Dynamic Lipidome Alterations Associated with Human Health, Disease, and Aging

ABSTRACT: Lipids comprise a complex mixture of molecules that play central but undercharacterized roles across a wide range of functions such as cell membrane maintenance, energy management, and cell signaling. Here, we describe a comprehensive longitudinal lipidomic profiling approach aiming to provide new physiological insights into aging, diabetes, inflammation, and cytokine regulations. By profiling the plasma lipidome to a depth of more than 800 lipid species across 1,546 samples collected from 109 subjects spanning up to 9 years (3.2 average), we identified a myriad of dysregulated lipid species highly associated with transitions from health to disease. Our data suggest distinct physiological roles of complex lipid subclasses including large and small triacylglycerols (TAG), ester- and ether-linked phosphatidylethanolamines (PE), lysophosphatidylcholines (LPC), and lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE). The dynamic changes in the plasma lipidome under the conditions of respiratory viral infections, insulin resistance (IR), and aging indicate a putative role of these different lipids in regulating immune homeostasis in health as well as in acute and chronic inflammation. Moreover, metabolically unhealthy subjects diagnosed with IR show (1) disturbed immune homeostasis and differences in specific lipid-clinical measure associations, (2) altered dynamics for particular complex lipids including TAGs, LPCs PEs, and PCs in response to acute infections, and (3) elevated levels of complex lipids such as TAGs and CEs and accelerated aging, highlighting the importance of context specific interpretation of lipid profiles. Overall, our study exemplifies the power of deep and quantitative lipidomics profiling in conjunction with other omics measures to provide new insights into lipidome dynamics in health and disease.

ORGANISM(S): Human Homo Sapiens

TISSUE(S): Blood

SUBMITTER: Daniel Hornburg  

PROVIDER: ST002081 | MetabolomicsWorkbench | Thu Oct 13 00:00:00 BST 2022

REPOSITORIES: MetabolomicsWorkbench