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Comparison of glioblastoma cell culture platforms based on transcriptional similarity with paired tissue

ABSTRACT: In this study, we isolated GBM TSs and extracellular matrices (ECM) from tissues obtained from newly diagnosed IDH1 wild-type GBM patients, and cultured GBM TSs on five different culture platforms: (1) ordinary TS culture liquid media (LM), (2) collagen-based three-dimensional (3D) matrix, (3) patient normal ECM-based 3D matrix, (4) patient tumor ECM-based 3D matrix, and (5) mouse brain. To evaluate each culture platform, we obtained transcriptome data of all cultured GBM TSs using microarrays. The LM platform exhibited the most similar transcriptional program to paired tissues based on the four aspects, including GBM genes, stemness- and invasiveness-related genes, transcription factor activity, and canonical signaling pathways. GBM TSs can be cultured via an easy-to-handle, cost-efficient, and time-saving LM platform while preserving the transcriptional program of the originating tissues without supplementing artificially manipulated or patient-derived ECM or embedding into the mouse brain to imitate the tumor microenvironment of brain. In addition to applications in basic cancer research, GBM TSs cultured in LM may also serve as patient avatars in drug screening and pre-clinical evaluation of targeted therapy, and may function as a standardized and clinically relevant model for precision medicine owing to its scalability and reproducibility.

INSTRUMENT(S): Orbitrap Exploris 480

ORGANISM(S): Homo Sapiens (ncbitaxon:9606)

SUBMITTER: Seok-Gu Kang Pilnam Kim

PROVIDER: MSV000093581 | MassIVE | Wed Dec 06 00:08:00 GMT 2023

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PXD047560

REPOSITORIES: MassIVE

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Project description:Treating recurrent GBM is a clinical challenge due to its highly resistant and aggressive nature. In order to develop new therapeutic targets for recurrent GBM a better understanding of its molecular landscape is necessary. Here we used a cellular model, developed in our lab which generates paired primary and recurrent samples from GBM cell lines and primary patient samples hence allowing us to compare the molecular differences between the two populations. Total RNA seq analysis of parent and recurrent population of two cell lines and one patient sample revealed a significant upregulation of Extracellular matrix interaction in recurrent population. Since matrix stiffness plays a pivotal role in cell-ECM interaction and downstream signaling, we developed a system that mimicked the brain like substrate stiffness by using collagen coated polyacrylamide-based substrate whose stiffness can be modified from normal brain (0.5kPa) to tumorigenic (10kPa). Using these substrates, we were able to capture the morphological and physiological differences between parent and recurrent GBM which were not evident on plastic surfaces (~1 GPa). On 0.5kPa, unlike circular parent cells, recurrent GBM cells showed two morphologies (circular and elongated). The recurrent cells growing on 0.5kPa also showed higher proliferation, invasion, migration and in-vivo tumorigenicity in orthotropic GBM mouse model, compared to parent cells. Furthermore, recurrent cells exhibited elevated velocity irrespective of substrate stiffness, which indicated that recurrent cells may possess inherent differential mechanosignalling ability which was reflected by higher expression of ECM proteins like Collagen IVA, MMP2 and MMP9. Moreover, mice brain injected with recurrent cells grown on 0.5kPa substrate showed higher Young’s modulus values suggesting that recurrent cells conditioned on 0.5kPa make the surrounding ECM stiffer. Importantly, inhibition of EGFR signaling, that is amplified with tissue stiffening in GBM resulted in decreased invasion, migration and proliferation in 0.5kPa recurrent cells, but interestingly survival remained unaffected, highlighting the importance of mimicking the physiological stiffness of the brain mimicking clinical scenario. Total RNA seq analysis of parent and recurrent cells grown on plastic and 0.5kPa substrate identified PLEKHA7 as significantly upregulated gene specifically in 0.5kPa recurrent sample. Higher protein expression of PLEKHA7 in recurrent GBM as compared to primary GBM was validated in patient biopsies. Accordingly, PLEKHA7 knockdown reduced invasion and survival of recurrent GBM cells. Together, these data provides a model system that captures the differential mechanosensing signals of primary and recurrent GBM cells and identifies a novel potential target specific for recurrent GBM.

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Comparison of glioblastoma cell culture platforms based on transcriptional similarity with paired tissue

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