Abies sachalinensis
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REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Molecular basis for adaptive traits underlying local adaptation in Abies sachalinensis
| PRJDB5527 | ENA
Project description:Coping of evergreen conifers of boreal forests with freezing temperatures on bright winter days puts the photosynthetic machinery in great risk of oxidative damage. To survive harsh winter conditions, conifers have evolved a unique but poorly characterised photoprotection mechanism, a sustained form of non-photochemical quenching (sustained NPQ). Here we focused on functional properties and underlying molecular mechanisms related to the development of sustained NPQ in Norway spruce (Picea abies). Data was collected during four consecutive years (2016-19) from trees growing in sun and shade habitats. When day temperatures dropped below -4°C, specific N-terminally triply phosphorylated LHCB1 isoform (3p-LHCII) and phosphorylated PSBS (p-PSBS) were detected in the thylakoid membrane. Development of sustained NPQ coincided with the highest level of 3p-LHCII and p-PSBS, occurring after prolonged combination of bright winter days and temperature close to -10°C. Artificial induction of both the sustained NPQ and recovery from naturally induced sustained NPQ provided information on differential dynamics and light-dependence of 3p-LHCII and p-PSBS accumulation and dephosphorylation as essential prerequisites of sustained NPQ. Data obtained collectively suggest three novel components related to sustained NPQ in spruce. (i) Freezing temperatures induce 3p-LHCII accumulation independently of light, which is suggested to initiate de-stacking of appressed thylakoid membranes due to increased electrostatic repulsion of adjacent membranes. (ii) p-PSBS accumulation is both light- and temperature-dependent and closely linked to the initiation of sustained NPQ, which (iii) in concert with PSII photoinhibition is likely to trigger sustained NPQ in spruce.
2020-07-27 | PXD018941 | Pride
Project description:Cold acclimation in conifers is a complex process, the timing and extent of which reflects local adaptation and varies widely along latitudinal gradients for many temperate and boreal tree species. In spite of their ecological and economic importance, little is known about the global changes in gene expression that accompany autumn cold acclimation in conifers. Using three populations of Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis) spanning the species range, and a Picea cDNA microarray with 21,840 unique elements, we monitored within and among-population gene expression during the fall. Microarray data were validated for selected genes using real-time PCR. Similar numbers of genes were significantly two-fold upregulated (1,257) and downregulated (967) between late summer and early winter. Among those upregulated were dehydrins, pathogenesis-related/antifreeze genes, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism genes, and genes involved in signal transduction and transcriptional regulation. Among-population microarray hybridizations at early and late autumn time points revealed substantial variation in the autumn transcriptome, some of which may reflect local adaptation. Our results demonstrate the complexity of cold acclimation in conifers, highlight similarities and differences to cold tolerance in annual plants, and provide a solid foundation for functional and genetic studies of this important adaptive process in conifers. Keywords: Time course
2008-06-01 | GSE8370 | GEO
Project description:HRO_Tree Breeding_Genome Project
| PRJDB13121 | ENA
Project description:Boreal coniferous species with wide geographic distributions show substantial variation in autumn cold acclimation among populations. To determine how this variation is inherited across generations, we conducted a progeny test and examined the development of cold hardening in open-pollinated second-generation (F2) progeny of Abies sachalinensis. The F1 parents had different genetic backgrounds resulting from reciprocal interpopulational crosses between low-elevation (L) and high-elevation (H) populations: L × L, L × H, H × L, and H × H. Paternity analysis of the F2 progeny using molecular genetic markers showed that 91.3% of the fathers were located in surrounding stands of the F1 planting site (i.e., not in the F1 test population). The remaining fathers were assigned to F1 parents of the L × L cross-type. This indicates that the high-elevation genome in the F1 parents was not inherited by the F2 population via pollen flow. The timing of autumn cold acclimation in the F2 progeny depended on the cross-type of the F1 mother. The progeny of H × H mothers showed less damage in freezing tests than the progeny of other cross-types. Statistical modeling supported a linear effect of genome origin. In the best model, variation in freezing damage was explained by the proportion of maternally inherited high-elevation genome. These results suggest that autumn cold acclimation was partly explained by the additive effect of the responsible maternal genome. Thus, the offspring that inherited a greater proportion of the high-elevation genome developed cold hardiness earlier. Genome-based variation in the regulation of autumn cold acclimation matched the local climatic conditions, which may be a key factor in elevation-dependent adaptation.
| S-EPMC4617160 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Cold acclimation in conifers is a complex process, the timing and extent of which reflects local adaptation and varies widely along latitudinal gradients for many temperate and boreal tree species. In spite of their ecological and economic importance, little is known about the global changes in gene expression that accompany autumn cold acclimation in conifers. Using three populations of Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis) spanning the species range, and a Picea cDNA microarray with 21,840 unique elements, we monitored within and among-population gene expression during the fall. Microarray data were validated for selected genes using real-time PCR. Similar numbers of genes were significantly two-fold upregulated (1,257) and downregulated (967) between late summer and early winter. Among those upregulated were dehydrins, pathogenesis-related/antifreeze genes, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism genes, and genes involved in signal transduction and transcriptional regulation. Among-population microarray hybridizations at early and late autumn time points revealed substantial variation in the autumn transcriptome, some of which may reflect local adaptation. Our results demonstrate the complexity of cold acclimation in conifers, highlight similarities and differences to cold tolerance in annual plants, and provide a solid foundation for functional and genetic studies of this important adaptive process in conifers. Keywords: Time course Foliage for RNA extraction was obtained from four-year-old Sitka spruce seedlings, which were grown from seed collected across the species range in a raised-bed outdoor common garden in Vancouver, BC, Canada (49º N) (Mimura and Aitken, 2007, Heredity). Needle tissues from current year upper lateral shoots, separated from stem and bark tissue, were collected at five time points between late summer and early winter, 2004. Three populations were chosen for sampling: Valdez, Alaska, USA (61º N) (AK), Prince Rupert, British Columbia, Canada (54º N) (BC) and Redwood, California, USA (41º N) (CA) (Figure 1a). Needle samples (~1g) were taken from eight individuals in the BC population on each of the five dates (Aug. 30, Oct. 18, Nov. 24, Dec. 1, and Dec. 13). Eight individuals from the AK and CA populations were also sampled on the second and fourth dates, as well as eight additional individuals from the BC population. Tissues were flash frozen in an N2 vapor tank immediately upon collection, and subsequently stored at -80°C until processing. To decrease the effects of biological variance among individual seedlings within populations, equal amounts of foliar tissue were pooled from four individuals prior to RNA extraction. Two pools were collected at each time point for each population, and total RNA was extracted following a previously published protocol (Kolosova et al., 2004). Slides were scanned and spot intensity quantified using ImaGene software (BioDiscovery, Inc., El Segundo, CA). To correct for background intensity, the lowest 10% of median foreground intensities was subtracted from the median foreground intensities. Data were then normalized by variance stabilizing normalization (VSN) to compensate for nonlinearity of intensity distributions (Huber et al., 2002). To identify significant changes in gene expression, a linear mixed-effects model was fit to the normalized intensities in the Cy3 and Cy5 channels of the 32 microarray slides. The model contained an adjustment for dye bias, an array effect indicating which Cy5/Cy3 pair was on each array, a treatment effect indicating sample population and time point, and a random effect to adjust for repeated measures on the same biological sample (Kerr et al., 2000). P-values were computed for each gene-by-treatment effect and Q-values were calculated to adjust for the false discovery rate (FDR) (Storey & Tibshirani, 2003).
2008-05-31 | E-GEOD-8370 | biostudies-arrayexpress