Chd1p recognizes H3K36Ac to maintain nucleosome positioning near the transcription start site
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Saccharomyces cerevisiae
PROVIDER: GSE98804 | GEO | 2020/05/11
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:Histone lysine (K) acetylation is a major mechanism by which cells regulate the structure and function of chromatin, and new sites of acetylation continue to be discovered. Here we identify and characterize histone H3K36 acetylation (H3K36ac). By mass spectrometric analysis of H3 purified from Tetrahymena thermophila and S. cerevisiae (yeast), we find that H3K36 is acetylated in addition to being methylated. Using an antibody specific to H3K36ac, we show that this modification is conserved in mammals. In yeast, genome-wide ChIP-chip experiments show that H3K36ac is localized predominantly to the promoters of RNA polymerase II-transcribed genes, a pattern mutually exclusive to that of H3K36 methylation. The pattern of H3K36ac localization is similar to that of other sites of H3 acetylation, including H3K9ac and H3K14ac. Using histone acetyltransferase complexes purified from yeast, we show that the Gcn5-containing SAGA complex specifically acetylates H3K36 in vitro. Deletion of GCN5 completely abolishes H3K36ac in vivo. The regulation of H3K36ac by Gcn5 suggests a function for this modification in transcription. These data expand our knowledge of the genomic targets of Gcn5, show H3K36ac is highly conserved, and raise the intriguing possibility that the transition between H3K36ac and H3K36me acts as a switch in chromatin function along transcription units. This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
2006-11-01 | GSE5544 | GEO
Project description:We investigate how DNA sequence, ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling and nucleosome-depleted 'barriers' co-operate to determine the kinetics of nucleosome organization, in a stochastic model of nucleosome positioning and dynamics. We find that 'statistical' positioning of nucleosomes against 'barriers', hypothesized to control chromatin structure near transcription start sites, requires active remodeling and therefore cannot be described using equilibrium statistical mechanics. We show that, unlike steady-state occupancy, DNA site exposure kinetics near a barrier is dominated by DNA sequence rather than by proximity to the barrier itself. The timescale for formation of positioning patterns near barriers is proportional to the timescale for active nucleosome eviction. We also show that there are strong gene-to-gene variations in nucleosome positioning near barriers, which are eliminated by averaging over many genes. Our results suggest that measurement of nucleosome kinetics can reveal information about sequence-dependent regulation that is not apparent in steady-state nucleosome occupancy.
| S-EPMC3874171 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ChIP-chip experiments were done to analyze the global distribution of H3K36Ac in yeast Keywords: ChIP-chip
2006-11-01 | GSE5541 | GEO
Project description:In eukaryotic cells, DNA is tightly packed in the nucleus in chromatin which has histones as its main protein component. Histones are subject to a large number of distinct post-translational modifications, whose sequential or combinatorial action affects genome function. Here, we report the identification of acetylation at lysine 36 in histone H3 (H3K36ac) as a modification in Arabidopsis thaliana. H3K36ac was found to be an evolutionary conserved modification in seed plants. It is highly enriched in euchromatin and very low in heterochromatin. Genome-wide ChIP-seq experiments revealed that H3K36ac is generally found at the 5â?? end of genes. Independently of gene length, H3K36ac covers about 500 bp, about two to three nucleosomes, immediately downstream of the transcriptional start. H3K36ac overlaps with H3K4me3 and the H2A.Z histone variant. The histone acetyl transferase GCN5 and the histone deacetylase HDA19 are required for normal steady state levels of H3K36ac in plants. There is negative crosstalk between H3K36ac and H3K36me3, mediated by the histone methyl transferase SDG8 and GCN5. H3K36ac levels are associated with transcriptional activity but show no linear relation. Instead, H3K36ac is a binary indicator of transcription Characterization of the genome-wide distribution of H3K36ac using ChIP-seq. Analysis of the mechanistic crosstalk in the deposition of acetylation and methylation at H3K36 by ChIP-seq of H3K36ac and H3K36me3 in sdg8-2 and gcn5-1, respectively.
2016-04-05 | E-GEOD-74841 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The recruitment of RNA-Pol-II to the transcription start site (TSS) is an important step in gene regulation in all organisms. Core promoter elements (CPE) are conserved sequence motifs that guide Pol-II to the TSS by interacting with specific transcription factors (TFs). However, only a minority of animal promoters contains CPEs. It is still unknown how Pol-II selects the TSS in their absence. Here we present a comparative analysis of promoters' sequence composition and chromatin architecture in five eukaryotic model organisms, which shows the presence of common and unique DNA-encoded features used to organize chromatin. Analysis of Pol-II initiation patterns uncovers that, in the absence of certain CPEs, there is a strong correlation between the spread of initiation and the intensity of the 10 bp periodic signal in the nearest downstream nucleosome. Moreover, promoters' primary and secondary initiation sites show a characteristic 10 bp periodicity in the absence of CPEs. We also show that DNA natural variants in the region immediately downstream the TSS are able to affect both the nucleosome-DNA affinity and Pol-II initiation pattern. These findings support the notion that, in addition to CPEs mediated selection, sequence-induced nucleosome positioning could be a common and conserved mechanism of TSS selection in animals.
| S-EPMC5055345 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ChIP-chip experiments were done to analyze the global distribution of H3K36Ac in yeast Keywords: ChIP-chip
2006-11-01 | GSE5540 | GEO
Project description:ChIP-chip experiments were done to analyze the global distribution of H3K36Ac in yeast Keywords: ChIP-chip
2006-11-01 | GSE5484 | GEO
Project description:The relationship between the positioning of nucleosomes and transcription start sites (TSSs) is unclear. Here, we report that deletion of the Fun30 class chromatin remodelers Fft2 and Fft3 leads to depletion of +1 nucleosome occupancy. Strikingly, in the vast majority of cases, this depletion had no impact on the placement of the TSS, favoring a model where TSS placement is primarily DNA sequence-driven.
2018-06-30 | GSE85046 | GEO
Project description:In eukaryotic cells, DNA is tightly packed in the nucleus in chromatin which has histones as its main protein component. Histones are subject to a large number of distinct post-translational modifications, whose sequential or combinatorial action affects genome function. Here, we report the identification of acetylation at lysine 36 in histone H3 (H3K36ac) as a modification in Arabidopsis thaliana. H3K36ac was found to be an evolutionary conserved modification in seed plants. It is highly enriched in euchromatin and very low in heterochromatin. Genome-wide ChIP-seq experiments revealed that H3K36ac is generally found at the 5’ end of genes. Independently of gene length, H3K36ac covers about 500 bp, about two to three nucleosomes, immediately downstream of the transcriptional start. H3K36ac overlaps with H3K4me3 and the H2A.Z histone variant. The histone acetyl transferase GCN5 and the histone deacetylase HDA19 are required for normal steady state levels of H3K36ac in plants. There is negative crosstalk between H3K36ac and H3K36me3, mediated by the histone methyl transferase SDG8 and GCN5. H3K36ac levels are associated with transcriptional activity but show no linear relation. Instead, H3K36ac is a binary indicator of transcription
2016-04-05 | GSE74841 | GEO
Project description:Nucleosome depletion at transcription start sites (TSS) has been documented genome-wide in multiple eukaryotic organisms. However, the mechanisms that mediate this nucleosome depletion and its functional impact on transcription remain largely unknown. We have studied these issues at human MHC class II (MHCII) genes. Activation-induced nucleosome free regions (NFR) encompassing the TSS were observed at all MHCII genes. Nucleosome depletion was exceptionally strong, attaining over 250-fold, at the promoter of the prototypical HLA-DRA gene. The NFR was induced primarily by the transcription factor complex that assembles on the conserved promoter-proximal enhancer situated upstream of the TSS. Functional analyses performed in the context of native chromatin demonstrated that displacing the NFR without altering the sequence of the core promoter induced a shift in the position of the TSS. The NFR thus appears to play a critical role in transcription initiation because it directs correct TSS positioning in vivo. Our results provide support for a novel mechanism in transcription initiation whereby the position of the TSS is controlled by nucleosome eviction rather than by promoter sequence.
| S-EPMC2677874 | biostudies-other