Project description:The bifidogenic effect of the prebiotic inulin and its hydrolysed form (fructoligosaccharide, FOS) is well established since they promote the growth of specific beneficial (probiotic) gut bacteria such as bifidobacteria. Previous studies of the opportunistic nosocomial pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 have shown that inulin and FOS reduce growth, biofilm formation, through decrease of its ability to motility and exotoxin secretion. However, the transcriptional basis for these phenotypic alterations remains unclear. To address this question we conducted RNA-sequence analysis. In most cases changes in the transcript level induced by inulin and FOS were similar. However, a set of transcripts were increased in expression response to inulin, but reduced in the presence of FOS. In the presence of inulin or FOS 260 and 217 transcript levels, respectively, were altered as compared to the control to which no polysaccharide was added. Importantly, changes in transcript levels of 57 and 83 genes were found to be specific for either inulin or FOS, respectively, indicating that both compounds trigger different changes. Gene pathway analysis of different exposure genes (DEG) revealed a specific FOS-mediated reduction in transcript levels of genes that participate in several canonical pathways involved in metabolism and growth, motility, biofilm formation, β-lactam resistance and in the modulation of type III and VI secretion system which were supported by real time quantitative PCR measurements. These results may provide solid information to suggest that FOS selectively modulates the P. aeruginosa PAO1 pathogenecity through distinct signaling pathways.
Project description:The global transcriptome of the wild type Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM strain (NCK56) was measured during exponential growth on 11 prebiotic carbohydrates and glucose to identify the specific gene cluster differentially upregulated in response to each carbohydrate. Oligoarray hybridization experiments were performed to compare the differential transcriptional profiles of the NCK56 at the early-log (OD600nm 0.3-0.5) phase when cultured in semi-synthetic medium (SSM, Barrangou et al., 2003 PNAS. 100:8957-8962, supplemented with a range of 1% (w/v) carbohydrates, at 37 M-BM-0C and harvested by centrifugation and flash freezing. A total of 12 NCK56 cultures were prepared by growing in SSM supplemented with each one of the 12 tested carbohydrates. Each culture was grown in fresh carbohydrate supplemented SSM with a 1% inoculum from an overnight culture for a total of five subcultured passages. Aliquots of cells were collected at OD600nm of 0.3-0.5 (early log-phase) for total RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis. Labeled cDNA samples from NCK56 were coupled with mono-reactive Cy3 and Cy5 dyes (GE Healthcare Bio-Sciences Corp., Piscataway, NJ), for two technical replicates on each carbohydrate (e.g. cy3-GOS and cy5-GOS). Comparative hybridizations were performed on samples representing two different carbohydrate cultures at same growth phases labeled with either cy3 or cy5 using a loop design for 12 hybridizations.
Project description:Individualized glycemic responses and gut microbiome changes to dietary intervention with fructooligosaccharides and galactooligosaccharides
Project description:Molecular targeted therapy has shown potential in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients, and immunotherapy applications are developing rapidly. However, clinical guidance for making individualized therapy decisions for HCC patients remains lacking. To facilitate individualized and reasonable clinical guidance for each HCC patient, we constructed the MDH score.
Project description:The source of most errors in RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) read alignment is in the repetitive structure of the genome and not with the alignment algorithm. Genetic variation away from the reference sequence exacerbates this problem causing reads to be assigned to the wrong location. We developed a method, implemented as the software package Seqnature, to construct the imputed genomes of individuals (individualized genomes) of experimental model organisms including inbred mouse strains and genetically unique outbred animals. Alignment to individualized genomes increases read mapping accuracy and improves transcript abundance estimates. In an application to expression QTL mapping, this approach corrected erroneous linkages and unmasked thousands of hidden associations. Individualized genomes accounting for genetic variation will be useful for human short-read sequencing and other sequencing applications including ChIP-seq.
Project description:The source of most errors in RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) read alignment is in the repetitive structure of the genome and not with the alignment algorithm. Genetic variation away from the reference sequence exacerbates this problem causing reads to be assigned to the wrong location. We developed a method, implemented as the software package Seqnature, to construct the imputed genomes of individuals (individualized genomes) of experimental model organisms including inbred mouse strains and genetically unique outbred animals. Alignment to individualized genomes increases read mapping accuracy and improves transcript abundance estimates. In an application to expression QTL mapping, this approach corrected erroneous linkages and unmasked thousands of hidden associations. Individualized genomes accounting for genetic variation will be useful for human short-read sequencing and other sequencing applications including ChIP-seq. Illumina 100bp single-end liver RNA-seq from 277 male and female Diversity Outbred 26-week old mice raised on standard chow or high fat diet. In addition, Illumina 100bp single-end liver RNA-seq from 128 male 26-week old male mice (20 weeks for NZO strain) from each of the DO founder strains raised on standard chow or high fat diet (8 males per strain by diet group). Each sample was sequenced in 2-4x technical replicates across multiple flowcells. Samples were randomly assigned lanes and multiplexed at 12-24x.
Project description:Individualized outcome prediction classifiers were successfully constructed through expression profiling of ncRNAs in 165 CRC cases.
Project description:Individualized outcome prediction classifiers were successfully constructed through expression profiling of 91 up-regulated and 67 down-regulated miRNAs in 5 autism spectrum disorder (ASD) cases and 5 controls.