Symbiodiniaceae
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJDB11443 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Similar Datasets
Project description:Increasing seawater’s calcium concentration has shown to increase reef building (scleractinian) coral’s calcification rates. In this way the expression of the genes that are associated with the calcification process also altered and, thus can be identified. Needless to say that the overall gene repertoire that participate in the coral calcification process and its molecular mechanisms have not yet been revealed, although sporadic genes that are related to the process have been discovered and investigated. In this study, nubbins of the Red Sea scleractinian coral, Stylophora pistillata were treated with increased calcium concentrations seawater (addition of 100 gm/L) and the genes that have been up-regulated were compared to the genes expression profile of corals with natural seawater calcium concentration. Measurements of AT were taken at mid-day (11:00) and in nighttime (23:00), to record the calcification rates of coral individuals under normal and increased calcium seawater concentrations. In order to reveal the gene involved in the calcification process, S. pistillata fragments of normal and of increased calcium concentrations were sampled for microarray RNA transcriptional profiling at two time-points (mid-day and nighttime).Results of this study have revealed that Smad genes may play a role in the coral skeletal growth apparatus. This study show that the calcification molecular mechanism is conserved Among identified genes are large group of genes that are characterized in the TGF-b/BMP signal transduction pathways which have been revealed in other organisms to participate in bone and cartilage tissue development molecular processes.
2017-06-29 | GSE87159 | GEO
Project description:Responses of two coral species to elevated temperature and pCO2
| PRJDB10497 | ENA
Project description:Species and spatio-environmental effects on coral endosymbiont communities in Southeast Asia
| PRJNA785764 | ENA
Project description:Coral disease is one of the major causes of reef degradation and therefore of concern to management and conservation efforts. Dark Spot Syndrome (DSS) was described in the early 1990’s as brown or purple amorphous areas of tissue on a coral and has since become one of the most prevalent diseases reported on Caribbean reefs. It has been identified in a number of coral species, but there is debate as to whether it is in fact the same disease in different corals. Further, it is questioned whether these macroscopic signs are in fact diagnostic of an infectious disease, since they can also be caused by physical injury in some species. The most commonly affected species in the Caribbean is the massive starlet coral Siderastrea siderea. We sampled this species in two geographic locations, Dry Tortugas National Park and Virgin Islands National Park. Tissue biopsies were collected from both healthy colonies with normal pigmentation and those with dark spot lesions. Microbial-community DNA was extracted from coral samples (mucus, tissue, and skeleton), amplified using bacterial-specific primers, and applied to PhyloChip™ G3 microarrays to examine the bacterial diversity associated with this coral. Samples were also screened for the presence of a fungal ribotype that has recently been implicated as a causative agent of DSS in another coral species, however the amplicon pools were overwhelmed by coral 18S rRNA genes from S. siderea. Unlike a similar study on a white-plague-like disease, S. siderea samples did not cluster consistently based on health state (i.e., normal versus dark spot). Various bacteria, including Cyanobacteria and Vibrios, were observed to have increased relative abundance in the discolored tissue, but the patterns were not consistent across all DSS samples. Overall, our findings do not support the hypothesis that DSS in S. siderea is linked to a bacterial pathogen or pathogens. This dataset provides the most comprehensive overview to date of the bacterial community associated with the healthy scleractinian coral S. siderea. 17 samples, coral tissue punches from healthy and also from dark-spot-affected Siderastrea Siderea coral in the Virgin Islands and the Dry Tortugas National Parks was collected for comparison of associated bacterial communities
2014-09-30 | E-GEOD-60622 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Heat-evolved Symbiodiniaceae can improve the physiological performances of their coral host under heat stress, but their gene expression responses to heat remained unknown. We explore here the transcriptomic basis of differential thermal stress responses between in hospite wild-type and heat-evolved Cladocopium proliferum strains and their coral host Platygyra daedealea.
2024-03-01 | GSE256269 | GEO
Project description:Coral reefs are based on the symbiotic relationship between corals and photosynthetic dinoflagellates of the genus Symbiodinium. We followed gene expression of coral larvae of Acropora palmata and Montastraea faveolata after exposure to Symbiodinium strains that differed in their ability to establish symbioses. We show that the coral host transcriptome remains almost unchanged during infection by competent symbionts, but is massively altered by symbionts that fail to establish symbioses. Our data suggest that successful coral-algal symbioses depend mainly on the symbionts' ability to enter the host in a stealth manner rather than a more active response from the coral host.
2009-04-01 | GSE14923 | GEO
Project description:Coral disease is one of the major causes of reef degradation and therefore of concern to management and conservation efforts. Dark Spot Syndrome (DSS) was described in the early 1990’s as brown or purple amorphous areas of tissue on a coral and has since become one of the most prevalent diseases reported on Caribbean reefs. It has been identified in a number of coral species, but there is debate as to whether it is in fact the same disease in different corals. Further, it is questioned whether these macroscopic signs are in fact diagnostic of an infectious disease, since they can also be caused by physical injury in some species. The most commonly affected species in the Caribbean is the massive starlet coral Siderastrea siderea. We sampled this species in two geographic locations, Dry Tortugas National Park and Virgin Islands National Park. Tissue biopsies were collected from both healthy colonies with normal pigmentation and those with dark spot lesions. Microbial-community DNA was extracted from coral samples (mucus, tissue, and skeleton), amplified using bacterial-specific primers, and applied to PhyloChip™ G3 microarrays to examine the bacterial diversity associated with this coral. Samples were also screened for the presence of a fungal ribotype that has recently been implicated as a causative agent of DSS in another coral species, however the amplicon pools were overwhelmed by coral 18S rRNA genes from S. siderea. Unlike a similar study on a white-plague-like disease, S. siderea samples did not cluster consistently based on health state (i.e., normal versus dark spot). Various bacteria, including Cyanobacteria and Vibrios, were observed to have increased relative abundance in the discolored tissue, but the patterns were not consistent across all DSS samples. Overall, our findings do not support the hypothesis that DSS in S. siderea is linked to a bacterial pathogen or pathogens. This dataset provides the most comprehensive overview to date of the bacterial community associated with the healthy scleractinian coral S. siderea.
2014-09-30 | GSE60622 | GEO
Project description:Coral reefs are based on the symbiotic relationship between corals and photosynthetic dinoflagellates of the genus Symbiodinium. We followed gene expression of coral larvae of Acropora palmata and Montastraea faveolata after exposure to Symbiodinium strains that differed in their ability to establish symbioses. We show that the coral host transcriptome remains almost unchanged during infection by competent symbionts, but is massively altered by symbionts that fail to establish symbioses. Our data suggest that successful coral-algal symbioses depend mainly on the symbionts' ability to enter the host in a stealth manner rather than a more active response from the coral host. Acropora palmata Samples: Three biological replicates of pooled larvae from each species and condition (i.e. untreated control, inoculated with competent Symbiodinium strain, inoculated with incompetent Symbiodinium strain) for both time points were hybridized against a pooled reference. Pooled references were constructed by combining equal amounts of aRNA from all control samples from A. palmata. References were labeled with Cy3, samples with Cy5. Montastraea faveolata Samples: Three biological replicates of pooled larvae from each species and condition (i.e. untreated control, inoculated with competent Symbiodinium strain, inoculated with incompetent Symbiodinium strain) for both time points were hybridized against a pooled reference. Pooled references were constructed by combining equal amounts of aRNA from all control samples from M. faveolata. References were labeled with Cy3, samples with Cy5. Symbiodinium sp. CassKB8: competent strain Symbiodinium sp. EL1: incompetent strain Symbiodinium sp. Mf1.05b: competent strain
2010-06-20 | E-GEOD-14923 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Urea can serve as nitrogen source for coral holobionts and plays a cruscial role in coral calcification, although the degradation of urea by coral symbionts is not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the urea utilized pathway and the responses of the Symbiodiniaceae family to urea under high temperature conditions. Genome screening revealed that all Symbiodiniaceae species contain the urease (URE) and DUR2 subunit of urea amidolyase (UAD) system. However, only three speciesCladocopium goreaui, Cladopium c92, and Symbiodinium pilosum possess a complete UAD system, including both DUR1 and DUR2. Phylogentic analyses revealed that the UAD system in Symbiodiniaceae clusters more closely with symbiotic bacteria, indicating that horizontal gene transfer of UAD system has occured in coral symbionts. Physiology analysis showed that the symbiodiniacean species Cladocopium goreaui, which containing both URE and UAD, grew better under urea than ammonium conditions, as indicated by higher maximum specific growth rates. Furthermore, most genes of Symbiodiniaceae involved in urea utilization appeared to be stable under various conditions such as heat stress (HS), low light density, and nitrogen deficiency, wheras in ammonium and nitrate transporters were significantly regulated. These relatively stable molecular regulatory properties support sustained urea absorption by Symbiodiniaceae, as evidenced by an increase in δ15N2-urea absorption and the decreases in δ5N-NO3-, and δ15N-NH4+ from cultural environment to Symbiodiniaceae under HS conditions. Token together, this study reveals two distinct urea utilization systems in coral ecosystem and highlights the importance of the urea cycle in coral symbionts when facing fluctuating nitrogen environment in future warming ocean.
2024-09-27 | PXD056312 | Pride
Project description:The declining health of coral reefs worldwide is likely to intensify in response to continued anthropogenic disturbance from coastal development, pollution, and climate change. In response to these stresses, reef-building corals may exhibit bleaching, which marks the breakdown in symbiosis between coral and zooxanthellae. Mass coral bleaching due to elevated water temperature can devastate coral reefs on a large geographic scale. In order to understand the molecular and cellular basis of bleaching in corals, we have measured gene expression changes associated with thermal stress and bleaching using a cDNA microarray containing 1,310 genes of the Caribbean coral Montastraea faveolata. In a first experiment, we identified differentially expressed genes by comparing experimentally bleached M. faveolata fragments to control non-heat-stressed fragments. We also identified differentially expressed genes during a time course experiment with four time points across nine days. Results suggest that thermal stress and bleaching in M. faveolata affect the following processes: oxidative stress, Ca2+ homeostasis, cytoskeletal organization, cell death, calcification, metabolism, protein synthesis, heat shock protein activity, and transposon activity. These results represent the first large-scale transcriptomic study focused on revealing the cellular foundation of thermal stress-induced coral bleaching. We postulate that oxidative stress in thermal-stressed corals causes a disruption of Ca2+ homeostasis, which in turn leads to cytoskeletal and cell adhesion changes, decreased calcification, and the initiation of cell death via apoptosis and necrosis. Keywords: thermal stress response, time course, coral bleaching Time course with 4 time points and 4 biological replicates per time point. Each biological replicate at each time point was hybridized to a pooled reference control sample containing RNA from all control non-heat-stressed coral fragments.
2008-05-31 | E-GEOD-10632 | biostudies-arrayexpress