ABSTRACT: Eight male C57BL/6 mice were used in this study. Four (denoted by My*, V*, E*, S*) of the mice were from the same litter of one biological mother (207H), and the other four mice (denoted by J, Ms, N, U) were from the same litter of another biological mother (189C). To explore the potential maternal and co-housing effects, the eight mice were housed in three different individual ventilated cages as follows: My* and V* (littermates of mother mouse 207H) were housed in cage 1; N and U (littermates of mother mouse 189C) were housed in cage 3; E* and S* (littermates of mother mouse 207H), and J and Ms (littermates of mother mouse 189C) were co-housed in cage 2. All mice were housed in a 12-hr light/dark cycle and fed irra- diated water and standard food after weaning at the age of 21 days. Mice were obtained from the Animal and Plant Care Facility of The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, and were bred at the core facility. All experimental procedures involving animals were conducted in compliance with the Animal User Manual and approval was obtained from the Animal Ethics Committee of The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology.
Fecal samples of each mouse were independently collected on the 21st, 22nd, 23rd, 29th, 30th, and 31st day after birth. For individual mouse, fecal samples from the 21st and 22nd day (--3 weeks of age, 1st and 2nd day after weaning), and samples from the 29th and 30th day (--4 weeks of age, 9th and 10th day after weaning), were pooled and subjected to metagenomic sequencing, respectively; samples from the 23rd day (--3 weeks of age, 3rd day after weaning), and the 31 days (--4 weeks of age, 11th day after weaning) were subjected to metaproteomic analysis separately.
The 16 metaproteomic samples were analyzed by metaSpectraST, which indicated a clear gut microbiome changes throughout the short period after weaning, which was possibly associated with the dietary shift from milk to solid food, while no distinctive changes were observed by metagenomic analysis.