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Identification of candidate genes associated with temperature-dependent sex determination of Reeves' Turtle (Mauremys reevesii) by genome-wide transcriptome analysis

ABSTRACT: In the present study, the eggs of Chinese pond turtles (Mauremys reevesii) were incubated at three temperatures (26℃, 29℃ and 32℃). During the thermosensitive period (TSP) of incubation, the adrenal-kidney-gonad (AKG) complexes were sampled, and the transcriptome differences of the AKG samples were investigated using next-generation sequencing, then candidate genes associated with temperature-dependent sex determination of Reeves' Turtle were identified.

ORGANISM(S): Mauremys reevesii

PROVIDER: GSE98234 | GEO | 2022/04/01

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:After gastrulation, oviductal hypoxia maintains turtle embryos in an arrested state prior to oviposition. Subsequent exposure to atmospheric oxygen upon oviposition initiates recommencement of embryonic development. Arrest can be artificially extended for several days after oviposition by incubation of the egg under hypoxic conditions, with development recommencing in an apparently normal fashion after subsequent exposure to normoxia. To examine the transcriptomic events associated with embryonic arrestAfter gastrulation, oviductal hypoxia maintains turtle embryos in an arrested state prior to oviposition. Subsequent exposure to atmospheric oxygen upon oviposition initiates recommencement of embryonic development. Arrest can be artificially extended for several days after oviposition by incubation of the egg under hypoxic conditions, with development recommencing in an apparently normal fashion after subsequent exposure to normoxia. To examine the transcriptomic events associated with embryonic arrest, RNA-sequencing analysis was performed on embryos from freshly laid eggs and eggs incubated in either normoxia (oxygen tension ~159 mmHg) or hypoxia (<8 mmHg) for 36 hours (h) after oviposition (n = 5 per group). The patterns of gene expression differed markedly among the three experimental groups. Normal embryonic development in normoxia was associated with up-regulation of genes involved in DNA replication, the cell cycle, and mitosis, but these genes were commonly down-regulated after incubation in hypoxia. Many target genes of hypoxia inducible factors, including insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1, were down-regulated by normoxic incubation but upregulated by incubation in hypoxia. Notably, some of the transcriptomic effects of hypoxia in green turtle embryos resembled those reported by others to be associated with hypoxia-induced embryonic arrest in diverse taxa, including budding yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), the annelid Caenorhabditis elegans, and zebrafish (Danio rerio). Thus, while among oviparous species, hypoxia-induced pre-ovipositional embryonic arrest appears to be a unique adaptation of turtles, mechanisms underlying hypoxia-induced embryonic arrest per se may be highly conserved across the diverse taxa in which this mechanism operates. We report the transciptional changes in Chelonia mydas embryos incubated in either normoxia or hypoxia comapred to freshly laid eggs.

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Identification of candidate genes associated with temperature-dependent sex determination of Reeves' Turtle (Mauremys reevesii) by genome-wide transcriptome analysis

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