Project description:The newly identified plasmid-borne colistin resistance gene mcr-1 was found in a Kluyvera ascorbata isolate from hospital sewage in China. mcr-1 was carried by a 57-kb self-transmissible IncI2 plasmid. Unlike in a previous report, mcr-1 was not associated with ISApl1 and was inserted into a gene encoding a putative membrane protein by an unknown mechanism. This study highlights that mcr-1 has spread to multiple bacterial species.
Project description:The whole genome sequence of rare human pathogen Kluyvera ascorbata strain HAK22 is reported. The K. ascorbata HAK22 was isolated from healthy human from Gurugram, Haryana, India. The draft genome has a length of 4.7 Mbp, with 54.36% GC content and 4,411 proteins, 4,470 genes, and 18 antimicrobial resistance genes.
Project description:Kluyvera ascorbata produces a beta-lactamase that results in an atypical susceptibility pattern, including low-level resistance to penicillins, cephalothin, and cefuroxime, but this resistance is reversed by clavulanate. Ten nucleotide sequences of the corresponding gene, bla(KLUA), were obtained and were found to have minor variations (96 to 100%). Otherwise, bla(KLUA) was found to be similar (95 to 100%) to some plasmid-encoded CTX-M-type beta-lactamases. Finally, mobilization of bla(KLUA) on a plasmid was found to be mediated probably by a genetic mobile element like ISEcp1.
Project description:A gene identical to plasmid-borne bla(CTX-M-3) is present in the chromosome of one Kluyvera ascorbata strain. It is associated with a structure including an inverted repeat right and an open reading frame 477-like gene probably involved in the mobilization of bla(CTX-M-3). Two other K. ascorbata strains rendered the previously described bla(KLUA-9) gene.
Project description:The plasmid-borne quinolone resistance gene qnrA1 is prevalent in multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. A chromosomally encoded homologue in Shewanella algae, qnrA3, has been described. We isolated two qnrA3-positive strains, one of Klebsiella pneumoniae (He96) and one of Kluyvera ascorbata (Kas96), from the feces of an immunocompromised outpatient. The qnrA3 allele was identical to that of S. algae except for 5 nucleotides and differed from qnrA1 by 29 nucleotides affecting three amino acids. The analysis of the qnrA3 genetic environment showed that qnrA3 was inserted downstream from an ISCR1 element at a recombination crossover site described for other resistance genes, including qnrA1, and immediately upstream from IS26, a situation not described before. IS26 preceded an incomplete class 1 integron which contained, among other genes, aac(6')-Ib-cr, another transferable quinolone resistance gene, and the beta-lactamase gene bla(OXA-1/30). The 10-kb fragment encompassing qnrA3 was compared to previously described qnrA1-containing plasmids and multidrug-resistant plasmids; it shares identical sequences with pC15a, pHSH2, pQR1, pQKp311H, and pSAL-1 but with rearrangements, deletions, and mutations. Conjugal transfer of qnrA3 was highly efficient (10(-2)) from K. pneumoniae He96 or K. ascorbata Kas96 to Escherichia coli J53 but less so (10(-5)) from either donor to a clinical strain of Enterobacter cloacae. This first description of a plasmid-borne copy and of the in vitro transfer of qnrA3 is taken to illustrate its likely in vivo transfer from S. algae to the Enterobacteriaceae.
