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Microarray analysis of the effect of the xenobiotic beta-aminobutyric acid in Arabidopsis ecotype Co

ABSTRACT: Summary: The non-protein amino acid beta-aminobutyric acid (BABA) primes Arabidopsis to respond more quickly and strongly to pathogen and osmotic stress. Here, we report that BABA also significantly enhanced acquired thermotolerance in Arabidopsis. This thermotolerance was dependent on heat shock protein 101, a critical component of the normal heat shock response. BABA did not enhance basal thermotolerance under a severe heat shock treatment. No roles for the hormones ethylene and salicylic acid in BABA-induced acquired thermotolerance were identified by mutant analysis. By global gene expression analysis, transcript levels for several transcription factors and DNA binding proteins regulating responses to the stress hormone abscisic acid (ABA) were found to be elevated in BABA-treated relative to water-treated plants. The role of ABA in BABA-induced thermotolerance was complex. BABA-enhanced thermotolerance was partially compromised in the ABA-insensitive mutant, abi1-1, but was augmented in abi2-1. In an unrelated process, BABA, like ABA, inhibited root growth and the level of inhibition was roughly additive in roots treated with both compounds. Root growth of both abi1-1 and abi2-1 was also inhibited by BABA. Unexpectedly, abi1-1 and abi2-1 root growth was inhibited more strongly by combined ABA and BABA treatments than by BABA alone. Our results together with previously published data suggest that BABA is a general enhancer of plant stress resistance and that cross-talk occurs between BABA and ABA signalling cascades. Specifically, the BABA-mediated accumulation of ABA transcription factors without concomitant activation of a downstream ABA response could represent one component of the BABA-primed state in Arabidopsis. Overall design: A replicate experimental design type is where a series of replicates are performed to evaluate reproducibility or as a pilot study to determine the appropriate number of replicates for a subsequent experiments. Keywords: replicate_design

ORGANISM(S): Arabidopsis thaliana

PROVIDER: GSE9515 | GEO | 2008/01/10

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA103315

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Summary: The non-protein amino acid beta-aminobutyric acid (BABA) primes Arabidopsis to respond more quickly and strongly to pathogen and osmotic stress. Here, we report that BABA also significantly enhanced acquired thermotolerance in Arabidopsis. This thermotolerance was dependent on heat shock protein 101, a critical component of the normal heat shock response. BABA did not enhance basal thermotolerance under a severe heat shock treatment. No roles for the hormones ethylene and salicylic acid in BABA-induced acquired thermotolerance were identified by mutant analysis. By global gene expression analysis, transcript levels for several transcription factors and DNA binding proteins regulating responses to the stress hormone abscisic acid (ABA) were found to be elevated in BABA-treated relative to water-treated plants. The role of ABA in BABA-induced thermotolerance was complex. BABA-enhanced thermotolerance was partially compromised in the ABA-insensitive mutant, abi1-1, but was augmented in abi2-1. In an unrelated process, BABA, like ABA, inhibited root growth and the level of inhibition was roughly additive in roots treated with both compounds. Root growth of both abi1-1 and abi2-1 was also inhibited by BABA. Unexpectedly, abi1-1 and abi2-1 root growth was inhibited more strongly by combined ABA and BABA treatments than by BABA alone. Our results together with previously published data suggest that BABA is a general enhancer of plant stress resistance and that cross-talk occurs between BABA and ABA signalling cascades. Specifically, the BABA-mediated accumulation of ABA transcription factors without concomitant activation of a downstream ABA response could represent one component of the BABA-primed state in Arabidopsis. Overall design: A replicate experimental design type is where a series of replicates are performed to evaluate reproducibility or as a pilot study to determine the appropriate number of replicates for a subsequent experiments. Arabidopsis Col-0 plants were grown in ProMix HP (Premier Horticulture, Red Hill, PA, USA) for 14 days and the soil was drenched with a 0.25 mM BABA solution 1 day prior to harvesting samples for RNA preparation. These plants were grown in a growth chamber at 21?C with a 14-hr photoperiod. All plants were grown at a light intensity of about 100 ? 150 ?E m-2 s-1. BABA (mixed isomers, Sigma, Milwaukee, WI, USA) was diluted in water at indicated concentration. A biological sample represents a comparison between plants that were water-treated (green channel) to plants drenched with BABA (red channel). This study represents 4 independent biological replicates. Computed

Project description:Several lipocalin genes from higher plants were shown to be responsive to both high and low temperature stresses and have been named as temperature-induced lipocalin (Til). In this study, a reverse genetic approach was taken to elucidate the role of Arabidopsis Til1 (At5g58070) in thermotolerance. We showed that Til1 proteins was constitutively expressed and increased significantly after heat shock treatment. A T-DNA knockout line of Til1, designated as til1-1, could not produce Til1 and showed severe defects in basal and acquired thermotolerance. Introducing a wild type copy of Til1 gene into til1-1 complemented the mutant phenotype. Over-expression of Til1 in the wild type plant did not enhance thermotolerance. Til1 is peripherally associated with plasma membrane, suggesting a regulatory or protective role of this protein in membrane function. Transcriptomic analysis showed that the heat shock response in til1-1 was not altered as compared to the wild type plants. The temperature threshold for heat shock protein induction was not affected by the level of Til1. Ion leakage analysis revealed no significant difference in membrane stability between the wild type and til1-1 seedlings. These results suggested that Til1 is not involved in regulating membrane fluidity or stability. Nevertheless, the level of malondialdehyde was significantly higher in til1-1 than in the wild type after severe heat treatment. The mutant plants were also more sensitive than the wild type to tert-butyl hydroperoxide, a reagent that induces lipid peroxidation. Taken together, our data indicate that Til1 is an essential component for thermotolerance probably by acting against lipid peroxidation induced by severe heat stress. Experiment Overall Design: Total RNA was isolated from the seedlings of 7-d old wild-type and til1-1 mutant seedlings (a pool of about 100 plants per treatment in duplicates) harvested immediately after heat shock treatment. In this experiment, total 8 chips were used, 1 each for 2 biological replicates of the control and HS-treated samples for the wild type and mutant plants.

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Microarray analysis of the effect of the xenobiotic beta-aminobutyric acid in Arabidopsis ecotype Co

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