Stem cell regulatory elements remain bookmarked by selected transcription factors and epigenetic marks during mitosis
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE92846 | GEO | 2017/05/16
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA358612
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:Global changes in chromatin organization and the cessation of transcription during mitosis are thought to challenge the resumption of appropriate transcription patterns following mitosis. The acetyl-lysine binding protein BRD4 has been previously suggested to function as a transcriptional “bookmark” on mitotic chromatin. Here, genome-wide location analysis of BRD4 in erythroid cells, combined with novel data normalization and peak characterization approaches, reveals that BRD4 widely occupies mitotic chromatin. However, removal of BRD4 from mitotic chromatin does not impair post-mitotic activation of transcription. Additionally, histone mass spectrometry reveals global preservation of most posttranslational modifications (PTMs) during mitosis. In particular, H3K14ac, H3K27ac, H3K122ac, and H4K16ac widely mark mitotic chromatin, especially at lineage-specific genes, and predict BRD4 mitotic binding genome wide. Therefore, BRD4 is likely not a mitotic bookmark but only a “passenger”. Instead, mitotic histone acetylation patterns may constitute the actual bookmarks that restore lineage-specific transcription patterns after mitosis.
2019-04-10 | GSE128161 | GEO
Project description:Global changes in chromatin organization and the cessation of transcription during mitosis are thought to challenge the resumption of appropriate transcription patterns following mitosis. The acetyl-lysine binding protein BRD4 has been previously suggested to function as a transcriptional “bookmark” on mitotic chromatin. Here, genome-wide location analysis of BRD4 in erythroid cells, combined with novel data normalization and peak characterization approaches, reveals that BRD4 widely occupies mitotic chromatin. However, removal of BRD4 from mitotic chromatin does not impair post-mitotic activation of transcription. Additionally, histone mass spectrometry reveals global preservation of most posttranslational modifications (PTMs) during mitosis. In particular, H3K14ac, H3K27ac, H3K122ac, and H4K16ac widely mark mitotic chromatin, especially at lineage-specific genes, and predict BRD4 mitotic binding genome wide. Therefore, BRD4 is likely not a mitotic bookmark but only a “passenger”. Instead, mitotic histone acetylation patterns may constitute the actual bookmarks that restore lineage-specific transcription patterns after mitosis.
2019-04-10 | GSE128150 | GEO
Project description:Mitosis entails global alterations to chromosome structure and nuclear architecture, concomitant with transient silencing of transcription. How cells transmit transcriptional states through mitosis remains incompletely understood. While many nuclear factors dissociate from mitotic chromosomes, the observation that certain nuclear factors and chromatin features remain associated with individual loci during mitosis originated the hypothesis that they could provide transcriptional memory through mitosis. To obtain the first genome-wide view of the dynamics of chromatin structure during mitosis, we compared the DNase sensitivity of interphase and mitotic chromatin at two stages of cellular maturation in a rapidly dividingmurine erythroblastmodel. Despite global chromosome condensation visible during mitosis at the microscopic level, the chromatin accessibility landscape is largely unaltered. However, mitotic chromatin accessibility is locally dynamic, with individual loci maintaining none, some, or all of their interphase accessibility. Mitotic reduction in accessibility occurs primarily within narrow, highly hypersensitive sites that frequently coincide with transcription factor binding sites, whereas broader domains of moderate accessibility tend to be more stable. In mitosis, proximal promoters generally maintain their accessibility, whereas distal regulatory elements preferentially lose accessibility. Promoters with the highest degree of accessibility preservation in mitosis tend to also be accessible across many murine tissues in interphase. Transcription factor GATA1 exerts site-specific changes in interphase accessibility that are most pronounced at distal regulatory elements, but does not visibly influence mitotic accessibility. We conclude that features of open chromatin are remarkably stable through mitosis and are modulated at the level of individual genes and regulatory elements. Dnase-Seq data is integrated with Chip-seq [GSE36589, GSE30142] and RNA-seq to examine epigentic changes in mitosis. We performed DNase-seq on two cell lines, G1E and G1E-ER4, both on an asynchronus population, and on a sample of cells in mitosis; each of the 4 experiments in triplicate.
2014-10-01 | E-GEOD-61885 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The molecular identity of dividing cells is temporarily challenged during mitosis, as transcription is halted and chromatin architecture is drastically altered. The principles and key players that ensure faithful propagation of cell identity upon G1 entry in the daughter cells remain elusive. Here, we used rapidly dividing mouse pluripotent stem cell (PSC) as a study model to characterize for the first time the dynamic transcriptional and architectural resetting of cell identity during mitotic exit, and assess the role of mitotic bookmarking by the active histone mark H3K27 acetylation (H3K27ac). Globally, compartments and topologically associating domains (TADs) were quickly reformed and gradually gained strength and activity throughout G1, while long-range chromatin interactions were reestablished at a slower rate. Binding of PSC-specific transcription factors (TFs) and transcriptional machinery associated with faster boundary insulation and contact formation, while CTCF, Cohesin and Polycomb-bound regions were characterized by a slower architectural resetting. Similarly, transcriptional reactivation of both PSC enhancers and their target genes occurred in early G1, while enhancers and genes involved in housekeeping/cell cycle or differentiation processes were activated in a gradual or transient manner, respectively. Mitotic bookmarking by H3K27ac promoted faster compartmentalization, boundary insulation, and loop formation, as well as rapid transcriptional reactivation. Interestingly, we identified a group of developmental genes and enhancers that were transiently activated in G1 and were marked by H3K27ac specifically during mitosis. This study provides insights into the relative kinetics of transcriptional and architectural rewiring after mitosis and establishes a unique role for H3K27ac bookmarking in the resetting of stem cell identity.
2021-03-01 | GSE138928 | GEO
Project description:The molecular identity of dividing cells is temporarily challenged during mitosis, as transcription is halted and chromatin architecture is drastically altered. The principles and key players that ensure faithful propagation of cell identity upon G1 entry in the daughter cells remain elusive. Here, we used rapidly dividing mouse pluripotent stem cell (PSC) as a study model to characterize for the first time the dynamic transcriptional and architectural resetting of cell identity during mitotic exit, and assess the role of mitotic bookmarking by the active histone mark H3K27 acetylation (H3K27ac). Globally, compartments and topologically associating domains (TADs) were quickly reformed and gradually gained strength and activity throughout G1, while long-range chromatin interactions were reestablished at a slower rate. Binding of PSC-specific transcription factors (TFs) and transcriptional machinery associated with faster boundary insulation and contact formation, while CTCF, Cohesin and Polycomb-bound regions were characterized by a slower architectural resetting. Similarly, transcriptional reactivation of both PSC enhancers and their target genes occurred in early G1, while enhancers and genes involved in housekeeping/cell cycle or differentiation processes were activated in a gradual or transient manner, respectively. Mitotic bookmarking by H3K27ac promoted faster compartmentalization, boundary insulation, and loop formation, as well as rapid transcriptional reactivation. Interestingly, we identified a group of developmental genes and enhancers that were transiently activated in G1 and were marked by H3K27ac specifically during mitosis. This study provides insights into the relative kinetics of transcriptional and architectural rewiring after mitosis and establishes a unique role for H3K27ac bookmarking in the resetting of stem cell identity.
2021-03-01 | GSE139064 | GEO
Project description:The molecular identity of dividing cells is temporarily challenged during mitosis, as transcription is halted and chromatin architecture is drastically altered. The principles and key players that ensure faithful propagation of cell identity upon G1 entry in the daughter cells remain elusive. Here, we used rapidly dividing mouse pluripotent stem cell (PSC) as a study model to characterize for the first time the dynamic transcriptional and architectural resetting of cell identity during mitotic exit, and assess the role of mitotic bookmarking by the active histone mark H3K27 acetylation (H3K27ac). Globally, compartments and topologically associating domains (TADs) were quickly reformed and gradually gained strength and activity throughout G1, while long-range chromatin interactions were reestablished at a slower rate. Binding of PSC-specific transcription factors (TFs) and transcriptional machinery associated with faster boundary insulation and contact formation, while CTCF, Cohesin and Polycomb-bound regions were characterized by a slower architectural resetting. Similarly, transcriptional reactivation of both PSC enhancers and their target genes occurred in early G1, while enhancers and genes involved in housekeeping/cell cycle or differentiation processes were activated in a gradual or transient manner, respectively. Mitotic bookmarking by H3K27ac promoted faster compartmentalization, boundary insulation, and loop formation, as well as rapid transcriptional reactivation. Interestingly, we identified a group of developmental genes and enhancers that were transiently activated in G1 and were marked by H3K27ac specifically during mitosis. This study provides insights into the relative kinetics of transcriptional and architectural rewiring after mitosis and establishes a unique role for H3K27ac bookmarking in the resetting of stem cell identity.
2021-03-01 | GSE138964 | GEO
Project description:Mitosis entails global alterations to chromosome structure and nuclear architecture, concomitant with transient silencing of transcription. How cells transmit transcriptional states through mitosis remains incompletely understood. While many nuclear factors dissociate from mitotic chromosomes, the observation that certain nuclear factors and chromatin features remain associated with individual loci during mitosis originated the hypothesis that they could provide transcriptional memory through mitosis. To obtain the first genome-wide view of the dynamics of chromatin structure during mitosis, we compared the DNase sensitivity of interphase and mitotic chromatin at two stages of cellular maturation in a rapidly dividingmurine erythroblastmodel. Despite global chromosome condensation visible during mitosis at the microscopic level, the chromatin accessibility landscape is largely unaltered. However, mitotic chromatin accessibility is locally dynamic, with individual loci maintaining none, some, or all of their interphase accessibility. Mitotic reduction in accessibility occurs primarily within narrow, highly hypersensitive sites that frequently coincide with transcription factor binding sites, whereas broader domains of moderate accessibility tend to be more stable. In mitosis, proximal promoters generally maintain their accessibility, whereas distal regulatory elements preferentially lose accessibility. Promoters with the highest degree of accessibility preservation in mitosis tend to also be accessible across many murine tissues in interphase. Transcription factor GATA1 exerts site-specific changes in interphase accessibility that are most pronounced at distal regulatory elements, but does not visibly influence mitotic accessibility. We conclude that features of open chromatin are remarkably stable through mitosis and are modulated at the level of individual genes and regulatory elements.
2014-10-01 | GSE61885 | GEO
Project description:During mitosis, transcription of genomic DNA is dramatically reduced, before its reactivation occurs during nuclear reformation in anaphase/telophase. Many aspects of the underlying principles that mediate transcriptional memory and reactivation in the daughter cells remain unclear. Here, we used ChIP-seq on synchronized cells at different stages after mitosis to generate genome-wide maps of histone modifications. In combination with EU-RNA-seq and Hi-C analyses, we show that, during prometaphase, promoters, enhancers, and insulators retain H3K4me3 and H3K4me1, while losing H3K27ac. Enhancers harboring mitotic H3K4me1 are associated with cell type-specific transcription factor motifs and mitotic activation of cell identity genes. As cells exit mitosis, promoters regain H3K27ac, which correlates with transcriptional reactivation. Insulators also gain H3K27ac and CCCTC binding factors (CTCF) in anaphase/telophase. This increase may play a role in the establishment of topologically associating domains (TADs). Together, our results show that the genome is reorganized in sequential order, in which histone methylations occur first in prometaphase, histone acetylation and CTCF in anaphase/telophase, transcription in cytokinesis, and long-range chromatin interactions in early G1. Our results provide insights into the histone modification landscape that allows faithful reestablishment of the transcriptional program and TADs during cell division.
2020-06-11 | GSE141137 | GEO
Project description:During mitosis, transcription of genomic DNA is dramatically reduced, before its reactivation occurs during nuclear reformation in anaphase/telophase. Many aspects of the underlying principles that mediate transcriptional memory and reactivation in the daughter cells remain unclear. Here, we used ChIP-seq on synchronized cells at different stages after mitosis to generate genome-wide maps of histone modifications. In combination with EU-RNA-seq and Hi-C analyses, we show that, during prometaphase, promoters, enhancers, and insulators retain H3K4me3 and H3K4me1, while losing H3K27ac. Enhancers harboring mitotic H3K4me1 are associated with cell type-specific transcription factor motifs and mitotic activation of cell identity genes. As cells exit mitosis, promoters regain H3K27ac, which correlates with transcriptional reactivation. Insulators also gain H3K27ac and CCCTC binding factors (CTCF) in anaphase/telophase. This increase may play a role in the establishment of topologically associating domains (TADs). Together, our results show that the genome is reorganized in sequential order, in which histone methylations occur first in prometaphase, histone acetylation and CTCF in anaphase/telophase, transcription in cytokinesis, and long-range chromatin interactions in early G1. Our results provide insights into the histone modification landscape that allows faithful reestablishment of the transcriptional program and TADs during cell division.
2020-06-11 | GSE141081 | GEO
Project description:During mitosis, transcription of genomic DNA is dramatically reduced, before its reactivation occurs during nuclear reformation in anaphase/telophase. Many aspects of the underlying principles that mediate transcriptional memory and reactivation in the daughter cells remain unclear. Here, we used ChIP-seq on synchronized cells at different stages after mitosis to generate genome-wide maps of histone modifications. In combination with EU-RNA-seq and Hi-C analyses, we show that, during prometaphase, promoters, enhancers, and insulators retain H3K4me3 and H3K4me1, while losing H3K27ac. Enhancers harboring mitotic H3K4me1 are associated with cell type-specific transcription factor motifs and mitotic activation of cell identity genes. As cells exit mitosis, promoters regain H3K27ac, which correlates with transcriptional reactivation. Insulators also gain H3K27ac and CCCTC binding factors (CTCF) in anaphase/telophase. This increase may play a role in the establishment of topologically associating domains (TADs). Together, our results show that the genome is reorganized in sequential order, in which histone methylations occur first in prometaphase, histone acetylation and CTCF in anaphase/telophase, transcription in cytokinesis, and long-range chromatin interactions in early G1. Our results provide insights into the histone modification landscape that allows faithful reestablishment of the transcriptional program and TADs during cell division.
2020-06-11 | GSE141067 | GEO