Investigate the mechanism ofearly childhood caries (ECC) development
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo Sapiens
SUBMITTER: 
Yang Chen
PROVIDER: PXD048619 | iProX | Wed Jan 17 00:00:00 GMT 2024
REPOSITORIES: iProX
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Project description:Human saliva microbiota is phylogenetically divergent among host individuals yet their roles in health and disease are poorly appreciated. We employed a microbial functional gene microarray, HuMiChip 1.0, to reconstruct the global functional profiles of human saliva microbiota from ten healthy and ten caries-active adults. Saliva microbiota in the pilot population featured a vast diversity of functional genes. No significant distinction in gene number or diversity indices was observed between healthy and caries-active microbiota. However, co-presence network analysis of functional genes revealed that caries-active microbiota was more divergent in non-core genes than healthy microbiota, despite both groups exhibited a similar degree of conservation at their respective core genes. Furthermore, functional gene structure of saliva microbiota could potentially distinguish caries-active patients from healthy hosts. Microbial functions such as Diaminopimelate epimerase, Prephenate dehydrogenase, Pyruvate-formate lyase and N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase were significantly linked to caries. Therefore, saliva microbiota carried disease-associated functional signatures, which could be potentially exploited for caries diagnosis. The DMFT INDEX (Decayed, Missing, Filled [DMF] teeth index used in dental epidemiology) values are provided for each sample We employed a microbial functional gene microarray, HuMiChip 1.0, to reconstruct the global functional profiles of human saliva microbiota from ten healthy and ten caries-active adults.
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Project description:Childhood caries is an extremely common childhood chronic disease, affecting 60–90% of children in industrialized countries. It results in lesions in both the primary and permanent dentitions, hospitalizations and emergency room visits, high treatment costs, loss of school days, diminished ability to learn increases the risk of caries in adulthood. Streptococcus mutans is a key bacteria in caries development. While multiple caries risk factors have been identified, significant interpersonal variability not explained by known risk factors still exists. The immune system generates a personal antibody repertoire that helps maintain a balanced and healthy oral microbiome. Using mass-spectrometry, we probed in an hypothesis-free manner which S. mutans proteins are identified by antibodies of children with low and high DMFT (decayed, missing, filled teeth) scores. We identified a core set of proteins, recognized by the immune system of most individuals. This set was enriched with proteins enabling bacterial adhesion, and included glucosyltransferases and glucan-binding proteins known to be important for S. mutans cariogenicity. To explore the physiological relevance of these findings, we tested the ability of saliva from caries free individuals in preventing S. mutans from binding to the tooth surface. Indeed, saliva from individuals with caries free prevented S. mutans binding to teeth. These findings map the S. mutans proteome targeted by the immune system and suggest that inhibiting tooth attachment is a primary mechanism used by the immune system to maintain oral balance and prevent caries. These findings provide new insights into the role of the immune system in maintaining oral health and preventing caries development.
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Project description:The composition of the salivary microbiota has been reported to differentiate between patients with periodontitis, dental caries and orally healthy individuals. Thus, the purpose of the present investigation was to compare metaproteomic profiles of saliva in oral health and disease. Stimulated saliva samples were collected from 10 patients with periodontitis, 10 patients with dental caries and 10 orally healthy individuals. Samples were analyzed by means of shotgun proteomics. 4161 different proteins were recorded out of which 1946 and 2090 were of bacterial and human origin respectively. The human proteomic profile displayed significant overexpression of the complement system and inflammatory mediators in periodontitis and dental caries. Bacterial proteomic profiles and functional annotation were very similar in health and disease. Data revealed multiple potential salivary proteomic biomarkers of oral disease. In addition, comparable bacterial functional profiles were observed in periodontitis, dental caries and oral health, which suggest that the salivary microbiota predominantly thrives in a planktonic state expressing no characteristic disease-associated metabolic activity. Future large-scale longitudinal studies are warranted to reveal the full potential of proteomic analysis of saliva as a biomarker of oral health and disease.
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