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KDM2B is a Histone H3K79 Demethylase and Induces Transcriptional Repression via SIRT1-mediated Chromatin Silencing

ABSTRACT: The methylation of histone H3 lysine 79 (H3K79) acts as an active chromatin marker and is enriched in actively transcribed regions of the genome. However, demethylase of this mark remains unknown despite intensive research. Here, we show that KDM2B (FBXL10), a member of the Jumonji C (JmjC) family of proteins and previously known for its histone H3K36 demethylase activity, is a di- and trimethyl H3K79 demethylase. We demonstrate that KDM2B induces transcriptional repression of HOXA7 and MEIS1 via occupancy of promoters and demethylation of H3K79. Furthermore, genome-wide analysis suggests that H3K79 methylation levels are increased when KDM2B is depleted, suggesting that KDM2B functions as an H3K79 demethylase in vivo. Finally, stable KDM2B-knockdown cell lines exhibited displacement of SIRT1, with concomitant increases in H3K79 methylation and H4K16 acetylation. Our findings identify KDM2B as an H3K79 demethylase and link its function to transcriptional repression via SIRT1-mediated chromatin silencing.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE89052 | GEO | 2017/10/21

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA350160

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Homo sapiens

Project description:KDM2B is a Histone H3K79 Demethylase and Induces Transcriptional Repression via SIRT1-mediated Chromatin Silencing

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Kdm2b maintains murine embryonic stem cell status by recruiting PRC1 complex to CpG islands of lineage genes [ChIP-Seq]

Project description:Polycomb group (PcG) proteins play important roles in repressing lineage-specific genes and maintaining the undifferentiated state of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). However, the mechanisms by which PcG proteins are recruited to their targets are largely unknown. Here, we show that the histone demethylase Kdm2b is highly expressed in mESCs and regulated by the pluripotent factors Oct4/Sox2 directly. Depletion of Kdm2b in mESCs causes de-repression of lineage-specific genes and induces early differentiation. The function of Kdm2b depends on its CXXC-ZF domain, which mediates Kdm2b’s genome-wide binding to CpG islands (CGIs). Kdm2b interacts with the core components of the Polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1) and recruits the complex to the CGIs of early lineage-specific genes. Thus, our study not only reveals a novel Oct4/Sox2-Kdm2b-PRC1-CGI regulatory axis and its function in maintaining undifferentiated state of mESCs, but also demonstrates a critical function of Kdm2b in recruiting PRC1 to the CGIs of lineage-specific genes to repress their expression. In this dataset, we include the ChIP-seq data of Kdm2b, Ezh2 and Ring1b in both control and Kdm2b knock down mouse embryonbic stem cells.

2013-02-20 | E-GEOD-41314 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Kdm2b promotes cell viability by enhancing DNA damage response in canine hemangiosarcoma

Project description:We found that lysine-specific demethylase 2b (Kdm2b) was highly expressed in HSA cell lines compared to normal canine endothelial cells. Silencing of Kdm2b in HSA cells resulted to increased cell death in vitro by inducing apoptosis through the inactivation of the DNA repair pathways and accumulation of DNA damage. Kdm2b silencing in tumor xenografts results to decreased tumor sizes compared to the control. Treatment of GSK-J4, a histone demethylase inhibitor, also induced apoptosis and cell death. In addition, GSK-J4 treatment decreases tumor sizes. Therefore, we demonstrate that Kdm2b acts as an oncogene in HSA by enhancing the DNA damage response. Moreover, we show that histone demethylase inhibitor GSK-J4 can be used as a therapeutic alternative to doxorubicin for HSA treatment.

2021-02-11 | GSE166540 | GEO

Kdm2b maintains murine embryonic stem cell status by recruiting PRC1 complex to CpG islands of lineage genes [Expression profiling]

Project description:Polycomb group (PcG) proteins play important roles in repressing lineage-specific genes and maintaining the undifferentiated state of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). However, the mechanisms by which PcG proteins are recruited to their targets are largely unknown. Here, we show that the histone demethylase Kdm2b is highly expressed in mESCs and regulated by the pluripotent factors Oct4/Sox2 directly. Depletion of Kdm2b in mESCs causes de-repression of lineage-specific genes and induces early differentiation. The function of Kdm2b depends on its CXXC-ZF domain, which mediates Kdm2b’s genome-wide binding to CpG islands (CGIs). Kdm2b interacts with the core components of the Polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1) and recruits the complex to the CGIs of early lineage-specific genes. Thus, our study not only reveals a novel Oct4/Sox2-Kdm2b-PRC1-CGI regulatory axis and its function in maintaining undifferentiated state of mESCs, but also demonstrates a critical function of Kdm2b in recruiting PRC1 to the CGIs of lineage-specific genes to repress their expression. In this dataset, we include the expression data for control and Kdm2b knockdown mouse embryonic stem cells. We analyzed the gene expression in control and Kdm2b knockdown mouse embryonic stem cells using the Affymetrix MoGene-1_0-st-v1 platform.

2013-02-20 | E-GEOD-41298 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Silencing of KDM2B leads to deregulation of apoptosis related genes in GBM

Project description:Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a promising anti-cancer protein that can specifically kill tumor cells while sparing healthy ones. Emerging evidences suggest that TRAIL resistance in cancers is associated with aberrant expression of the key components of the apoptotic program. However, how these components are regulated at the epigenetic level is not understood. In this study, we aimed to identify novel epigenetic mechanisms regulating TRAIL response in Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) by a short-hairpin RNA (shRNA) screen. We employed an shRNA-mediated loss of function approach to interrogate the role of 48 genes in DNA and histone modification pathways. From this we identified KDM2B, an H3K36-specific demethylase, as a novel regulator of TRAIL response. Accordingly, silencing of KDM2B significantly enhanced TRAIL sensitivity, the activation of Caspase-8, Caspase-3, Caspase-7, and cleavage of PARP. KDM2B knockdown also accelerated the apoptosis process, as revealed by live cell imaging experiments. Moreover, simultaneous knockdown of the methyltransferases responsible for generating the histone marks removed by KDM2B significantly recovered the cell death phenotype observed with KDM2B inhibition. To decipher the downstream molecular pathways regulated by KDM2B, levels of apoptosis-related genes were examined by RNA-sequencing and quantitative PCR upon KDM2B loss, which revealed de-repression of pro-apoptotic genes HRK, caspase-7, and DR4 and repression of anti-apoptotic gene Mcl-1. The apoptosis phenotype was dependent on HRK upregulation, as HRK knockdown significantly abrogated the sensitization. In vivo, KDM2B-silenced tumors exhibited slower growth and reduced angiogenic capacity compared to controls. Taken together, our findings suggest a novel mechanism regulating apoptotic response, where the key apoptosis components are under epigenetic control of KDM2B in GBM cells.

2017-05-03 | GSE81043 | GEO

Kdm2b maintains murine embryonic stem cell status by recruiting PRC1 complex to CpG islands of lineage genes [ChIP-Seq]

2013-02-20 | GSE41314 | GEO

The SS18-SSX oncoprotein hijacks KDM2B-PRC1.1 to drive synovial sarcoma [RNA-seq]

Project description:Gene fusions arising from chromosomal translocations are key oncogenic drivers in soft tissue sarcomas but little is known about how they exert their oncogenic effects. Our study explores the molecular mechanisms by which the SS18-SSX fusion oncoprotein subverts epigenetic mechanisms of gene regulation to drive synovial sarcoma. Using functional genomics, we identify KDM2B – a histone demethylase and core component of a non-canonical Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 (PRC1.1) – as selectively required for sustaining synovial sarcoma cell transformation. SS18-SSX physically interacts with PRC1.1 and co-associates with SWI/SNF and KDM2B complexes on unmethylated CpG islands genome-wide. Via KDM2B, SS18-SSX binds and aberrantly activates expression of a series of developmentally regulated transcription factors that would otherwise be targets of polycomb-mediated repression, which is restored upon KDM2B depletion leading to irreversible mesenchymal differentiation. Thus, SS18-SSX de-regulates developmental programs to drive transformation by hijacking a transcriptional repressive complex to aberrantly activate gene expression.

2018-03-01 | GSE108928 | GEO

The SS18-SSX oncoprotein hijacks KDM2B-PRC1.1 to drive synovial sarcoma [ATAC-seq]

2018-03-01 | GSE108927 | GEO

The SS18-SSX oncoprotein hijacks KDM2B-PRC1.1 to drive synovial sarcoma [ChIP-seq]

2018-03-01 | GSE108926 | GEO

Role of the histone demethylase KDM2B in hematopoietic homeostasis and malignancies [ChIP-seq]

Project description:Development of the hematopoietic system is dynamically controlled by the interplay of transcriptional and epigenetic networks to determine cellular identity. Those networks are critical for homeostasis and frequently dysregulated in leukemias. We identified histone demethylase Kdm2b as a critical regulator of definitive hematopoiesis and lineage specification of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). RNA sequencing in murine HSPCs and genome-wide chromatin immunoprecipitation studies in human leukemias revealed that Kdm2b regulates differentiation, lineage choice, cytokine signaling, and quiescence. Identify the binding of KDM2B in seven human leukemia cell lines

2016-02-22 | E-GEOD-70624 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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