Arginine-specific effects on the transcriptome of Streptococcus mutans probed by RNA-seq
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Streptococcus mutans
PROVIDER: GSE98020 | GEO | 2017/05/20
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA383680
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:Streptococcus mutans, the primary etiologic agent of human dental caries, and a variety of oral Streptococcus and Actinomyces spp. synthesize high molecular mass homopolymers of fructose (fructans) with predominantly β2,1- (inulins) or β2,6-linkages (levans). The ability of S. mutans to degrade fructans contributes to the severity of dental caries. The extracellular product of fruA of S. mutans is an exo-β-D-fructofuranosidase that releases fructose from levan and inulin. Located 70 bp downstream of fruA, fruB encodes a member of the glycoside hydrolase family 32, but the function of FruB has not been established.In this study, the transcriptomic analysis of UA159 and a fruB mutant grown on 0.2% levan revealed differential expression of genes encoding ABC transporters, transcriptional regulators and genes involved in growth and stress tolerance. The results provide new insights into the mechanisms of action by which FruB utilizes homo-polymers of fructose, specifically levan. The findings significantly enhance our understanding of the genetics and physiology of this cariogenic pathogen S. mutans.
2022-04-15 | GSE200727 | GEO
Project description:Dental caries is the most common chronic infectious disease worldwide and disproportionally affects marginalized socioeconomic groups. Streptococcus mutans is a considered a primary etiologic agent of caries, with its pathogenicity dependent on coordinated physiologic stress responses that mitigate the damage caused by oxidative and acid stress, which are frequently encountered. In this study, the proteome of S. mutans was examined during growth in acidic and oxidative stresses, as well in nox and treR deletion mutants. 607 proteins were differentially expressed across the strains/growth conditions, and modules of co-expressed proteins were identified, which enabled mapping the acid and oxidative stress responses across S. mutans metabolism. The presence of TreR was linked to mutacin production via LytTR system signaling and to oxidative stress via mutanobactin production. The data provided by this study will guide future research elucidating S. mutans pathogenesis and developing improved preventative and treatment modalities for dental caries.
2021-10-21 | MSV000088252 | MassIVE
Project description:Recent RNA-seq studies have given us a deeper insight into the cariogenic impact of carbohydrate sources in the bacterium Streptococcus mutans, the principal etiological agent of human dental caries. The process of dental caries development is given by the ability of this bacterium to ferment some carbohydrates up to organic acids contributing to the pH decrease in the oral cavity and the demineralization of the enamel. Besides, in dental caries progression, an important role is played by biofilm formation, which starts and ends with free planktonic cells, and it is given by several unique properties called virulence factors. The most cariogenic carbohydrate is considered sucrose, an easily metabolizable source of energy inducing acidification and synthesis of glucans forming typical bacterial cell clumps. By using multifaceted methodological approaches, we compared the transcriptomic and metabolomic profiles of S. mutans growing in planktonic culture on preferred and non-preferred carbohydrates and fasting conditions. Lactose and xylitol showed high effectiveness in the regulation of the IPS metabolism, cell wall structure and overall virulence involved in the initial phase of biofilm formation and structure but with an opposite pattern compared to sucrose and glucose. These findings confirm the recent results that xylitol and lactose play a vital role in biofilm structure but do not reduce its formation related to their cariogenic potential.
2023-12-18 | GSE207392 | GEO
Project description:Background. Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is a potentially curative therapy for a wide range of pediatric malignant and nonmalignant diseases. However, complications, including blood stream infection (BSI) remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality. While certain bacteria that are abundant in the oral microbiome, such as S. mitis, can cause BSI, the role of the oral microbial community in the etiology of BSI is not well understood. The finding that the use of xylitol wipes, which specifically targets the cariogenic bacteria S. mutans is associated with reduced BSI in pediatric patients, lead us to investigate dental caries as a risk factor for BSI. Methods. A total of 41 pediatric patients admitted for allogenic or autologous HCT, age 8 months to 25 years, were enrolled. Subjects with high dental caries risk were identified as those who had dental restorations completed within 2 months of admission for transplant, or who had untreated decay. Fisher’s exact test was used to determine if there was a significant association between caries risk and BSI. Dental plaque and saliva were collected on a cotton swab from a subset of 4 high caries risk (HCR) and 4 low caries risk (LCR) children following pretransplant conditioning. 16SrRNA sequencing was used to compare the microbiome of HCR and LCR subjects and to identify microbes that were significantly different between the 2 groups. Results. There was a statistically significant association between caries risk and BSI (p<0.035) (Fisher’s exact test). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed children in the high dental caries risk group were 21.39 times more likely to have BSI, with no significant effect of age or mucositis severity. HCR subjects showed significantly reduced microbial alpha diversity as compared to LCR subjects. LEfse metagenomic analyses, showed the oral microbiome in HCR children enriched in order Lactobacillales. This order includes Streptococcus and Lactobacillus, both which contain bacteria primarily associated with dental caries. Discussion. These findings support the possibility that the cariogenic microbiome can enhance the risk of BSI in pediatric populations. Future metagenomic analyses to measure microbial differences at, before, and after conditioning related to caries risk, may further unravel the complex relationship between the oral microbiome, and whether it affects health outcomes such as BSI.
2022-04-05 | GSE199991 | GEO
Project description:Global transcriptional analysis of acid-inducible genes in Streptococcus mutans: multiple two-component systems involved in acid adaptation pH is a major environmental factor that regulates gene expression in many bacteria. Streptococcus mutans in dental biofilms is regularly exposed to cycles of acidic pH during the ingestion of fermentable dietary carbohydrates. The ability of S. mutans to tolerate low pH is crucial for its virulence and the pathogenesis in dental caries. To better understand its acid tolerance mechanisms, we used DNA microarray to perform genome-wide transcriptional analysis of S. mutans in response to acidic pH. The results showed that adaptation of S. mutans to pH 5.5 for 2 hrs induced differential expression of nearly 14% of genes in the genome, including 169 up-regulated genes and 108 down-regulated genes, largely categorized into six groups. Especially, we found that the genes encoding multiple two-component systems, including CiaHR, LevSR, LiaSR, ScnKR, HK/RR07 and ComDE, were up-regulated during acid adaptation. These findings were further confirmed by real time qRT-PCR and phenotypic assays of the gene deletion mutants. The results support that the multiple two-component systems are required for S. mutans to orchestrate its signal transduction networks for optimal adaptation to acidic pH.
2009-03-06 | GSE15125 | GEO
Project description:For Streptococcus mutans, the major etiologic agent of human dental caries, sucrose is the carbohydrate that contributes in the most significant manner to establishment, persistence and virulence of the organism. However, because this organism produces multiple extracellular sucrolytic enzymes that can release hexoses from sucrose, it has not been possible to study the specific effects of sucrose transport and metabolism on gene expression in the absence of carbohydrates that by themselves can elicit catabolite repression and induce expression of multiple genes. Employing RNA deep sequencing (RNA-Seq) technology and mutants that lacked particular sucrose-metabolizing enzymes, we compared the transcriptomes of S. mutans growing on glucose, fructose or sucrose as the sole carbohydrate. The results provide a variety of new insights into the impact of sucrose transport and metabolism by S. mutans, including the likely expulsion of fructose after sucrose internalization and hydrolysis, and identified a set of genes that are differentially regulated by sucrose versus fructose. The findings significantly enhance our understanding of the genetics and physiology of this cariogenic pathogen.
2015-11-12 | GSE74939 | GEO
Project description:<h4><strong>BACKGROUND: </strong><em>Streptococcus mutans</em> is a major pathogen responsible for dental caries. Arginine is a promising potential caries preventive agent which can inhibit the growth of <em>S. mutans</em>. However, the mechanism whereby arginine inhibits <em>S. mutans</em> growth remains unclear.</h4><h4><strong>AIM: </strong>To assess the impact of arginine-induced metabolomic perturbations on <em>S. mutans</em> under biofilm conditions.</h4><h4><strong>METHODS: </strong>We identified 5,933 and 7,413 ions in positive (ESI+) and negative (ESI-) electrospray ion modes, respectively, with a total of 11.05% and 11.58% differential ions subsequently detected in two respective modes. Further analyses of these metabolites led to identification of 8 and 22 metabolic pathways that were affected by arginine treatment in ESI+ and ESI- modes.</h4><h4><strong>RESULTS: </strong>Once or twice daily treatments of <em>S. mutans</em> biofilms with arginine resulted in reductions in biofilm biomass. Significant reductions in EPS production were observed following twice daily arginine treatments. Identified metabolites that were significantly differentially abundant following arginine treatment were associated with glycolysis metabolism, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, and peptidoglycan synthesis.</h4><h4><strong>CONCLUSIONS: </strong>Arginine can reduce <em>S. mutans</em> biofilm growth and acid production by inhibiting glycolysis, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, and peptidoglycan synthesis.</h4>
2023-10-20 | MTBLS3020 | MetaboLights
Project description:Astronauts have been previously shown to exhibit decreased salivary lysozyme and increased dental calculus and gingival inflammation in response to space flight, host factors that could contribute to oral diseases such as caries and periodontitis. However, the specific physiological response of caries-causing bacteria such as Streptococcus mutans to space flight and/or ground-based simulated microgravity has not been extensively investigated. In this study, High Aspect Ratio Vessel (HARV) S. mutans simulated microgravity and normal gravity cultures were assessed for changes in metabolite and transcriptome profiles, H2O2 resistance, and competence in sucrose-containing biofilm media. Stationary phase S. mutans simulated microgravity cultures displayed increased killing by H2O2 compared to normal gravity control cultures, but competence was not affected. RNA-seq analysis revealed that expression of 153 genes was up-regulated ≥ 2-fold and 94 genes down-regulated ≥ 2-fold during simulated microgravity HARV growth. These included a number of genes located on extrachromosomal elements, as well as genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism, translation, and stress responses. Collectively, these results suggest that growth under microgravity analog conditions promotes changes in S. mutans gene expression and physiology that may translate to an altered cariogenic potential of this organism during space flight missions.
2017-03-01 | GSE90166 | GEO
Project description:Streptococcus mutans, the organism most frequently associated with the development of dental caries, is able to utilize a diverse array of carbohydrates for energy metabolism. One such molecule is trehalose, a disaccharide common in human foods, which has recently been implicated in enhancing the virulence of epidemic strains of the pathogen, Clostridium difficile. In this study, deletion mutants of all three genes in the putative S. mutans trehalose utilization operon were characterized and shown to be required for wild-type levels of growth when trehalose was the only carbohydrate source provided. Interestingly, the TreR transcriptional regulator appeared to be critical for responding to oxidative stress, and for mounting a protective stress tolerance response following growth at moderately acidic pH. RNAseq of a treR deletion mutant suggested that in S. mutans, TreR acts as a trehalose-sensing activator of transcription of the tre operon, rather than a repressor, as described in other species. In addition, deletion of treR caused the down-regulation of a number of genes involved in genetic competence and bacteriocin production, supporting results of a recent study linking trehalose and the S. mutans competence pathways. Finally, deletion of treR compromised the ability of S. mutans to inhibit the growth of the competing species, Streptococcus gordonii and Lactococcus lactis. Taken together, this study solidifies the role of the S. mutans tre operon in trehalose utilization and suggests novel functions for the TreR regulator, including roles in stress response and competitive fitness.
2018-04-16 | GSE110275 | GEO
Project description:Oral streptococci metabolize carbohydrate to produce organic acids, not only decrease the environmental pH, but also increase osmolality of dental plaque fluid due to tooth demineralization and consequent calcium and phosphate accumulation. Thus, to persevere in the dental plaque, acidogenic bacteria should evolve sophisticated molecular machineries to counter the detrimental effect of elevated osmolality. This study was aimed to obtain a global view on strategies taken by streptococcus mutans to deal with physiologically relevant elevated osmolality, and preserves within a cariogenic dental plaque. We investigated phenotypic change of S. mutans biofilm upon sub-lethal level of hyperosmotic challenge. We found that hyperosmotic condition was able to initiate S. mutans biofilm dispersal by reducing both microbial content and extracellular polysaccharides matrix. We then used DNA microarray with qPCR validation to systemically investigate the underlying molecular machinery of this bacteria in response to hyperosmotic stimuli. Among those identified 50 differentially regulated genes, down-regulation of gtfB and comC were believed to be responsible for the observed biofilm dispersal. Further analysis of microarray data showed significant up-regulation of genes and pathways involved in carbohydrates metabolism. Specific genes involved in heat shock response and acid tolerance were also upregulated, indicating potential cross-talk between hyperosmotic and other environmental stress. Based on the data obtained in this study, we believe that although hyperosmotic condition may induce significant stress response on S. mutans, this cariogenic bacterium has evolved sophisticated molecular machineries to counter those elicited detrimental effects. In the meantime, it will take full advantage of these environmental stimuli to better fit the fluctuating environments within oral cavity, and thus emerge as numeric-predominant bacteria under cariogenic conditions. A six-chip study using total RNA recovered from mid-logarithmic phase of S. mutans UA159 from three separate cultures of strains submitted for 15 minutes to hyperosmotic stimuli (0.4M NaCl) and three separate cultures of strains kept under no stress condition.
2013-08-31 | E-GEOD-47170 | biostudies-arrayexpress