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Regulation of yeast chromosome III architecture and mating-type switching by a Sir2/condensin-bound region of the recombination enhancer [HiC-Seq]

ABSTRACT: Saccharomyces cerevisiae switches its mating type (MATa or MATalpha) through gene conversion using one of two possible donors, HMLalpha or HMRa, both of which are maintained by the SIR silencing complex as heterochromatic cassettes on opposing ends of chromosome III. In MATa cells, HMLalpha on the left arm is preferentially chosen as the donor through a mechanism requiring a cis-acting sequence called the recombination enhancer (RE). The left half of the RE is required for this donor preference activity, whereas the right half has been implicated in regulating chromosome III structure. In this study we have identified a MATa-specific Sir2 and condensin binding site within the right half of the RE that maintains chromosome III in a switching-competent conformation by preventing MATa from interacting with the default HMRa donor on the right arm. Within the RE, Sir2 strongly represses transcription of a small MATa-specific gene of unknown function (RDT1). Upon expression of HO endonuclease to induce the switching process, Sir2 redistributes from the RE to the double-stranded DNA break site at MATa, thus derepressing RDT1 transcription to coincide with the timing of mating-type switching. Condensin is also displaced from the RE in response to the HO-induced break, likely contributing to the transient change in chromosome III conformation required for effective switching without disruption of HML and HMR heterochromatin.

ORGANISM(S): Saccharomyces cerevisiae

PROVIDER: GSE92715 | GEO | 2019/05/23

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Regulation of yeast chromosome III architecture and mating-type switching by a Sir2/condensin-bound region of the recombination enhancer [ChIP-Seq]

Project description:Saccharomyces cerevisiae switches its mating type (MATa or MATalpha) through gene conversion using one of two possible donors, HMLalpha or HMRa, both of which are maintained by the SIR silencing complex as heterochromatic cassettes on opposing ends of chromosome III. In MATa cells, HMLalpha on the left arm is preferentially chosen as the donor through a mechanism requiring a cis-acting sequence called the recombination enhancer (RE). The left half of the RE is required for this donor preference activity, whereas the right half has been implicated in regulating chromosome III structure. In this study we have identified a MATa-specific Sir2 and condensin binding site within the right half of the RE that maintains chromosome III in a switching-competent conformation by preventing MATa from interacting with the default HMRa donor on the right arm. Within the RE, Sir2 strongly represses transcription of a small MATa-specific gene of unknown function (RDT1). Upon expression of HO endonuclease to induce the switching process, Sir2 redistributes from the RE to the double-stranded DNA break site at MATa, thus derepressing RDT1 transcription to coincide with the timing of mating-type switching. Condensin is also displaced from the RE in response to the HO-induced break, likely contributing to the transient change in chromosome III conformation required for effective switching without disruption of HML and HMR heterochromatin.

2019-05-23 | GSE92714 | GEO

The conformation of yeast chromosome III is mating type-dependent and controlled by the recombination enhancer

Project description:Yeast chromosome III contains the mating type loci that provide a paradigm for long-range interactions between distant loci. Yeast switch mating type by gene conversion between the MAT locus and either of two silent loci (HML or HMR) on opposite ends of the chromosome. This long-range process is mating type-specific so that MATa cells choose HML as template, while MATα cells use HMR. The Recombination Enhancer (RE), located on the left arm regulates this process. One long-standing hypothesis is that switching is guided by mating type-specific, and possibly RE-dependent three-dimensional folding of chromosome III. Here we used Hi-C, 5C, and live cell imaging to characterize the conformation of chromosome III in both mating types in non-switching strains. We discovered a mating type-specific difference in the folding of the left arm: in MATa cells the left arm is located closely to the centromere-proximal portion of the chromosome as well as to MAT, whereas it is more extended away in MATα cells. Deletion analysis showed that a 1 kb subregion within the RE, which is not necessary during switching, abolished mating type-dependent chromosome folding. In this mutant the conformation of chromosome III is the same in both mating types, but distinct from the wild type MATa or MATα conformations, indicating that the RE induces conformational changes in both mating types. The RE is therefore a composite element with one subregion essential for selecting the appropriate donor during switching, and a separate region involved in modulating chromosome conformation prior to switching.

2015-11-20 | GSE73890 | GEO

The conformation of yeast chromosome III is mating type-dependent and controlled by the recombination enhancer

Project description:Yeast chromosome III contains the mating type loci that provide a paradigm for long-range interactions between distant loci. Yeast switch mating type by gene conversion between the MAT locus and either of two silent loci (HML or HMR) on opposite ends of the chromosome. This long-range process is mating type-specific so that MATa cells choose HML as template, while MATÎ± cells use HMR. The Recombination Enhancer (RE), located on the left arm regulates this process. One long-standing hypothesis is that switching is guided by mating type-specific, and possibly RE-dependent three-dimensional folding of chromosome III. Here we used Hi-C, 5C, and live cell imaging to characterize the conformation of chromosome III in both mating types in non-switching strains. We discovered a mating type-specific difference in the folding of the left arm: in MATa cells the left arm is located closely to the centromere-proximal portion of the chromosome as well as to MAT, whereas it is more extended away in MATÎ± cells. Deletion analysis showed that a 1 kb subregion within the RE, which is not necessary during switching, abolished mating type-dependent chromosome folding. In this mutant the conformation of chromosome III is the same in both mating types, but distinct from the wild type MATa or MATÎ± conformations, indicating that the RE induces conformational changes in both mating types. The RE is therefore a composite element with one subregion essential for selecting the appropriate donor during switching, and a separate region involved in modulating chromosome conformation prior to switching. This submission contain 2 biological replicates of Hi-C experiments done in MATa and MATalpha cells in Saccharamycese cerevisiae. It also contains 3 biological replicates of 13 5C experiments in various mutants in MATa and MATalpha cells.

2015-11-20 | E-GEOD-73890 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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2023-03-23 | GSE198161 | GEO

Regulation of yeast chromosome III architecture and mating-type switching by a Sir2/condensin-bound region of the recombination enhancer

Project description:Regulation of yeast chromosome III architecture and mating-type switching by a Sir2/condensin-bound region of the recombination enhancer

| PRJNA358414 | ENA

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Project description:Regulation of yeast chromosome III architecture and mating-type switching by a Sir2/condensin-bound region of the recombination enhancer [ChIP-Seq]

| PRJNA358416 | ENA

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Project description:Regulation of yeast chromosome III architecture and mating-type switching by a Sir2/condensin-bound region of the recombination enhancer [HiC-Seq]

| PRJNA358415 | ENA

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Project description:In the budding yeast, HMR, HML, telomere and rDNA domain are known as a silencing region. Sir2 need to make it at rDNA and, HMR, HML and the telomere need to Sir2, Sir3, Sir4 complex to control internal gene repression. In this report, we found a newly Sir3 binding domain, CN domain (Chromosome New region) 1~14, by the ChIP on chip analysis on S.cerevisiae chromosome. In addition, we also performed ChIP on chip analysis with anti-Sir3 antibody using G1 phase synchronized cell to find Sir3 distribution difference of stage of cell cycle and we found CN15~CN25 which was G1 phase specific Sir3 binding region. Furthermore, we analyzed difference of gene expression at CN region in sir3 strain, and some regions did not change level of gene expression. In the conventional report, Sir3 had recruited by Sir2 and Sir4 on chromosome, but recruit of Sir3 was independent on Sir2 and Sir4 at some CN regions. These data suggested that we found a newly Sir3 function and Sir3 recruited system on chromosome.

2015-11-18 | GSE75075 | GEO

Identification of genes up-regulated by the overexpression of HSF1 in human HeLa cells

Project description:To analyze target genes of human heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1), we first generated two independent HeLa clones (RDT1 and RDT2) expressing an actively mutated hHSF1 (hHSF1?RDT), which lacks the regulatory domain that masks its activation domain and possesses a glutamic acid at amino acid 395 instead of a leucine in the suppression domain of the trimerization domain (Fujimoto et al., J. Biol. Chem. 280, 34908-34916, 2005). We also generated a HeLa clone expressing chicken HSF1 (HeLa/cHSF1) to compare its profile of gene expression with those of RDT1 and RDT2 cells (Nakai and Morimoto, Mol. Cell. Biol. 13, 1983-1997, 1993). We then carried out DNA microarray analysis using total RNA isolated from HeLa, HeLa/cHSF1, RDT1, and RDT2 cells grown under normal growth conditions. mRNA levels in human HeLa, RDT1, RDT2, and HeLa/cHSF1 were analyzed by DNA microarray analysis using GeneChip Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Array (Affymetrix).

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