Similar Datasets
Project description:Pax1 and Pax9 play redundant, synergistic functions in the patterning and differentiation of the sclerotomal cells that give rise to the vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs (IVD) of the axial skeleton. Gene expression profiling of an enriched population of Pax1/Pax9-expressing cells of the embryonic IVD revealed that Pax1 and Pax9 regulate cell proliferation, cartilage development, collagen fibrillogenesis and other processes vital in early IVD morphogenesis. Twenty-nine of the Pax1/Pax9 targets are also associated with axial skeletal defects that phenocopy Pax1/Pax9-deficient mice. Pax1 likely auto-regulates itself and is up-regulated in the absence of Pax9, clarifying how it compensates for the loss of Pax9, while Pax9 is unaffected by the loss of Pax1. Pax1 and Pax9 positively regulate several of the cartilage development genes known to be regulated by the “Sox trio” (Sox5/Sox6/Sox9).
2017-08-25 | GSE63017 | GEO
Project description:Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a more aggressive and deadlier form of lung cancer with limited effective therapies currently available. By utilizing a genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 dropout screen, we have identified the Paired box protein 9 (PAX9) as an essential factor for the cell viability of SCLC-A type, which accounts for approximately 70% of all SCLC. PAX9 is transcriptionally driven by the BAP1/ASXL3/BRD4 epigenetic axis and is overexpressed in human malignant SCLC tumor samples. Genome-wide studies have revealed that PAX9 occupies distal enhancer elements and represses gene expression by restricting enhancer activity. Genetic depletion of PAX9 leads to a dramatic induction of a primed-active enhancer transition, resulting in an increased expression of a large number of neural differentiation and tumor-suppressive genes in multiple SCLC cell lines. Mechanistically, PAX9 interacts and co-functions with the Nucleosome Remodeling and Deacetylase (NuRD) complex at enhancers and they repress the nearby gene expression, which could be rescued by pharmacological HDAC inhibition. Overall, this study provides mechanistic insight into the oncogenic function of the PAX9/NuRD complex epigenetic axis in human SCLC and suggests that re-activation of the primed enhancers may have therapeutic efficacy in treating SCLC-A type cancers expressing high levels of PAX9.
2021-08-03 | GSE164247 | GEO
Project description:The aim of this study was to identify differentially expressed genes within the pharyngeal arches of Pax9-null embryos at E9.5. Mice null for Pax9 die in the neonatal period with complex cardiovascular defects, caused by abnormal morphogenesis of the pharyngeal arch arteries.
2019-08-28 | GSE128087 | GEO
Project description:Nonsyndromic clefts of the palate and/or lip are common birth defects arising in about 1/700 live births worldwide. They are caused by multiple genetic and environmental factors, can only be corrected surgically and require complex post-operative care that imposes significant burdens on individuals and society. Our understanding of the molecular networks that control palatogenesis has advanced through studies on mouse genetic models of cleft palate. In particular, the transcription factor Pax9 regulates palatogenesis through the Bmp, Fgf and Shh pathways in mice. But there is still much to learn about Pax9’s relationship with other signaling pathways in this process. Expression analyses and unbiased gene expression profiling studies offer a molecular explanation for the resolution of palatal defects by showing that Wnt and Eda/Edar-related genes are expressed in normal palatal tissues and that the Wnt and Eda/Edar signaling pathway is downstream of Pax9 in palatogenesis.
2017-08-15 | GSE89603 | GEO
Project description:Cell fate determination and maintenance play critical roles in establishing and preserving tissue identity and function during organ development. Aberrant cell fate transitions can lead to cancer cells acquiring lineage plasticity, resulting in tumor heterogeneity and resistance to treatment. Trp63 (p63) is a transcription factor important for the formation of stratified squamous epithelium in the esophagus. Here, we report an unexpected role of p63 in protecting esophageal basal progenitor cells from committing to a neuroendocrine fate. Combination of single cell RNA sequencing analysis, lineage tracing and in vitro differentiation, we found that deletion of p63 in developing murine esophagus and in human embryonic stem cells results in extensive differentiation towards neuroendocrine lineage.
2024-07-25 | GSE263694 | GEO
Project description:Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) play central roles in periodontal ligament (PDL) tissue homeostasis, repair, and regeneration. Previously, we established a protocol to differentiate human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural crest-like cells (iNCs) into PDLSC-like cells (iPDLSCs) using human PDL cell-derived extracellular matrix (ECM). However it remained unclear what factors principally regulate the differentiation of iNCs into iPDLSCs. In this study, we aimed to identify the transcription factor regulating production of human PDL cell-derived ECM, which is responsible for the generation of iPDLSCs. We cultured iNCs on two human PDL cell lines (HPDLC-3S and HPDLC-3U) and human dermal fibroblasts (HDF). iNCs cultured on HPDLC-3U showed higher iPDLSC-associated gene expression and mesenchymal differentiation capacity than cells cultured on HDF or HPDLC-3S. The transcription factor PAX9 was highly expressed in HPDLC-3U compared with HDF and HPDLC-3S. iNCs cultured on siPAX9-transfected HPDLC-3U displayed downregulation of iPDLSC-associated marker expression and adipocytic differentiation capacity relative to controls. Our findings suggest that PAX9 is one of the transcription factors regulating ECM production in human PDL cells, which is responsible for the differentiation of iNCs into iPDLSCs.
2022-07-18 | GSE208250 | GEO
Project description:MafB is a member of the Maf family of bZip transcription factor and plays important roles in the developmental processes of various tissues, as well as in cell-type specific gene expression. MafB is expressed in differentiating keratinocytes in mice and is transcriptionally up-regulated upon human keratinocyte differentiation in vitro. In MafB-deficient mice, epidermal differentiation is partially impaired and the cornified layer is thinner. To gain insights into more detailed molecular mechanisms of MafB regulation of epidermal development, we performed microarray analysis of mRNAs isolated from dorsal skin epidermis of MafB-/- and wild-type mice at E18.5. Epidermis was separated from dorsal skin tissues of E18.5 mouse embryos (MafB-/- and WT) by Dispase (Life Technologies) treatment. Total RNA was isolated using Trizol reagent (Life Technologies), purified using an RNeasy mini kit (Qiagen), and subjected to microarray analysis.
2015-11-26 | E-GEOD-75388 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:We investigated the clinical implications of lung developmental transcription factors (TTF-1, NKX2-8, and PAX9) which we recently discovered as cooperating oncogenes activated by way of gene amplification at chromosome 14q13 in lung cancer. Using stable transfectants of human bronchial epithelial cells, RNA expression profiles (signatures) representing activation of the biological pathways defined by each of the three genes were determined and used to risk stratify a non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) clinical dataset consisting of ninety-one early stage tumors. Co-activation of the TTF-1 and NKX2-8 pathways identified a cluster of patients with poor survival, representing approximately 20% of patients with early stage NSCLC, whereas activation of individual pathways did not reveal significant prognostic power. Importantly, the poor prognosis associated with co-activation of TTF-1 and NKX2-8 was validated in two other independent clinical datasets. Further, lung cancer cell lines showing co-activation of the TTF-1 and NKX2-8 pathways were shown to exhibit resistance to cisplatin, the standard of care for the treatment of NSCLC. Since TTF-1 and NKX2-8 lack specific inhibitors at the current time, we explored an alternative therapeutic strategy. Using signatures of signaling pathway activation, we identified deregulation of specific oncogenic pathways (Ras and Myc) in the TTF-1/NKX2-8 co-activated cohort. In vitro experiments demonstrated the ability of a Ras pathway-specific therapy to inhibit tumor cell growth in TTF-1/NKX-2 activated cells, thus, suggesting that modulation of the Ras pathway is a rational strategy to targeted therapy in high risk NSCLC patients with co-activation of specific lung developmental pathways. Experiment Overall Design: Six controls and six replicates of each transcription factor (TTF1, NKX2-8, PAX9) were prepared and analyzed.
2009-04-10 | E-GEOD-9212 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:PPARg is a nuclear receptor that plays an important role in lipid metabolism, homeostasis and immunity. Microarray analysis of gene expression was performed in macrophages from WT and PPARg KO mice. Differentially expressed genes were selected for further analysis.
2010-09-24 | GSE24292 | GEO
Project description:PAX9 is a transcription factor of the PAX family characterized by a DNA-binding paired domain. Previous studies have suggested a potential role of PAX9 in squamous cell differentiation and carcinogenesis of the oro-oesophageal epithelium. However, its functional roles in differentiation and carcinogenesis remain unclear. In this study, Pax9 deficiency in mouse oesophagus promoted cell proliferation, delayed cell differentiation, and altered the global gene expression profile. Ethanol exposure downregulated PAX9 expression in human oesophageal epithelial cells in vitro and mouse forestomach and tongue in vivo. We further showed that PAX9 was downregulated in human oro-oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OESCC), and its downregulation was associated with alcohol drinking and promoter hypermethylation. Moreover, ad libitum feeding with a liquid diet containing ethanol for 40 weeks or Pax9 deficiency promoted N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine-induced squamous cell carcinogenesis in mouse tongue, oesophagus, and forestomach. In conclusion, PAX9 regulates squamous cell differentiation in the oro-oesophageal epithelium. Alcohol drinking and promoter hypermethylation are associated with PAX9 silencing in human OESCC. PAX9 downregulation may contribute to alcohol-associated oro-oesophageal squamous cell carcinogenesis. Copyright © 2017 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
| S-EPMC5842438 | biostudies-literature