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Genome-wide identification of mRNAs involved in potato response to drought exhibiting functional evolutionary conservation with Arabidopsis plants

ABSTRACT: Drought is one of the main climate threats for crop plant production limitation. Climate change models predict constant global warming accompanied by strong reduction in water availability, especially for agricultural needs. Potato belongs to crop plants that are considered as sensitive to water shortage. Global estimation analyses show that drought may decrease potato yield by 18-32% in the period of 2040-2069 (Hijmans, 2003, Obidiegwu et al. 2015, Front in Plant science). Crop models predict that potato yields may reduce by ~30% as a result of water deficit in Poland (http://www.climateadaptation.eu/poland/agriculture-and-horticulture/). Genetic variability between potato cultivars has been described regarding their tolerance to drought (Soltys-Kalina et al. 2016). To diminish the effect of forecasted potato harvest losses, it is crucial to identify as many as possible potato plant strategies to withstand long drought periods during vegetative season. For this reason, we decided to analyse the expression differences in transcriptomes independently in two selected pairs of potato cultivars, Gwiazda/Oberon and Tajfun/Owacja. Cultivars in each pair are closely related to each other (having one parent in common or one grandparent in common, respectively) but differ in their sensitivity to drought conditions. In this paper, we identified at least 24 top selected genes whose expression profiles differ significantly during drought period when closely related studied cultivars are compared. Moreover, all but one of selected potato genes have their homologues in Arabidopsis plant genome. We found that A. thaliana mutants with mostly downregulated expression of seven selected homologous genes differ in their response to drought. To our knowledge, all of these genes were until now not reported as drought-related. Thus, our original approach and obtained results allowed to identify new players in plant response to drought.

ORGANISM(S): Solanum tuberosum

PROVIDER: GSE97776 | GEO | 2018/02/14

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Systems responses of mature leaves from 4 reference cultivars of a larger collection of European potato cultivars (Solanum tuberosum L.) are investigated by metabolome profiling and RNA-Sequencing. The chosen reference cultivars, Milva, Alegria, Desiree, and Saturna, vary in ascending order in regard to drought tolerance. Systems analyses are based on 3 independent field trials and 3 paralleled greenhouse trials. Robust responses across all cultivars and conditions to natural seasonal drought stress comprise proline, raffinose, galactinol, arabitol, arabinonic acid, chlorogenic acid, and 102 transcripts which consist to a high proportion of heat shock proteins and genes with signaling or regulatory functions, such as a homolog of abscisic acid receptor PYL4. Constitutive differences of the tolerant cultivars, Desiree and Saturna, compared to the sensitive cultivars include arbutin (hydroquinone-beta-D-glucopyranoside), octopamine (p-hydroxyphenylethanolamine), ribitol and 248 differential transcripts. Many of these transcripts are disease related, receptor kinases, or regulatory genes, for example a homolog of the Arabidopsis FOUR LIPS MYB-regulator of stomatal cell proliferation. Functional enrichment analyses imply that heat stress is a major acclimation component of potato leaves to agronomical relevant drought stress. Enhanced leaf heat stress is a result of drought caused by loss of transpiration cooling. This effect and CO2-limitation are the main dilemmas of drought- or ABA-induced stomatal closure. Constitutive differences between tolerant and sensitive cultivars indicate partially synergistic interactions of drought and biotic stress responses. We suggest that drought tolerance of the potato reference cultivars may be caused by general resistance mechanisms which are part of previously selected pathogen tolerance. Transcriptome profiling by RNA-sequencing of 48 leaf samples from 4 potato cultivars grown under control or drought stress conditions in 6 independent experiments

Project description:The experiment was carried out during two vegetation seasons from 25th of April to 10th of September. Two Polish potato cultivars, the drought-tolerant Gwiazda and drought-sensitive Oberon were used. Selected tubers with transverse diameters of 3 - 4 cm were pre-sprouted for 2 weeks before planting. Plants were grown in a vegetation hall in pots filled with a thin layer of gravel on the bottom and the universal vegetable soil substrate ‘Hollas’ (Agaris Polska Ltd., Poland) produced from peat with the addition of chalk at a pH range of 5.5-6.5. Additionally, in phase 20 of the BBCH-scale of plant development, MIS-3 (Intermag) fertilizer was applied. Water content (WC) in volumetric basis in soil pots was measured according Black (1965). Weather conditions during the years of study were monitored using a Weather Campbell Station (Campbell Scientific Inc.) located in close proximity, and a thermohygrograph placed between pots. Meteorological data of air temperature, the photosynthetically active radiation, and humidity were comparable in the years of study and favorable for potato development. Three weeks after the initiation of the tuberisation phase (56 DAP), plants were divided into 3 groups, each consisting of 6 plants. The first group of plants was subjected to soil drought (remained without irrigation, day/night temperature 22°C/18°C), the second one to high temperature (day/night temperature 38°C/25°C) and the third one was watered according to needs and at optimal temperature (control plants, day/night temperature 22°C/18°C). Stress application lasted 14 days and finished at 70 DAP. During this period, plants were placed in phytotron equipped with six Hortilux Schreder Lamps with Philips light bulbs of 1600 W each. Air humidity was in the range 65-70%. WC under 14 days of soil drought reached 30% (v/v), and remained 80% (v/v) in control and high temperature conditions. During the recovery period, after 14 days of stress treatment, WC reached control levels. Plant root material for proteomic research was collected on the 14th day of stress treatment (70 DAP).

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Genome-wide identification of mRNAs involved in potato response to drought exhibiting functional evolutionary conservation with Arabidopsis plants

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