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Exposure to extracellular vesicles from Anisakis simplex induce changes in protein composition of human intestinal epithelial cell line (CACO-2) - parasite-host interaction overview

ABSTRACT: Anisakis simplex is one of the most prevalent parasitic nematodes (Nematoda) of marine organisms and is characterized by a complex life cycle. Humans can be accidental hosts for this parasitic species. Therefore, A. simplex was acknowledged as a biohazardous organism. The finding that nematodes can release extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are able to enter host cells, was the breakthrough discovery in parasite research. Although several approaches have been employed to study the biology of nematodes and their interactions with the host, the secretion of EVs by parasitic nematodes, as signal molecules, has been poorly studied. This led us to identify differentially regulated proteins (DRPs) between the proteome of a human intestinal epithelial cell line (CACO 2) exposed to EVs of A. simplex and the proteome of CACO 2 directly exposed to L3 larvae of A. simplex. In addition, we identified proteins present in EVs of A. simplex larvae and linked them to host proteins that they might regulate. To achieve this goal the shotgun proteomics method based on isobaric mass labeling (TMT) with a combination of nano high-performance liquid chromatography (nLC) coupled to an LTQ Orbitrap Elite mass spectrometer was used.

INSTRUMENT(S): LTQ Orbitrap Elite

ORGANISM(S): Homo Sapiens (ncbitaxon:9606) Anisakis Simplex (ncbitaxon:6269)

SUBMITTER: Robert Stryinski

PROVIDER: MSV000092443 | MassIVE | Fri Jul 14 04:55:00 BST 2023

REPOSITORIES: MassIVE

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Project description:Anisakis simplex are parasitic nematodes that cause anisakiasis. The possibility of infection with this parasite is through consumption of raw or undercooked fish products. A. simplex infections are often misdiagnosed, especially in subclinical cases that do not present with typical symptoms such as urticaria, angioedema and gastrointestinal allergy. The resulting allergic reactions range from rapid-onset and potentially fatal anaphylactic reactions to chronic, debilitating conditions. While there have been numerous published studies on the genomes and proteomes of A. simplex, less attention has been paid to the metabolomes. Metabolomics is concerned with the composition of metabolites in biological systems. Dynamic responses to endogenous and exogenous stimuli are particularly well suited for the study of holistic metabolic responses. In addition, metabolomics can be used to determine metabolic activity at different stages of development or during growth. In this study, we reveal for the first time the metabolomes of infectious stages (L3 and L4) of A. simplex using untargeted metabolomics by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. In the negative ionization mode (ESI-), we identified 172 different compounds, whereas in the positive ionization mode (ESI+), 186 metabolites were found. Statistical analysis showed that 60 metabolites were found in the ESI- mode with different concentration in each group, of which 21 were more enriched in the L3 larvae and 39 in the L4 stage of A. simplex. Comparison of the individual developmental stages in the ESI+ mode also revealed a total of 60 differential metabolites, but 32 metabolites were more enriched in the L3 stage larvae, and 28 metabolites were more concentrated in the L4 stage. The metabolomics study revealed that the developmental stages of A. simplex differed in a number of metabolic pathways, including nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism. In addition, molecules responsible for successful migration within their host, such as pyridoxine and prostaglandins (E1, E2, F1a) were present in the L4 stage. In contrast, metabolic pathways for amino acids, starch and sucrose were mainly activated in the L3 stage. Our results provide new insights into the comparative metabolome profiles of two different developmental stages of A. simplex.

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Exposure to extracellular vesicles from Anisakis simplex induce changes in protein composition of human intestinal epithelial cell line (CACO-2) - parasite-host interaction overview

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