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The epigenetic landscape of oligodendrocyte progenitors changes with time

ABSTRACT: Adult oligodendrocyte progenitors (aOPCs) share with their neonatal counterpart (nOPC) the ability to give rise to myelinating oligodendrocytes, but they also display unique functional features. This study addresses the molecular mechanisms underlying the intrinsic differences between these two populations. Using RNA-sequencing and unbiased histone proteomics analysis, we define the unique transcriptome and histone marks of aOPCs. We used an unbiased histone proteomic approach to ask whether differences in post-translational modifications of nucleosomal histones may underlie the distinct transcriptome of nOPCs and aOPCs. Using Pdgfra-H2BEGFP reporter mice, we sorted for the nuclei of nOPCs and aOPCs, extracted their histones and then conducted a proteomic analysis, which identified several histone modifications of lysine residues in the tails of histones H3 and H4.

INSTRUMENT(S): Orbitrap Eclipse

ORGANISM(S): Mus Musculus (ncbitaxon:10090)

SUBMITTER: Patrizia Casaccia

PROVIDER: MSV000092613 | MassIVE | Mon Aug 07 14:06:00 BST 2023

REPOSITORIES: MassIVE

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Project description:One way by which astrocytes modulate oligodendrocytes’ activity is by delivering neurotransmitters and leukemia inhibitory factor (Lif) in the medium that bind oligodendrocyte receptors. Most of these receptors are involved in intercellular Ca2+-signaling (ICS). However, not much is known about the interactions between myelination (MYE) and ICS genes and how astrocyte nearness modulates the oligodendrocyte genomic myelination fabric. We profiled the transcriptomes of immortalized oligodendrocyte precursor cells (Oli-neu) when cultured alone or co-cultured with cortical astrocytes. The astrocytes were plated in cell culture insert systems that did not allow formation of gap junction channels with oligodendrocytes but permitted exchange of soluble factors via the culture medium. Remarkably, astrocyte proximity induced a larger increase of the overall expression level and interlinkage of MYE genes than the differentiating 10d treatment with 1 mM dibutyryl cAMP that turns Oli-neu cells into myelin-associated glycoprotein-positive oligodendrocyte-like cells. Moreover, more MYE and ICS genes were turned on and fewer turned off by astrocyte proximity than by differentiating treatment. Lif receptor was up-regulated by astrocyte proximity but not by the differentiating treatment. We have identified the responsible transcriptomic networks by which the intercellular ICS gene web controls MYE gene web, with genes encoding the gap junction proteins (connexins, Cx) Cx29, Cx32 and Cx47 playing central roles. The novel Prominent Gene Analysis (that refines iteratively the functional webs to optimize the interconnectivity and expression stability of the associated genes) was used to select and rank the most relevant MYE and ICS genes and build the corresponding gene webs. Determine the modifications of the myelination transcriptome induced in Oli- neu control cells by differentiating treatment and proximity of cortical astrocytes. Four culture dishes of each of control, differentiated and in the astrocyte proximity Oli-neu cells were profiled using Duke mouse 30K and 36k oligonucleotide arrays in the "multiple yellow" hybrization design.

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The epigenetic landscape of oligodendrocyte progenitors changes with time

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