial cells, which later accumulate at the injury site and contribute to heart regeneration.
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Project description:By contrast with mammals, adult zebrafish have a high capacity to regenerate damaged or lost myocardium through proliferation of spared cardiomyocytes. The epicardial sheet covering the heart is activated by injury and aids muscle regeneration through paracrine effects and as a multipotent cell source, and has received recent attention as a target in cardiac repair strategies. While it is recognized that epicardium is required for muscle regeneration and itself has high regenerative potential, the extent of cellular heterogeneity within epicardial tissue is largely unexplored. In this study, we performed transcriptome analysis on dozens of epicardial lineage cells purified from zebrafish harboring a transgenic reporter for the pan-epicardial gene tcf21. Hierarchical clustering analysis suggested the presence of at least three epicardial cell subsets defined by expression signatures. We validated many new pan-epicardial and epicardial markers by alternative expression assays. Additionally, we explored the function of the scaffolding protein and main component of caveolae, caveolin-1 (cav1), which was present in each epicardial subset. In BAC transgenic zebrafish, cav1 regulatory sequences drove strong expression in ostensibly all epicardial cells and in coronary vascular endothelial cells. Moreover, cav1 mutant zebrafish generated by genome editing showed grossly normal heart development and adult cardiac anatomy, but displayed profound defects in injury-induced cardiomyocyte proliferation and heart regeneration. Our study defines a new platform for the discovery of epicardial lineage markers, genetic tools, and mechanisms of heart regeneration.
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