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Nano-structural analysis of engrafted human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes in mouse hearts using a genetic-probe APEX2.

ABSTRACT: Using APEX2, an engineered peroxidase, as an imaging tag, we successfully located iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) engrafted in post-myocardial infarction mouse hearts for more than 6 months. APEX2 caused clear contrast in X-ray microscopy and electron microscopy, and relatively well organized sarcomere structures were formed in iPSC-CMs. Electron microscopic tomography further found the development of T-tubules and dyads in APEX2-labelled cells, which are the signature characteristics of the maturation of cardiomyocytes.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE99470 | GEO | 2018/12/01

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:ABSTRACT Background: Viral myocarditis is a life-threatening illness that may lead to heart failure or cardiac arrhythmias. This study examined whether human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) could be used to model the pathogenic processes of coxsackievirus-induced viral myocarditis and to screen antiviral therapeutics for efficacy. Methods and Results: Human iPSC-CMs were infected with a luciferase-expressing mutant of the coxsackievirus B3 strain (CVB3-Luc). Brightfield microscopy, immunofluorescence, and calcium imaging were used to characterize virally infected hiPSC-CMs. Viral proliferation on hiPSC-CMs was subsequently quantified using bioluminescence imaging. For drug screening, select antiviral compounds including interferon beta 1 (IFNβ1), ribavirin, pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC), and fluoxetine were tested for their capacity to abrogate CVB3-Luc proliferation in hiPSC-CMs in vitro. The ability of some of these compounds to reduce CVB3-Luc proliferation in hiPSC-CMs was consistent with the reported drug effects in previous studies. Finally, mechanistic analyses via gene expression profiling of hiPSC-CMs infected with CVB3-Luc revealed an activation of viral RNA and protein clearance pathways within these hiPSC-CMs after IFNβ1 treatment. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that hiPSC-CMs express the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor, are susceptible to coxsackievirus infection, and can be used to confirm antiviral drug efficacy. Our results suggest that the hiPSC-CM/CVB3-Luc assay is a sensitive platform that could be used to screen novel antiviral therapeutics for their effectiveness in a high-throughput fashion. For this experiment, human induced pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes were infected with coxsackievirus at multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 5 for 8 hours. Cells were treated with and without interferon beta 1 in order to determine if treatment activates antiviral response genes and/or viral clearance pathways. 4 total samples (2 for each condition) were analyzed

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Nano-structural analysis of engrafted human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes in mouse hearts using a genetic-probe APEX2.

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