Arabidopsis halleri subsp. gemmifera
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REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:A pseudometallophyte Arabidopsis halleri is frequently found to be infected with cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) in its natural habitat. The purpose of this study is to elucidate the effect of CMV infection on its natural hosts. The CMV(Ho) strain isolated from A. halleri was inoculated into clonal A. halleri plants that were obtained from runners of mother plants, and the pathosystem consisting of CMV(Ho) and its natural host A. halleri was established.In low heavy metal environment, the CMV(Ho) infection caused growth retardation in the above-ground part (stems and leaves) of host plants, and thereby conferred strong drought tolerance on host plants. On the other hand, in high heavy metal environment, which simulates a natural habitat for A halleri, the CMV(Ho) infection did not cause any symptoms to host plants and conferred mild drought tolerance. And the result of transcriptome analysis suggests that CMV(Ho) is recognized as a symbiont rather than a pathogen by its host plant. These results indicate a resilient mutualistic interaction between CMV(Ho) and its natural host A. halleri to adapt to an environmental change.
2022-03-05 | GSE197739 | GEO
Project description:Nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) is an RNA regulatory pathway that degrades both natural and faulty messenger RNAs with long 3’ untranslated regions. NMD targets diverse families of RNA viruses, forcing viruses to counteract the NMD pathway for successful amplification in host cells. Using a transcriptome-wide approach in the model plant Nicotiana benthamiana, We report that the Pea enation mosaic virus 2 long-distance movement protein, p26, protects a subset of natural cellular NMD-target transcripts, particularly those containing long, structured, GC-rich 3’ UTRs. Furthermore, RNA-seq revealed that the NMD pathway is highly dysfunctional during PEMV2 infection, with nearly half of NMD-targets increasing in abundance. Widespread changes in host transcriptomes are common during RNA virus infections and these results suggest that virus-mediated NMD-inhibition may be a major contributing factor.
2020-03-01 | GSE137256 | GEO
Project description:Phloem localization of plant viruses is advantageous for acquisition by sap-sucking vectors but hampers host-virus protein interaction studies. In this study, Potato leafroll virus (PLRV)-host protein complexes were isolated from systemically infected potato, a natural host of the virus. Comparing two different co-immunoprecipitation support matrices coupled to mass spectrometry, we identified 44 potato proteins and one viral protein (P1) specifically associated with virus isolated from infected phloem. An additional 142 proteins interact in complex with virus at varying degrees of confidence. Greater than 80% of these proteins were previously found to form high confidence interactions with PLRV isolated from the model host Nicotiana benthamiana. Bioinformatics revealed that these proteins are enriched for functions related to plasmodesmata, organelle membrane transport, translation and mRNA processing. Our results show that model system proteomics experiments are extremely valuable for understanding protein interactions regulating infection in recalcitrant pathogens such as phloem-limited viruses.
2016-12-14 | PXD004814 | Pride
Project description:Seasonal analyses of H3K27me3 and H3K4me3 in a natural population of Arabidopsis halleri
| PRJDB3311 | ENA
Project description:Diel analyses of H3K27me3 and H3K4me3 in a natural population of Arabidopsis halleri
| PRJDB7593 | ENA
Project description:Plant viruses rely on both host plant and vectors for a successful infection. This study investigated the global transcriptomic changes in Arabidopsis thaliana that were simultaneously exposed to both a plant virus (turnip yellows virus, polerovirus genus and Solemoviridae family) and its aphid vector (Myzus persicae). Some of these modifications in gene expression may promote in a timely manner viral transmission and dispersion.
2023-04-01 | GSE218846 | GEO
Project description:We investigated the complete chloroplast (cp) genomes of non-model Arabidopsis halleri ssp. gemmifera and Arabidopsis lyrata ssp. petraea using Illumina paired-end sequencing to understand their genetic organization and structure. Detailed bioinformatics analysis revealed genome sizes of both subspecies ranging between 154.4~154.5 kbp, with a large single-copy region (84,197~84,158?bp), a small single-copy region (17,738~17,813?bp) and pair of inverted repeats (IRa/IRb; 26,264~26,259?bp). Both cp genomes encode 130 genes, including 85 protein-coding genes, eight ribosomal RNA genes and 37 transfer RNA genes. Whole cp genome comparison of A. halleri ssp. gemmifera and A. lyrata ssp. petraea, along with ten other Arabidopsis species, showed an overall high degree of sequence similarity, with divergence among some intergenic spacers. The location and distribution of repeat sequences were determined, and sequence divergences of shared genes were calculated among related species. Comparative phylogenetic analysis of the entire genomic data set and 70 shared genes between both cp genomes confirmed the previous phylogeny and generated phylogenetic trees with the same topologies. The sister species of A. halleri ssp. gemmifera is A. umezawana, whereas the closest relative of A. lyrata spp. petraea is A. arenicola.
| S-EPMC5548756 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Archaeal viruses display unusually high genetic and morphologic diversity. The Sulfolobus islandicus Rod Shaped Virus 2 (SIRV2) is a model to study virus-host interactions in Archaea. It is a lytic virus that exploits a unique egress mechanism based on formation of remarkable pyramidal structures on the host cell envelope. The hyperthermophilic Sulfolobus islandicus LAL14/1 is the natural host for SIRV2. RNA was isolated at 0,1,2,3,5,7 and 9 hours after SIRV2 infection of two S.islandicus cultures and analysed with whole transcriptome sequencing (RNAseq). As a control RNA was isolated at the same time points from two uninfected cultures.
2013-05-25 | E-MTAB-1660 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is an emerging tick-borne bunyavirus that causes severe clinical symptoms and mortality in humans. Haemaphysalis longicornis tick has been identified as the competent vector for SFTSV transmission. Although antiviral RNA interference (RNAi) in insects has been well documented, the degree to which RNAi contributes to antiviral defense in ticks is still largely elusive. In this study, utilizing arthropod-borne RNA viruses, including SFTSV, we find abundant virus-derived small interfering RNAs (vsiRNAs) are induced in H. longicornis after infection through either microinjection or natural blood-feeding. Furthermore, we identify a Dicer2-like homolog, the core protein of antiviral RNAi pathway, in H. longicornis and knocking down this gene exacerbated virus amplification. To counteract this antiviral RNAi of ticks, viruses have evolved suppressors of RNAi (VSRs). Here, we show that reduced viral replication inversely correlated with the accumulation of vsiRNAs in ticks after infection with recombinant sindbis virus (SINV) expressing heterologous VSR proteins. Elucidating the antiviral RNAi pathway of ticks by model arthropod-borne RNA viruses in vivo is critical to understanding the virus-host interaction, providing a feasible intervention strategy to control tick-borne arbovirus transmission.
2024-01-16 | GSE165139 | GEO
Project description:RNA viruses are a major threat to global human health. The life cycles of many highly pathogenic RNA viruses like influenza A virus (IAV) and Lassa virus depends on host mRNA, as viral polymerases cleave 5′m7G-capped host transcripts to prime viral mRNA synthesis (‘cap-snatching’). We hypothesized that start codons within cap-snatched host transcripts could drive the expression of chimeric human-viral coding sequences. Here, we report the existence of this mechanism of gene origination (‘start-snatching’), which creates, depending on the translatability of the viral UTRs, human-virus protein chimeras either as N-terminally extended viral proteins or entirely novel polypeptides by genetic overprinting. We show that both types of chimeric proteins are made in IAV-infected cells, can generate T cell responses and contribute to virulence. Our results indicate that IAV, and likely a multitude of other human-, animal- and plant-viruses, use this host-dependent mechanism to expand their proteome diversity during infection.
2020-05-15 | GSE148245 | GEO