A Novel Method for Comprehensive Annotation of Plant Glycosides Based on Untargeted LC-HRMS/MS Metabolomics
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
INSTRUMENT(S): Q Exactive HF
ORGANISM(S): Zea Mays (ncbitaxon:4577)
SUBMITTER: 
Xiuqiong Zhang
PROVIDER: MSV000090015 | MassIVE | Fri Jul 29 07:28:00 BST 2022
REPOSITORIES: MassIVE
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Project description:The developed method was applied to annotate the glycosides from different aerial parts (leaves, silk, and seeds) of maize. A total of 274 glycosides (including 28 acyl-glycosides) were tentatively annotated in maize by the developed method. The method enables effective and reliable annotation for plant glycosides.
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Project description:Ustilago maydis causes common smut in maize, which is characterized by tumor formation in aerial parts of maize. Tumor comes from the de novo cell division of highly developed bundle sheath and subsequent cell enlargement. However, its mechanism is still unknown. Here, we characterize the U. maydis effector Sts2 (Small tumor on seedlings 2), which promotes the division of hyperplasia tumor cells. Upon infection, Sts2 is translocated into maize cell nucleus, where it acts as a transcriptional activator, and the transactivation activity is crucial for its virulence function. Sts2 interacts with ZmNECAP1, a yet undescribed plant transcriptional activator, and it activates the expression of several leaf developmental regulators to potentiate tumor formation. Contrary, a suppressive Sts2-SRDX inhibits the tumor formation by SG200 in a dominant negative way, underpinning the central role of Sts2 for tumorigenesis. Our results not only disclosed the virulence mechanism of a tumorigenic effector, but also revealed the essential role of leaf developmental regulators in pathogen-induced tumor formation.
2023-10-12 | PXD040350 | Pride
Project description:Ustilago maydis is a basidiomycete fungus that causes smut disease in maize. Most prominent symptoms of the disease are plant tumors, which can be induced by U. maydis on all aerial parts of the plant. We identified two linked genes, pit1 and pit2, which are specifically expressed during plant colonization. Deletion mutants for either pit1 or pit2 are unable to induce tumor development and elicit plant defense responses. We used the Affymetrix maize genome array to analyze the transcriptional responses of maize to deletion pit1 and pit2 mutants and found plant responses to both mutants being not significantly distinguishable.
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Project description:Ustilago maydis causes common smut in maize, which is characterized by tumor formation in aerial parts of maize. Tumors result from the de novo cell division of highly developed bundle sheath and subsequent cell enlargement. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying tumorigenesis are still largely unknown. Here, we characterize the U. maydis effector Sts2 (Small tumor on seedlings 2), which promotes the division of hyperplasia tumor cells. Upon infection, Sts2 is translocated into the maize cell nucleus, where it acts as a transcriptional activator, and the transactivation activity is crucial for its virulence function. Sts2 interacts with ZmNECAP1, a yet undescribed plant transcriptional activator, and it activates the expression of several leaf developmental regulators to potentiate tumor formation. On the contrary, fusion of a suppressive SRDX-motif to Sts2 causes dominant negative inhibition of tumor formation, underpinning the central role of Sts2 for tumorigenesis. Our results not only disclose the virulence mechanism of a tumorigenic effector, but also reveal the essential role of leaf developmental regulators in pathogen-induced tumor formation.
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Project description:Ustilago maydis is a basidiomycete fungus that causes smut disease in maize. Most prominent symptoms of the disease are plant tumors, which can be induced by U. maydis on all aerial parts of the plant. We identified two linked genes, pit1 and pit2, which are specifically expressed during plant colonization. Deletion mutants for either pit1 or pit2 are unable to induce tumor development and elicit plant defense responses. We used the Affymetrix maize genome array to analyze the transcriptional responses of maize to deletion pit1 and pit2 mutants and found plant responses to both mutants being not significantly distinguishable. U. maydis infected parts of maize seedling leaves were dissected 4 days after inoculation with strain SG200Dpit1 and SG200Dpit2, respectively. We previously submitted data of maize leaves that were treated with the progenitor wild type strain SG200 as well as mock-infections under identical experimetal conditions (GEO: GSE10023, 4d mock and 4d SG200 Samples, equivalent record in Arrayexpress: E-GEOD-10023). These data served as controls for this experiment.
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Project description:Wild yeast and many clinical strains form complex, biofilm colonies, providing protection from desiccation, drugs and other stresses. Few transcriptomic studies have focused on sub-surface invasive “roots” due to the challenges of cell isolation from agar and subpopulation cross-contamination. Here we present, a first transcriptomic analysis via RNA sequencing of root and aerial cells, separated by a novel method. We identified 719 coding genes with upregulated root expression, mainly involved in ribosome structure/biogenesis, biosynthesis and translation and 529 loci/genes with upregulated aerial expression, mainly involved in meiosis/sporulation, stress defense and protein degradation; all indicating that aerial cells are resting and root cells are metabolically active cells. On the basis of 172 root-upregulated and 233 aerial-upregulated non-coding loci detected, anti-regulated gene/lncRNA pairs have been identified that may contribute to negative regulation of gene expression. Importantly, cells showing typical markers of “roots” correspond with cells embedded in extracellular matrix and cells showing typical markers of “aerial” parts with ECM-free cells.
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