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System-Wide Identification of Wild-Type SUMO-2 Conjugation Sites

ABSTRACT: SUMOylation is a reversible post-translational modification regulating all nuclear processes. Identification of SUMOylation sites by mass spectrometry has been hampered by bulky tryptic fragments, which thus far necessitated the use of mutated SUMO. Here, we present a dataset generated through a SUMO-specific protease-based methodology which circumvents this problem, dubbed Protease-Reliant Identification of SUMO Modification (PRISM). PRISM allows for detection of SUMOylated proteins as well as identification of specific sites of SUMOylation while using wild-type SUMO. The method is generic and could be widely applied to study lysine post-translational modifications. PRISM was employed in combination with high-resolution mass spectrometry to identify SUMOylation sites from HeLa cells under standard growth conditions and in response to heat shock. 751 wild-type SUMOylation sites on endogenous proteins were identified, including 200 dynamic SUMO sites in response to heat shock. Thus, we have developed the first method capable of quantitatively studying wild-type mammalian SUMO at the site-specific and system-wide level.

INSTRUMENT(S): Q Exactive

ORGANISM(S): Homo Sapiens (ncbitaxon:9606)

SUBMITTER: Alfred C.O. Vertegaal

PROVIDER: MSV000080714 | MassIVE | Tue Mar 28 23:44:00 BST 2017

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PXD001798

REPOSITORIES: MassIVE

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System-Wide Identification of Wild-Type SUMO-2 Conjugation Sites

Project description:SUMOylation is a reversible post-translational modification regulating all nuclear processes. Identification of SUMOylation sites by mass spectrometry has been hampered by bulky tryptic fragments, which thus far necessitated the use of mutated SUMO. Here, we present a dataset generated through a SUMO-specific protease-based methodology which circumvents this problem, dubbed Protease-Reliant Identification of SUMO Modification (PRISM). PRISM allows for detection of SUMOylated proteins as well as identification of specific sites of SUMOylation while using wild-type SUMO. The method is generic and could be widely applied to study lysine post-translational modifications. PRISM was employed in combination with high-resolution mass spectrometry to identify SUMOylation sites from HeLa cells under standard growth conditions and in response to heat shock. 751 wild-type SUMOylation sites on endogenous proteins were identified, including 200 dynamic SUMO sites in response to heat shock. Thus, we have developed the first method capable of quantitatively studying wild-type mammalian SUMO at the site-specific and system-wide level.

2015-06-15 | PXD001798 | Pride

Genome-wide levels of RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) in normally growing or heat-shocked wild-type and sumolyation-deficient ubc9-6 yeast strains

Project description:Many transcription-related proteins are known to be modified by SUMO post-translational modification in yeast, plants, humans and other eukaryotes. We are interested in understanding how cells use sumoylation to regulate transcription of specific genes and globally. To explore this, we carried out ChIP-seq analysis to determine how genomic levels of RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) change when cellular levels of sumoylation are greatly reduced in budding yeast. Compared to wild-type yeast, RNAP occupancy in the sumoylation-deficient ubc9-6 strain was significantly altered for hundreds of genes. Among the genes with the most elevated levels of RNAPII are those involved in translation and ribosome biogenesis, including most ribosomal protein genes. On the other hand, many genes involved in small molecule and amino acid metabolism and biosynthesis showed reduced RNAPII levels in ubc9-6. Exposure of yeast to heat shock is known to cause a widespread change to RNAPII occupancy across the genome. To examine whether cellular sumoylation plays a role in this process, RNAPII ChIP-seq was performed in wild-type and ubc9-6 strains after a brief heat shock. Strikingly, the sumoylation deficient strain showed a far more dramatic redistribution of RNAPII across the genome, with significantly more genes showing a heat-shock induced increase or decrease in RNAPII occupancy. These results imply that cellular sumoylation levels have a significant impact on the regulation of transcription genome-wide, and that normal sumoylation levels are needed to restrain the vast redistribution of RNAPII that occurs in response to heat shock.

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Project description:SUMOylation is a reversible post-translational modification essential for genome stability. Using high-resolution mass spectrometry, we have studied global SUMOylation in mammalian cells and in a site-specific manner, identifying a total of over 4,300 SUMOylation sites in over 1,600 proteins. Moreover, for the first time in excess of 1,000 SUMOylation sites were identified under standard growth conditions. SUMOylation dynamics were quantitatively studied in response to SUMO protease inhibition, proteasome inhibition and heat shock.

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SUMOylation on plant chromatin controls transcription switches between development and heat response [ChIP-Seq]

Project description:SUMOylation, a post-translational protein modification, is dramatically upregulated and critically involved in heat stress response conservatively among species. Previous studies in Arabidopsis indicated that numerous chromatin associated proteins are SUMOylation substrates and most of heat-enhancing SUMOylation reactions occur in nucleus. However, the global functional connection between gene expression regulation and SUMOylation on chromatin is completely unknown in plant cells. Here we show a genome-wide relationship of chromatin-associated SUMOylation and transcription switches under room temperature, heat stress, and recovering conditions in Arabidopsis. The SUMO-associated chromatin sites, characterized via whole-genome ChIP-seq assays, are generally correlated with active chromatin markers. In response to heat stress, we found chromatin-associated SUMO signals increased at promoter-transcriptional start site regions and decreased in the gene bodies. Further RNA-seq analysis supported the role of chromatin-associated SUMOylation in activation of transcription during rapid responses to high temperature. Changing of SUMO signals on chromatin is correlated with upregulation of heat-responsive genes and downregulation of growth-related genes. Disruption of the SUMO ligase gene SIZ1 abolishes SUMO signals on chromatin and attenuates the rapid transcriptional responses to heat stress. Interestingly, the SUMO signal peaks are enriched in DNA elements recognized by distinguished groups of transcription factors under different temperature conditions. Collectively, our data provide evidence that SUMOylation on chromatin regulates transcription switches during development and heat stress response, improving our understanding on the precise roles of SUMOylation in plant cells.

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SUMOylation on plant chromatin controls transcription switches between development and heat response [RNA-Seq]

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Heat shock-induced changes in chromatin binding of SUMO2/3 modified proteins

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Heat shock-induced changes in chromatin binding of SUMO2/3 modified proteins

Project description:Heat shock induces rapid modification of proteins with SUMO2/3. This study concentrated in charaterizing how these changes are reflected on SUMOylation of chromatin bound proteins, trancsription, and chromatin binding of SUMO ligase PIAS1. Comparison of chromatin SUMO2/3 modification pattern in non-stressed and heat shocked K562 and VCaP cells. All samples were done as biological replicates. In K562 cells, SUMO2/3 ChIP-seq was done in non-stressed (37C) and heat shocked (30min at 43C) cells. The effect of heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) to chromatin SUMOylation in HS was studied in HSF1 silenced (shHSF1) K562 cells (non-stressed vs. heat shocked) using scramble shRNA transfected cells as control (shSCR). SUMO2/3, SUMO ligase PIAS1,and RNA polymerase II binding in HS (30 min at 43C) and recovery from HS (1h at 37C after HS) was studied using ChIP-seq. Effect of PIAS1 for chromatin SUMOylation was studied in PIAS1 silenced (siRNA for PIAS1, siPIAS1) cells (non-stressed or heat shocked) using non-targeting siRNA transfected cells as a control (siNON). Effect of SUMOylation to chromatin binding of RNA polymerase II was studied in UBE2I silenced (siRNA for UBE2I) and control (non-targeting siRNA transfected, siNON) VCaP cells (non-stressed or heat shocked). Effect of transtription inhibition for chromatin SUMOylation was studied in TRP (triptolide; 1 micromolar, 3h) and DRB (5,6-Dichlorobenzimidazole 1-beta-D-ribofuranosidase; 100 micromolar, 3h) treated VCaP cells. GRO-seq was used to determine HS-induced changes in nascent transcription in K562 cells.

2015-07-02 | E-GEOD-66448 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Chromatin-Associated SUMOylation Controls the Transcriptional Switch between Plant Development and Heat Stress Responses

Project description:The post-translational protein modiﬁcation known as SUMOylation has conserved roles in the heat stress responses of various species. The functional connection between the global regulation of gene expression and chromatin-associated SUMOylation in plant cells isunknown. Here, we uncovereda genome-wide relationship between chromatin-associated SUMOylation and transcriptional switches in Arabidopsis thaliana grown at room temperature, exposed to heat stress, and exposed to heat stress followed by recovery. The small ubiquitin-like modiﬁer (SUMO)-associated chromatin sites, characterized by whole-genome ChIP-seq, were generally associated with active chromatin markers. In response to heat stress, chromatin-associated SUMO signals increased at promoter-transcriptional start site regions and decreased in gene bodies. RNAseqanalysissupportedthe role ofchromatin-associatedSUMOylationin transcriptionalactivation duringrapid responses to high temperature. Changes inSUMO signals on chromatinwere associated with the upregulation ofheat-responsivegenesandthedownregulationofgrowth-relatedgenes.DisruptionoftheSUMOligasegene SIZ1 abolished SUMO signals on chromatin and attenuated rapid transcriptional responses to heat stress. The SUMO signal peaks were enriched in DNA elements recognized by distinct groups of transcription factors under different temperature conditions. These observations provide evidence that chromatin-associated SUMOylation regulates the transcriptional switch between development and heat stress response in plant cells.

2020-08-04 | GSE140508 | GEO

Endogenous, in vivo, and site-specific characterization of the SUMO architecture across species and organs

Project description:Small ubiquitin-like modifiers (SUMOs) are post-translational modifications that play crucial roles in most cellular processes. While methods exist to study exogenous SUMOylation, large-scale characterization of endogenous SUMO has remained technically daunting. Here, we describe a proteomics approach facilitating system-wide and in vivo identification of lysines modified by endogenous and native SUMO2/3. We identified 14,869 endogenous SUMO sites in human cells during heat stress and proteasomal inhibition, and mapped 1,963 SUMO sites across eight mouse tissues; brain, heart, kidney, lung, liver, muscle, spleen, and testis. Quantification of the SUMO equilibrium highlighted striking differences in SUMO metabolism, between cells and tissues. Targeting preferences of SUMO varied across different organ types, coinciding with markedly differential SUMOylation states of all enzymes involved in the SUMO conjugation cascade. Collectively, our systemic investigation details the SUMOylation architecture across species and organs and provides a resource of endogenous SUMOylation sites on factors important in organ-specific functions and disease.

2018-06-26 | PXD008003 | Pride

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