Phosphoproteomic characterization of infulenza A virus infected human macrophages
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
INSTRUMENT(S): Q Exactive
ORGANISM(S): Homo Sapiens (ncbitaxon:9606)
SUBMITTER: 
Tuula Nyman
PROVIDER: MSV000080717 | MassIVE | Wed Mar 29 00:04:00 BST 2017
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PXD001620
REPOSITORIES: MassIVE
Publications
Phosphoproteomics to Characterize Host Response During Influenza A Virus Infection of Human Macrophages.
Söderholm Sandra S Kainov Denis E DE Öhman Tiina T Denisova Oxana V OV Schepens Bert B Kulesskiy Evgeny E Imanishi Susumu Y SY Corthals Garry G Hintsanen Petteri P Aittokallio Tero T Saelens Xavier X Matikainen Sampsa S Nyman Tuula A TA
Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP 20160802 10
Influenza A viruses cause infections in the human respiratory tract and give rise to annual seasonal outbreaks, as well as more rarely dreaded pandemics. Influenza A viruses become quickly resistant to the virus-directed antiviral treatments, which are the current main treatment options. A promising alternative approach is to target host cell factors that are exploited by influenza viruses. To this end, we characterized the phosphoproteome of influenza A virus infected primary human macrophages ...[more]
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Project description:Human primary macrophages were infected with influenza A virus (H3N2/Udorn strain, HA 256) for 6 hrs or left untreated. Cells were collected and lysed with HEPES lysis buffer (50 mM HEPES, 150 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA, 1 % NP-40, pH 7.4) including protease and phosphatase inhibitor cocktails. The cell lysates were centrifuged and the supernatant was collected and the protein content was measured with Bio-Rad DC™ protein assay (Bio-Rad). The proteins were reduced, alkylated, and enzymatically digested in-solution with trypsin. The digestion was stopped by adding FA (final c = 1 %). The samples were centrifuged 9168 x g for 10 min and desalted with Sep-Pak Vac RP C18 cartridges (Waters, MA, USA), following fractionation by strong cation exchange chromatography (SCX). The peptides were separated on a 200 x 4.6 mm, 5 μm, 200 Å PolySULFOETHYL A™ column (PolyLC, USA). The fractions were vacuum centrifuged and desalted as before, following phosphopeptide-enrichment with PHOS-Select™ Iron Affinity Gel (Sigma Aldrich, MO, USA). LC-MS/MS was performed with a Q Exactive hybrid quadrupole-orbitrap tandem mass spectrometer coupled to an EASY-nLC 1000 nanoflow liquid chromatograph (Thermo Fisher Scientific). A 100 μm x 3 cm trap column and a 75 μm x 15 cm analytical column were in-house packed with Magic C18AQ resin (200 Å, 5 μm; Michrom Bioresources). The mobile phases were 2% acetonitrile, 0.2% formic acid (A) and 95% acetonitrile, 0.2% formic acid (B). LC gradient elution condition was 2% B (0 min), 20% B (70 min), 40% B (100 min), and then 100% B (105-110 min), with a flow rate of 300 nl/min. Data dependent acquisition was performed in positive ion mode. MS spectra were acquired from m/z 300 to m/z 2000 at a resolution of 70,000 at m/z 200 with a target value of 1,000,000 and maximum injection time of 120 ms. The 10 most abundant precursor ions of which charge states were 2+ or higher were selected for higher energy collisional dissociation (HCD) with an isolation window of 2 and normalized collision energy of 30. MS/MS spectra were acquired at a resolution of 17,500 at m/z 200 with a target value of 50,000, maximum injection time of 250 ms, and the lowest mass fixed at m/z 100. Dynamic exclusion duration was 30 s.
2016-08-08 | PXD001620 | Pride
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2019-07-02 | GSE133625 | GEO
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2014-06-30 | PXD000577 | Pride
Project description:The aim of the project was to purify Xenopus replisome from replicationg chromatin assembled in Xenopus laevis egg extract. To this end recombinant Cdc45-TEV-His10-FLAG5 was expressed in bacteria and purified. 4 ml of Xenopus laevis egg extract was activated into interphase and supplemented with 10 ng/µl of demembranated sperm DNA, 70 nM recombinant Cdc45, 40 µM aphidicolin, 5 mM caffeine and incubated at 23°C for 60 min. Chromatin was isolated in ANIB100 buffer (50 mM HEPES pH 7.6, 100 mM KOAc, 10 mM MgOAc, 2.5 mM Mg-ATP, 0.5 mM spermidine, 0.3 mM spermine, 1 µg/ml of each aprotinin, leupeptin and pepstatin, 25 mM β-glycerophosphate, 0.1 mM Na3VO4 and 10 mM 2-chloroacetamide) as described previously (Gillespie, Gambus et al. 2012). Chromatin pellets re-suspended in ANIB100 containing 20% sucrose. Protein complexes were released from chromatin by digestion with 4 U/µl benzonase nuclease (E1014-25KU, Sigma) and sonicated for 5 min using a sonicator with settings: 30 sec on, 30 sec off, low power (Bioruptor Diagenode UCD-200). Immunoprecipitation was performed using 100 µl of anti-FLAG M2 magnetic beads (Sigma-Aldrich). Before elution the sample was washed four times with 1 ml of ANIB100 20% sucrose, ANIB100 20% sucrose 0.1% Triton X-100, ANIB100 and elution buffer (25 mM HEPES pH 7.5, 100 mM KAc, 5 mM MgAc, 1 mM ATP and 0.02% NP-40), respectively. The sample was eluted adding 250 µM 3xFLAG peptide (Stratech) to 200 µl of elution buffer and a small proportion of it analysed by mass spectrometry.
2023-10-27 | PXD044422 | Pride
Project description:This project compares the outer membrane proteome to the proteome of outer membrane vesicles of the bacterium Shewanella onedensis. S. oneidensis outer membrane was purified via the sarkosyl method described in (Brown, 2010). A 50 mL overnight culture of cells were harvested by centrifugation at 10,000× g for 10 min. cell pellet suspended in 20 mL of 20 mM ice-cold sodium phosphate (pH 7.5) and passed four times through a French Press (12000 lb/in2). The lysate was centrifuged at 5,000× g for 30 min to remove unbroken cells. The remaining supernatant was centrifuged at 45,000 × g for 1 h to pellet membranes. Crude membranes were suspended in 20 mL 0.5% Sarkosyl in 20 mM sodium phosphate and shaken horizontally at 200 rpm for 30 min at room temperature. The crude membrane sample was centrifuged at 45,000 × g for 1 h to pellet the OM. The pellet of OM was washed in ice-cold sodium phosphate and recentrifuged. The cells were pelleted by centrifugation at 5000 x g for 20 min at 4°C, and the supernatant was filtered through 0.45 μm pore size filters to remove remaining bacterial cells. Vesicles were obtained by centrifugation at 38,400 x g for 1 h at 4°C in an Avanti J-20XP centrifuge (Beckman Coulter, Inc). Pelleted vesicles were resuspended in 25 ml of 50 mM HEPES (pH 6.8) and filtered through 0.45 μm pore size filters. Vesicles were again pelleted as described above and finally resuspended in 50 mM HEPES, pH 6.8. Extracellular DNA, flagella, and pili can all be co-purified. Protocol was adapted from (Perez-Cruz, 2013).
2021-11-10 | PXD020577 | Pride
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2020-05-18 | PXD012317 | Pride
Project description:The high level of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) present in neuronal genomes suggests that mechanisms interpreting 5hmC in the central nervous system (CNS) may differ from those present in embryonic stem cells. Here we present quantitative, genome-wide analysis of 5hmC, 5- methylcytosine (5mC) and gene expression in differentiated CNS cell types in vivo. We report that 5hmC is enriched in active genes, and that surprisingly strong depletion of 5mC is observed over these regions. The contribution of these epigenetic marks to gene expression depends critically on cell type. We identify methyl-CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2) as the major 5hmC binding protein in the brain, and demonstrate that MeCP2 binds 5hmC and 5mC containing DNA with similar high affinities. The Rett Syndromecausing mutation R133C preferentially inhibits 5hmC binding. 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Thus, the gate selected allows us to enrich the sample from 65-70% to 92-96% on GC cells. 5hmC was pulled down as described (Song et al., 2010). After purification DNA was amplified as described in TruSeq DNA Sample kit. 1-0.5 M-NM-<g of DNA was used for each experiment. Sonicated DNA was end-repaired following by ligation to Illumina paired end sequencing adapters (Illumina, PEM-bM-^@M-^P 102M-bM-^@M-^P 1003).), following by amplification with Illumina primers. Input samples were produced for each cell types in both procedures 5hmC enriched were then sequenced using Illumina platform obtaining more than 50 x10-6, 36- bp single-end reads per sample. Reads were aligned to mm9 mouse genome assembly using Bowtie v0.12.7 (-m1 --best). Two biological replicas were done for each of the cell types Single animals per replica were euthanized with CO2 and cerebella were dissected. 4 cerebella was immediately homogenized in ice-cold homogenization buffer (10 mM HEPES [pH 7.4], 150 mM KCl, 5 mM MgCl2, 0.5 mM dithiothreitol (DTT), 100 M-NM-<g/ml cycloheximide, Complete-EDTA-free protease inhibitors (Roche) and RNasin RNase inhibitors (Promega, Madison, WI) using a Teflon-glass homogenizer. Homogenates were centrifuged for 10 minutes at 2,000 M-CM-^W g, 4 M-BM-0C, to pellet cell debris, and incubated with 1% IGEPAL CA-630 (NP-40, Sigma) and 30 mM DHPC (Avanti Polar Lipids, Alabaster, AL) for 5 min. Lysates were centrifuged for 15 minutes at 20,000 M-CM-^W g to pellet insoluble material. At this point, 30 M-NM-<L of supernatant was saved as input sample. Two custom made mouse anti-GFP (clones 19C8 and 19F7; see Heiman et al., 2008) antibodies were captured on Dynal magnetic beads (Invitrogen Corporation, Carlsbad, CA) coupled with protein L (Pierce, Rockford, IL) . The homogenate was incubated with antibody coupled beads at 4M-BM-0C with end-over-end rotation for approximately 16 hours. Beads were subsequently collected on a magnetic rack, washed three times with high-salt wash buffer (10 mM HEPES [pH 7.4], 350 mM KCl, 5 mM MgCl2, 1% NP-40, 0.5mM DTT, 100 M-NM-<g/ml cycloheximide) and RNA was released and purified using Rneasy Micro Kit (Qiagen, Valencia, CA) with in-column DNase digestion. RNA quantity and quality were determined with a Nanodrop 1000 spectrophotometer (Wilmington, DE) and Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer using RNA 6000 Pico Chip. 4 biological replicas was produced per each cell type. 10 ng of total RNA from cerebellum were converted to cDNA using the NuGEN Ovation RNA-Seq (NuGEN,San Carlos,CA,USA) following manufacturersM-bM-^@M-^Y instructions. The Single Primer Isothermal Amplification (SPIA) method used in this protocol allows the amplification of RNA target in double stranded cDNA under standardized conditions that markedly deplete rRNA without preselecting mRNA. cDNA obtained was quality scored by RNA 6000 PicoChip for Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer (Agilent, Santa Clara, CA, USA). 1 M-NM-<g of cDNA per sample was sonicated using Covaris-S2 system (Covaris Inc., Woburn, MA, USA), cDNA fragments of 200 bp were end-repaired and adapters were ligated for HiSeq 2000 (Ilumina Inc., San Diego, CA, USA) technology using TruSeq DNA Sample kit (Illumina) and following manufacturer`s instructions. Quality of libraries was assesed using HT DNA High Sensitivity Chip (Agilent) for 2100 Bioanalyzer. Single animals per replica were euthanized with CO2 and cerebella were dissected. 4 cerebella was immediately homogenized in ice-cold homogenization buffer (10 mM HEPES [pH 7.4], 150 mM KCl, 5 mM MgCl2, 0.5 mM dithiothreitol (DTT), 100 M-NM-<g/ml cycloheximide, Complete-EDTA-free protease inhibitors (Roche) and RNasin RNase inhibitors (Promega, Madison, WI) using a Teflon-glass homogenizer. Homogenates were centrifuged for 10 minutes at 2,000 M-CM-^W g, 4 M-BM-0C, to pellet cell debris, and incubated with 1% IGEPAL CA-630 (NP-40, Sigma) and 30 mM DHPC (Avanti Polar Lipids, Alabaster, AL) for 5 min. Lysates were centrifuged for 15 minutes at 20,000 M-CM-^W g to pellet insoluble material. At this point, 30 M-NM-<L of supernatant was saved as input sample. Two custom made mouse anti-GFP (clones 19C8 and 19F7; see Heiman et al., 2008) antibodies were captured on Dynal magnetic beads (Invitrogen Corporation, Carlsbad, CA) coupled with protein L (Pierce, Rockford, IL) . The homogenate was incubated with antibody coupled beads at 4M-BM-0C with end-over-end rotation for approximately 16 hours. Beads were subsequently collected on a magnetic rack, washed three times with high-salt wash buffer (10 mM HEPES [pH 7.4], 350 mM KCl, 5 mM MgCl2, 1% NP-40, 0.5mM DTT, 100 M-NM-<g/ml cycloheximide) and RNA was released and purified using Rneasy Micro Kit (Qiagen, Valencia, CA) with in-column DNase digestion. RNA quantity and quality were determined with a Nanodrop 1000 spectrophotometer (Wilmington, DE) and Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer using RNA 6000 Pico Chip. 4 biological replicas was produced per each cell type. 10 ng of total RNA per IP or input sample were converted to cDNA using the NuGEN Ovation RNA-Seq (NuGEN,San Carlos,CA,USA) following manufacturersM-bM-^@M-^Y instructions. The Single Primer Isothermal Amplification (SPIA) method used in this protocol allows the amplification of RNA target in double stranded cDNA under standardized conditions that markedly deplete rRNA without preselecting mRNA. cDNA obtained was quality scored by RNA 6000 PicoChip for Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer (Agilent, Santa Clara, CA, USA). 1 M-NM-<g of cDNA per sample was sonicated using Covaris-S2 system (Covaris Inc., Woburn, MA, USA), cDNA fragments of 200 bp were end-repaired and adapters were ligated for HiSeq 2000 (Ilumina Inc., San Diego, CA, USA) technology using TruSeq DNA Sample kit (Illumina) and following manufacturer`s instructions. Quality of libraries was assesed using HT DNA High Sensitivity Chip (Agilent) for 2100 Bioanalyzer. Single animals per replica were euthanized with CO2 and cerebella were dissected. 4 cerebella was immediately homogenized in ice-cold homogenization buffer (10 mM HEPES [pH 7.4], 150 mM KCl, 5 mM MgCl2, 0.5 mM dithiothreitol (DTT), 100 M-NM-<g/ml cycloheximide, Complete-EDTA-free protease inhibitors (Roche) and RNasin RNase inhibitors (Promega, Madison, WI) using a Teflon-glass homogenizer. Homogenates were centrifuged for 10 minutes at 2,000 M-CM-^W g, 4 M-BM-0C, to pellet cell debris, and incubated with 1% IGEPAL CA-630 (NP-40, Sigma) and 30 mM DHPC (Avanti Polar Lipids, Alabaster, AL) for 5 min. Lysates were centrifuged for 15 minutes at 20,000 M-CM-^W g to pellet insoluble material. At this point, 30 M-NM-<L of supernatant was saved as input sample. Two custom made mouse anti-GFP (clones 19C8 and 19F7; see Heiman et al., 2008) antibodies were captured on Dynal magnetic beads (Invitrogen Corporation, Carlsbad, CA) coupled with protein L (Pierce, Rockford, IL) . The homogenate was incubated with antibody coupled beads at 4M-BM-0C with end-over-end rotation for approximately 16 hours. Beads were subsequently collected on a magnetic rack, washed three times with high-salt wash buffer (10 mM HEPES [pH 7.4], 350 mM KCl, 5 mM MgCl2, 1% NP-40, 0.5mM DTT, 100 M-NM-<g/ml cycloheximide) and RNA was released and purified using Rneasy Micro Kit (Qiagen, Valencia, CA) wit
2013-01-14 | E-GEOD-42880 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Glands were frozen at -80 ºC immediately after being retrieved and stored under this condition until initiating the proteomics analysis protocol. Glands were washed with cold PBS and immersed in 120 l of homogenization buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 6.8, 10 mM DTT, 4% (w/v) SDS). Glands were boiled for 5 min, incubated overnight at 4 ºC and centrifuged at 4 ºC and 13000 rpm for 10 min. The whole gland proteome of each gland was concentrated as described elsewhere (Bonzon-Kulichenko, F. Garcia-Marques, M. Trevisan-Herraz and J. Vazquez, Journal of Proteome Research, 2015, 14, 700-710 (DOI:10.1021/pr5007284).Briefly, samples were loaded into an SDS-PAGE gel (0.5 mm-thick, 4% stacking, and 10% resolving) and the electrophoresis process was stopped when the front entered 2 mm into the resolving gel. The unseparated protein bands were then visualized by Coomassie staining, excised and digested at 37 ºC overnight with 500 l of 25 g/l chymotrypsin (Promega) in 100 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.8 containing 10 mM CaCl2. The cleaved peptides were extracted by incubation for 2 h in 100 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.8 on shaking, acidized with 1% (v/v) trifluoroacetic acid, desalted onto C18 cartridges (Oasis, Waters Corporation, Milford, MA, USA), and dried down.The analysis of the samples proceeded through liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) using an Easy nLC 1000 nano-HPLC coupled to a Q-Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometer (Themo Scientific). Peptides were injected onto a C18 reverse-phase precolumn (Acclaim PepMap100, 75-m i.d., 3-m particle size, 2-cm length, Thermo Scientific), and a reverse-phase analytical column (Acclaim PepMap 100, 75-m, i.d., 3-m particle size, 50-cm length, Thermo Scientific) in buffer A [0.1% formic acid (v/v)] and eluted with a 60 min linear gradient of buffer B [90% acetonitrile, 0.1% formic acid (v/v)], at 200 nL/min. Mass spectrometry (MS) runs consisted of 70000 FT-resolution spectra in the 390-1200 m/z wide range, followed by data-dependent MS/MS spectra of the 15 most intense parent ions acquired along the chromatographic run. High-energy collisional (HCD) fragmentation was performed at 27% of normalized collision energy and the isolation window for the parent ion mass was established at 2 Da.
2022-12-07 | PXD023141 | Pride
Project description:Proteomic analysis of pervanadate-induced tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins in hepatocellular carcinoma WRL 68 cells Protein tyrosine phosphorylation plays critical roles in modulating biological processes such as cellular proliferation, differentiation, migration, apoptosis and metabolism. To profile tyrosine phosphorylated (pTyr) proteins as well as search novel pTyr proteins as cross-talk points among different cellular pathways, we developed a rapid and efficient approach to identify cellular pTyr proteins and their complexes by a combination of subcellular proteomics approach with signal transduction strategies. Human hepatocytic cells from WRL68 cell line were treated with pervanadate (POV), subfractionated into four fractions and then subjected to immunoaffinity purification with anti-pTyr antibody. The eluted mixtures of the anti-pTyr purification were identified by LC-MS/MS. Subcellular fractionation and affinity purification of tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins: WRL68 cells were first grown to 80% confluence in MEM complete medium and then the medium replaced with serum free media. After 15 h, the cells were either untreated or stimulated with 0.1 mM pervanadate (1 mM sodium orthovanadate, 3 mM H2O2) for 10 min. 150-mm cultures of WRL 68 cells were rinsed twice with 4? PBS and then scraped from the dish in 750?l of hypotonic buffer (10 mM Tris, 1 mM NaF, 10 mM IAA, pH 7.5) containing a cocktail of protein inhibitors. After a 20-min incubation on ice, the cells were passed about five times through a 25-g needle. The resulting lysate was subjected to a 15min centrifugation at 1000 rpm at 4?, after which the pellet was resuspended in 250?l of hypotonic buffer and re-extracted by a second round of the trituration and centrifugation. The supernatants of the first and second spins were combined, adjusted to 0.25 M NaCl, and separated into cytosolic (supernatant) and membrane (pellet) fractions bycentrifugation at 19,000 rpm (43,000 g) for 90 min at 4?. All the pellets and total cell lysate were resuspended in RIPA buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl, 150 mM NaCl, 1% Triton X-100, 0.1% SDS, 1% deoxycholic acid sodium) containing 1mM pervanadate with a cocktail of protein inhibitors with sonication aid. Cleared cell lysates were incubated overnight at 4? with 30?l monoclonal anti-phosphotyrosine-agrose (Sigma). Precipitated immune complexes were washed three times with 1×HNTG (20 mM HEPES, 150 mM NaCl, 0.1% Triton X-100, 10% Glycerol, pH 7.5) and then eluted with 100 mM phenyl phosphate (Sigma) in lysis buffer at 4?. Enzyme digestion, mass spectrometry and protein identification: The sample was digested according to the published method. Chromatography was performed using a surveyor LC system (Thermo Finnigan,SanJose,CA) on C18 reverse phase column(RP, 180 µm x 150 mm, BioBasic® C18, 5 µm, Thermo Hypersil-Keystone). The pump flow rate is split 1:100 for a colum flow rate of 1.5 µL/min.The column effluent is directly electrosprayed using the orthogonal metal needle source without further splitting.Mobile phase A is 0.1% formic acid in water,and the B mobile phase is 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile. The separation of peptides obtained by enzymatic digest of bile sample was achieved with a gradient of 2-80% B over 360 min.The column effluent from the reverse phase column was analyzed by LCQ Deca XP ion-trap mass spectrometer.The micro-electrospray interface uses a 30 µm metal needle that is orthogonal to the inlet of the LCQ.The mass spectrometer was set that one full MS scan was followed by three MS/MS scans on the three most intense ion from the MS spectrum with the following Dynamic Exclusion™ settings: repeat count, 1; repeat duration, 0.5 min; exclusion duration, 3.0 min. The acquired MS/MS spectra were automatically searched against protein database for human proteins (SWISS-PROT/TrEMBL) using the TurboSEQUEST program in the BioWorks™ 3.0 software suite. An accepted SEQUEST result had to have a ?Cn score of at least 0.1 (regardless of charge state) and Xcorr (one charge?1.5, two charges?2.0, three charges?2.5). Single peptides that alone identify a protein were manually validated after meeting the above criteria. Bioinformatics analysis: The pI and MW of the proteins were analyzed using ExPASy proteomics tools accessed from http://cn.expasy.org/tools/#proteome. The grand average hydropathicity (GRAVY) values were determined according to Kyte-Doolittle. The protein subcellular location annotation was from SwissProt &TrEMBL protein database (http://us.expasy.org/sprot/). The protein function family was categorized according to Gene Ontology (GO) annotation terms extracted by InterPro (http://www.ebi.ac.uk./interpro/). The annotation of protein phosphorylation was from SwissProt &TrEMBL protein database (http://us.expasy.org/sprot/) and PhosphoSite (http://www.phosphosite.org). The kinases were annotated according to human kinome. Keywords: other
2005-04-07 | GSE2408 | GEO
Project description:We used a comprehensive quantitative proteomic profiling based on LC-MS/MS combined with TMT labeling strategy to analyze frozen-thawed Ashidan yak spermatozoa proteomic dynamic changes under three sequential conditions: density gradient centrifugation-based purification（FTH sperm）, incubation in capacitation medium(CAP sperm), and treatment with the calcium ionophore A23187 to induce the acrosome reaction process(AR sperm). FTH sperm Briefly, sperm-containing straws were thawed for 30 s at 37ºC prior to addition to a prepared 45-90% Percoll solution (Percoll P1644; 3.1mM KCl, 2.9mM NaH2PO4,80mM NaCl, 10mM HEPES, 2mM CaCl2·H2O, 0.4mM MgCl2·6H2O, 26mM Sodium DL-Lactate Solution, 25mM NaHCO3; pH 7.3-7.4) and diluted using modified Tyrode's Hepes buffered medium (Sp-TALPH, 114mM NaCl, 3.2mM KCl, 2mM NaHCO3, 0.4mM NaH2PO4·H2O, 10mM Na Lactate, 2mM CaCl2·H2O, 0.5mM MgCl2·6H2O, 10mM HEPES, 3mg/ml BSA, 0.2mM Na pyruvate, 7.5x10-3mg/ml Gentamicin; pH 7.3-7.4) followed by centrifugation for 10 min at 700 xg to enable the isolation of highly motile sperm. To ensure that the gradient material was completely eliminated from these samples, the sperm cells collected from the bottom layer were washed two times using supplemented Sp-TALPH medium and centrifuged for 5 min at 300 xg. Sperm were then isolated and adjusted to a concentration of 100x106/mL using modified Tyrode's bicarbonate buffered medium (Sp-TALP; 114mM NaCl, 3.2mM KCl, 25mM NaHCO3, 0.4mM NaH2PO4·H2O, 10mM Na Lactate, 2mM CaCl2·H2O, 0.5mM MgCl2·6H2O, 6mg/ml BSA, 0.2mM Na pyruvate, 5x10-3mg/ml Gentamicin; pH 7.3-7.4). A CASA approach was then used to assess sperm motility, with only those samples exhibiting >70% total motility being retained for further analyses, as per previously published protocols. An aliquot containing 100 million FTH sperm was taken from each sample for subsequent protein isolation, with the remaining sperm being incubated in capacitation medium. CAP sperm Capacitation medium was composed of Sp-TALP containing heparin (50 ug/ml) and caffeine (5 mM), and sperm were incubated in this medium for 30 min at 38.5ºC in a 5%CO2 incubator, as these conditions have previously been shown to be optimal for the induction of capacitation in frozen-thawed yak sperm. An aliquot containing 100 million CAP sperm was taken from each sample for subsequent protein isolation. AR sperm AR induction was achieved by treating 990 uL capacitated sperm samples with 10 µL of A23187 (1.0mM in DMSO, CSNpharm, IL, USA) to a final concentration of 10 µM, followed by a 15 min incubation at 38.5ºC, For individual replicates, aliquots of 100 million AR sperm were collected for subsequent protein analyses.
2023-03-11 | PXD035038 | Pride