Project description:Multiplexed quantitative analyses of complex proteomes enable deep biological insight. While a multitude of workflows have been developed for multiplexed analyses, the most quantitatively accurate method (SPS-MS3) suffers from long acquisition duty cycles. We built a new, real-time database search (RTS) platform, Orbiter, to combat the SPS-MS3 method’s longer duty cycles. RTS with Orbiter eliminates SPS-MS3 scans if no peptide matches to a given spectrum. With Orbiter’s online proteomic analytical pipeline, which includes RTS and false discovery rate analysis, it was possible to process a single spectrum database search in less than 10 milliseconds. The result is a fast, functional means to identify peptide spectral matches using Comet, filter these matches, and more efficiently quantify proteins of interest. Importantly, the use of Comet for peptide spectral matching allowed for a fully featured search, including analysis of post-translational modifications, with well-known and extensively validated scoring. These data could then be used to trigger subsequent scans in an adaptive and flexible manner. In this work we tested the utility of this adaptive data acquisition platform to improve the efficiency and accuracy of multiplexed quantitative experiments. We found that RTS enabled a two-fold increase in mass spectrometric data acquisition efficiency. Orbiter’s RTS quantified more than 8000 proteins across 10 proteomes in half the time of an SPS-MS3 analysis (18 hours for RTS, 36 hours for SPS-MS3).
Project description:In the young field of single-cell proteomics (scMS), there is a great need for improved global proteome characterization, both in terms of proteins quantified per cell and quantitative performance thereof. The recently introduced real-time search (RTS) on the Orbitrap Eclipse Tribrid mass spectrometer in combination with SPS-MS3 acquisition has been shown to be beneficial for the measurement of samples that are multiplexed using isobaric tags. Multiplexed single-cell proteomics requires high ion injection times and high-resolution spectra to quantify the single-cell signal, however the carrier channel facilitates peptide identification and thus offers the opportunity for fast on-the-fly precursor filtering before committing to the time intensive quantification scan. Here, we compared classical MS2 acquisition against RTS-SPS-MS3, both using the Orbitrap Eclipse Tribrid MS with the FAIMS Pro ion mobility interface and we present a new acquisition strategy termed RETICLE (RTS Enhanced Quant of Single Cell Spectra) that makes use of fast real-time searched linear ion trap scans to preselect MS1 peptide precursors for quantitative MS2 Orbitrap acquisition. Here we show that classical MS2 acquisition is outperformed by both RTS-SPS-MS3 through increased quantitative accuracy at similar proteome coverage, and RETICLE through higher proteome coverage, with the latter enabling the quantification of over 1000 proteins per cell at a MS2 injection time of 750ms using a 2h gradient.
Project description:In this project we want to compare ovarian cell cancer treated or non treated with cis-platinum. As acquisition strategy we have used a Real Time Search MS3 method in an Orbitrap Eclipse. The acquisition cycle began with an MS1 scanwhere the most intense ions were selected for fragmentation in the ion trap using CID. MS2 spectra were searched in real time with data acquisition using the sp-human database. MS2 spectra with an Xcorr greater than or equal to 1 and less than 10 ppm precursor mas error, triggered the submission of an MS3 spectrum to the instrument. MS3 spectrum, were collected using the multinotch MS3-based TMT method, in a way were ten MS2 fragment ions were captured in the MS3 precursor population using isolation waveforms with multiple frequency notches
Project description:Isobaric tagging is a powerful strategy for global proteome profiling. A caveat of isobaric tag-based quantification is “interference” which may be caused by co-eluting peptides that are co-isolated, co-fragmented, and co-analyzed, thereby confounding quantitative accuracy. Here, we present a two-proteome standard that challenges the mass spectrometer to measure a range of protein abundance ratios in a background of potential interference. The HYpro16 standard consists of TMTpro-labeled human peptides at a 1:1 ratio across all channels into which we spike TMTpro-labeled peptides in triplicate at 20:1, 10:1, 4:1, and 2:1 ratios. We showcase the HYpro16 standard by 1) altering the MS2 isolation window width and 2) using different data acquisition methods (hrMS2, SPS-MS3, RTS-MS3). Our data illustrate that wider isolation widths moderately increase TMT signal, the benefits of which are offset by decreased ratio accuracy. We also show that using real-time database searching (RTS)-MS3 resulted in the most accurate ratios. Additionally, the number of quantified yeast proteins using RTS-MS3 approaches that of hrMS2 when using a yeast-specific database for real-time searching. In short, this quality control standard allows for the assessment of multiple quantitative measurements within a single run which can be compared across instruments to benchmark and track performance.
Project description:Over the past few decades cross-linking mass spectrometry (XLMS) has become a powerful tool for identification of protein-protein interactions and for gaining insight into the structures of proteins in living cells, tissues, and organelles. The development of new crosslinkers, enrichment strategies and data acquisition methods led to the establishment of numerous new software tools specifically for the analysis and interpretation of cross-linking data. We previously published one of these tools called MS Annika, a cross-linking search engine which can accurately identify cross-linked peptides in MS2 spectra from a variety of different MS-cleavable crosslinkers. In this publication we present an updated MS Annika and a new search algorithm that additionally supports processing of data from MS2-MS3-based approaches and identification of peptides from MS3 spectra. In the new MS2-MS3 search algorithm, MS3 spectra are matched to their corresponding precursor doublet peak in the MS2 scan to identify the crosslink modification and the monoisotopic peptide mass. This information is then used to adjust the MS3 spectra for search with MS Amanda, our in-house developed peptide search engine, to identify the cross-linked peptides. Peptides that are identified in the MS2 scan and one or more of the associated product MS3 scans are re-scored with a novel scoring function to reflect the increased confidence. Finally, the detected cross-links are validated by estimating the false discovery rate (FDR) using a target-decoy approach. We evaluated the MS3-search-capabilities of MS Annika on five different datasets covering a variety of experimental approaches and compared it to XlinkX and MaXLinker, two other cross-linking search engines that support MS3 crosslink identification. Three of the datasets were benchmark datasets of synthetic peptides that allow calculation of an experimentally validated FDR, and we show that MS Annika detects up to 4 times more true unique crosslinks than MaXLinker and up to 35% more than XlinkX while simultaneously yielding less false positive hits and therefore a more accurate FDR than the other two search engines. Additionally, for the other two datasets we could show that MS Annika finds between 74% to 2.5 times more crosslinks at 1% estimated FDR and reveals protein-protein interactions that are not detected by either XlinkX or MaXLinker.
Project description:The rise of sample multiplexing in quantitative proteomics for the dissection of complex phenotypic comparisons has been advanced by the development of ever more sensitive and robust instrumentation. Here, we evaluated the utility of the Orbitrap Eclipse Tribrid mass spectrometer (advanced quadrupole filter, optimized FTMS scan overhead) and new instrument control software features (Precursor Fit filtering, TurboTMT and Real-time Peptide Search filtering). Multidimensional comparisons of these novel features increased total peptide identifications by 20% for SPS-MS3 methods and 14% for HRMS2 methods. Importantly Real-time Peptide Search filtering enabled a ~2X throughput improvement for quantification. Across the board, these sensitivity increases were attained without sacrificing quantitative accuracy. New hardware and software features enable more efficient characterization in pursuit of comparative whole proteome insights.
Project description:A tetrameric CID-cleavable cross-linker was synthesized and applied to BSA and isolated mitochondria from mouse hearts. A real-time instrument method was developed to dynamically target released peptides from cross-linked species, enabling their characterization through a series of ms3 scans.
Project description:Performing large-scale plasma proteome profiling is challenging due to limitations imposed by lengthy preparation and instrument time. We present a fully Automated Multiplexed Proteome Profiling Platform (AutoMP3) using the Hamilton VantageTM liquid handling robot capable of preparing hundreds to thousands of samples. To maximize protein depth in single shot runs we combined 16plex Tandem Mass Tags (TMTpro) with high-field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS Pro) and real-time search (RTS). We quantified over 40 proteins / min / sample, doubling the previously published rates. We applied AutoMP3 to investigate the naked mole-rat plasma proteome both as a function of circadian cycle and in response to ultraviolet (UV) treatment. In keeping with the lack of synchronized circadian rhythms in naked mole-rats, we find few circadian patterns in plasma proteins over the course of 48hr. Furthermore, we quantify many disparate changes between mice and naked mole-rats at both 48hr and one week after UV exposure. These species differences in plasma protein temporal responses could contribute to the pronounced cancer resistance observed in naked mole-rats.
Project description:We have compared the performance of seven different strategies in the analysis of a mouse model of Fragile X Syndrome, involving the knockout of the fmr1 gene that is the leading cause of autism spectrum disorder. Focusing on the cerebellum, we show that Data-Independent Acquisition (DIA) and the TMT-based Real-time Search method (RTS) generated the most informative profiles, generating 334 and 329 significantly altered proteins respectively, although the latter still suffered from ratio compression. Label-free methods such as BoxCar and a conventional Data-Dependent Acquisition were too noisy to generate a reliable profile, while TMT methods that do not invoke RTS showed a suppressed dynamic range. The TMT method based on complementary ions (ProC) overcomes ratio compression, but current limitations in ion detection reduces sensitivity. Overall, both DIA and RTS uncovered known regulators of the syndrome and detected alterations in calcium signalling pathways that are consistent with calcium deregulation recently observed in imaging studies.
Project description:The project aims to evaluate the use of a linear ion trap to increase the sensitivity of multiplexed single-cell proteomics. Using diluted mouse peptide samples from C10 and Raw, we compared the proteome coverages, data missingness, and quantification performance between linear ion trap and Orbitrap acquisition modes for both MS2 and MS3 based analysis. The optimized RTS-LIT-MS3 method was further applied to the study of macrophage activation at single-cell resolution. Samples were labeled with 16-plex TMT. Data was searched with FragPipe.