RNA-seq of mixed mouse glomerular mesangial and endothelial cells
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE89263 | GEO | 2017/07/31
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA350859
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Indoxyl sulfate (IS) is a uremic toxin and ligand of the aryl-hydrocarbon receptor (Ahr), a transcriptional regulator. Elevated serum IS may contribute to the progression of kidney disease. Therefore, we assessed mouse podocyte damage mediated by IS. Ahr was predominantly localized to the podocyte nucleus in vivo and in vitro. In isolated glomeruli, IS-exposure for 2 – 24 h induced Cyp1a1 expression, the most sensitive biomarker of Ahr activation. Mice exposed to IS for 4–8 weeks exhibited microalbuminuria, and mild glomerular injury characterized by ischemic changes, partial podocyte foot process effacement, as well as vascular and tubulointerstitial damage. Chronically IS-exposed kidneys exhibited decreased mRNA, decreased protein levels, and altered staining patterns for podocin, synaptopodin, and non-muscle myosin IIA (Myh9). Immortalized podocytes, upon differentiation, exhibited Ahr nuclear translocation beginning 30 min after 1 mM IS-exposure. At 2 h, there was a dose-dependent decrease in podocyte mRNA expression of WT1, Podxl, Snypo, Myh9, Actn4, and Cd2ap. After 24 h of exposure to IS, podocytes were smaller, had fewer actin/Myh9 fibers, and decreased viability. Ahr-RNAi decreased mRNA expression of podocyte-specific proteins and inhibited Cyp1a1 induction by IS-exposure. Combinations of Ahr-RNAi and IS-exposure further decreased Myh9 expression. In immortalized human podocytes, IS treatment caused cell injury, decreased mRNA expression of podocyte-specific proteins, integrins, collagens, cytoskeletal proteins, and bone morphogenetic proteins, and increased cytokine and chemokine expression. Thus, chronic IS-exposure causes glomerular damage by activating Ahr, altering podocyte function, differentiation, and morphology, and inducing a pro-inflammatory phenotype. Podocyte cells treated with Indoxyl sulfate, a uremic toxin and aryl-hydrocarbon receptor ligand, mediates progressive glomerular disease by damaging podocytes Human podocyte cell line treated with or without 3-Indoxyl sulfate (1mM/0.1%DMSO) in three replications
2014-10-14 | E-GEOD-51834 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:We compared mRNA profiles of isolated glomeruli versus sorted podocytes between diabetic and control mice. IRG mice crossed with eNOS-/- mice were further bred with podocin-rTTA and TetON-Cre mice to permanently label podocytes before the diabetic injury. Diabetes was induced by injection of streptozotocin. mRNA profiles of isolated glomeruli and sorted podocytes from diabetic and control mice at 10 weeks after induction of diabetes were examined. Consistent with the previous reports, expression of podocyte-specific markers in the glomeruli were down-regulated in the diabetic mice compared to controls. However, these differences disappeared when mRNA levels were corrected for podocyte number per glomerulus. Interestingly, the expression of these markers was not altered in sorted podocytes from diabetic mice, suggesting that the reduced expression of podocyte markers in isolated glomeruli is likely a secondary effect of reduced podocyte number, rather than the loss of differentiation markers. Analysis of the differentially expressed genes in diabetic mice also revealed distinct up-regulated pathways in the glomeruli (mitochondrial function and oxidative stress) and podocytes (actin organization). In conclusion, our data suggest that podocyte-specific gene expression in transcriptome obtained from the whole glomeruli may not represent those of podocytes in the diabetic kidney. We compared mRNA profiles of isolated glomeruli versus sorted podocytes between diabetic and control mice.
2016-03-16 | E-GEOD-79291 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The Wilms tumor-suppressor gene WT1, a key player in renal development, also has a crucial role in maintenance of the glomerulus in the mature kidney. However, molecular pathways orchestrated by WT1 in podocytes, where it is highly expressed, remain unknown. Their defects are thought to modify the cross-talk between podocytes and other glomerular cells and ultimately lead to glomerular sclerosis, as observed in diffuse mesangial sclerosis (DMS) a nephropathy associated with WT1 mutations. To identify podocyte WT1 targets, we generated a novel DMS mouse line, performed gene expression profiling in isolated glomeruli, and identified excellent candidates that may modify podocyte differentiation and growth factor signalling in glomeruli. Scel, encoding sciellin, a protein of the cornified envelope in the skin, and sulf1, encoding a 6-O endosulfatase, are shown to be expressed in wild type podocytes and to be strongly down-regulated in mutants. Co-expression of Wt1, Scel and Sulf1 was also found in a mesonephric cell line, and siRNA-mediated knockdown of WT1 decreased Scel and Sulf1 mRNAs and proteins. By ChIP we show that Scel and Sulf1 are direct WT1 targets. Cyp26a1, encoding an enzyme involved in the degradation of retinoic acid, is shown to be up-regulated in mutant podocytes. Cyp26a1 may play a role in the development of glomerular lesions but does not seem to be regulated by WT1. These results provide novel clues in our understanding of normal glomerular function and early events involved in glomerulosclerosis. Experiment Overall Design: Isolation of glomeruli from mutant (FVB-N4 Wt1+/R394W) and wild-type (FVB-N4 Wt1+/+) was performed after cardiac Dynabead perfusion. GeneChip analysis of glomeruli from 5 Wt1+/R394W mice and 5 Wt1+/+ littermates (N4-FVB) were performed independently. Animals were unweaned 27-day-old males. The Wt1+/R394W mice used were showing little albuminuria (<3 ug/ul on Coomassie blue stained SDS-PAGE gel) and no evidence of mesangial lesions by light microscopy.
2009-10-09 | E-GEOD-18358 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Parietal epithelial cells (PECs) are crucially involved in the pathogenesis of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) as well as in focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). In this study, transgenic mouse lines were used to isolate pure, genetically tagged primary cultures of PECs or podocytes using FACsorting. By this approach, the morphology of primary glomerular epithelial cells in culture could be resolved: Primary podocytes formed either large cells with intracytoplasmatic extensions or smaller spindle shaped cells, depending on specific culture conditions. Primary PECs were small and exhibited a spindle-shaped or polygonal morphology. In the very early phases of primary culture, rapid changes in gene expression (e.g. of WT-1 and Pax-2) were observed. However, after prolonged culture primary PECs and podocytes still segregated clearly in a transcriptome analysis - demonstrating that the origin of primary cell cultures is important. Of the classical markers, synaptopodin and podoplanin expression were differentially regulated the most in primary PEC and podocyte cultures. However, no expression of any endogenous gene allowed to differentiate between the two cell types in culture. Finally, we show that the transcription factor WT1 is also expressed by PECs. In summary, genetic tagging of PECs and podocytes is a novel and necessary tool to derive pure primary cultures with proven origin. These cultures will be a powerful tool for the emerging field of parietal epithelial cell biology. Total RNA for genechip analysis was derived from: 1) Primary parietal cells isolated by FACS sorting of glomeruli cultivated in 1a) RPMI media 1b) EGM-MV media 2) Primary podocyte cells isolated by FACS sorting of glomeruli cultivated in 2a) RPMI media 2b) EGM-MV media
2011-11-16 | E-GEOD-33714 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Three different cell types constitute the glomerular filter: mesangial cells, endothelial cells, and podocytes. As yet, it remains unknown to what extent cellular heterogeneity exists within healthy glomerular cell populations. Here, we used nanodroplet-based, highly parallel transcriptional profiling to characterize the cellular content of purified wildtype mouse glomeruli. Unsupervised clustering of 13,000 single-cell transcriptomes identified the three known glomerular cell types. We provide a comprehensive online atlas of gene expression in glomerular cells, which can be queried and visualized using an interactive and freely available database. Novel marker genes for all glomerular cell types were identified and supported by immunohistochemistry stainings obtained from the Human Protein Atlas. Subclustering of glomerular endothelial cells revealed a subset of activated endothelium, expressing marker genes related to endothelial proliferation. Additionally, the podocyte population could be divided in three different subclusters. In conclusion, our study comprehensively characterizes gene expression in individual glomerular cells and sets the stage for the dissection of glomerular function at the single-cell level in health and disease.
2018-04-27 | GSE111107 | GEO
Project description:Available single-cell RNA-seq analyses have revealed that individual cells of the same type differ substantially in gene expression. We wonder whether glomerular podocytes, the cell type that is part of glomerular filtration, also exhibit big difference in gene expression among individual cells; and what biological information could be obtained from the single-podocyte RNA-seq data. Therefore, we isolated mouse glomeruli by Dynabead/magnetic concentration method, and digested them with enzymes to dissociate the cells. We loaded the single cell suspension to a Fluidigm C1 Single-Cell Auto Prep System for single cell cDNA preparation. The cDNA samples were amplified and underwent sequecing using Illumina Highseq 2000 system.
2017-07-31 | GSE88814 | GEO
Project description:Available single-cell RNA-seq analyses have revealed that individual cells of the same type differ substantially in gene expression. We wonder whether glomerular mesangial cells, the cell type that support the unique structure of glomeruli, also exhibit big difference in gene expression among individual cells; and what biological information could be obtained from the single-mesangial cell RNA-seq data. Therefore, we isolated mouse glomeruli by Dynabead/magnetic concentration method, and digested them with enzymes to dissociate the cells. We loaded the single cell suspension to a Fluidigm C1 Single-Cell Auto Prep System for single cell cDNA preparation. The cDNA samples were analyzed with mesangial cell marker, Gata3,and the Gata3 positive samples were amplified and underwent sequecing using Illumina Highseq 2000 system.
2017-04-15 | GSE92650 | GEO
Project description:We compared mRNA profiles of isolated glomeruli versus sorted podocytes between diabetic and control mice. IRG mice crossed with eNOS-/- mice were further bred with podocin-rTTA and TetON-Cre mice to permanently label podocytes before the diabetic injury. Diabetes was induced by injection of streptozotocin. mRNA profiles of isolated glomeruli and sorted podocytes from diabetic and control mice at 10 weeks after induction of diabetes were examined. Consistent with the previous reports, expression of podocyte-specific markers in the glomeruli were down-regulated in the diabetic mice compared to controls. However, these differences disappeared when mRNA levels were corrected for podocyte number per glomerulus. Interestingly, the expression of these markers was not altered in sorted podocytes from diabetic mice, suggesting that the reduced expression of podocyte markers in isolated glomeruli is likely a secondary effect of reduced podocyte number, rather than the loss of differentiation markers. Analysis of the differentially expressed genes in diabetic mice also revealed distinct up-regulated pathways in the glomeruli (mitochondrial function and oxidative stress) and podocytes (actin organization). In conclusion, our data suggest that podocyte-specific gene expression in transcriptome obtained from the whole glomeruli may not represent those of podocytes in the diabetic kidney.
2016-03-16 | GSE79291 | GEO
Project description:Podocytes are the highly specialised cells within the glomeruli of the kidney that maintain the filtration barrier by forming interdigitating foot processes and slit-diaphragms. Disruption to these features result in proteinuria. Studies into podocyte biology and disease has been hampered by a paucity of in vitro models of this non-proliferative cell type. Here we characterise sieved glomeruli from kidney organoids derived from human pluripotent stem cells. Compared to conditionally immortalised podocytes, organoid-derived glomeruli show superior podocyte-specific gene and protein expression, morphology and functional properties. Using CRISPR-derived MAFB reporter iPSC lines, homozygous MAFB mutant organoids recapitulated the anticipated disease related transcriptional changes. Culture of kidney organoids on chicken chorioallantoic membrane resulted in glomerular vascularisation, glomerular filtration barrier assembly, formation of slit diaphragms and fenestrated endothelial cells. This definitively demonstrates that human iPSC kidney organoid-derived glomeruli can serve as an accurate model of human podocytopathies and glomerular disease in vitro.
2018-12-04 | GSE99583 | GEO
Project description:Kidney aging and its contribution to disease and its underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Yet with an aging population, kidney health becomes an important medical and socioeconomic factor. We previously showed that podocytes isolated from aged mice exhibit increased expression of Programed Cell Death Protein 1 (PD-1) surface receptor and its two ligands (PD-L1, PD-L2). We now extend this observation to aged human kidneys. In vitro studies in cultured podocytes demonstrate a critical role of PD-1 signaling in cell survival and the induction of a Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP). To prove that the PD-1 signaling is critical to podocyte aging, aged mice were injected with an anti-PD-1 antibody (aPD-1ab). This treatment significantly improved the aging phenotype of the kidney and liver. In the glomerulus, it increased the lifespan of podocytes, but not parietal epithelial, mesangial or endothelial cells. Moreover, transcriptomic and immunohistochemistry studies demonstrate that anti-PD-1 treatment also improved the health-span of podocytes. It restored the expression of canonical podocyte genes, transcription factors and gene regulatory networks, increased the cellular metabolism signatures and lessened the SASP of aged podocytes. Increased PD-1 transcripts in human glomeruli significantly correlated with reduced eGFR.Together, these results suggest a critical contribution of increased PD-1 signaling towards both kidney and liver aging.
2022-10-01 | GSE186534 | GEO