Project description:The bovine dry period is a dynamic non-lactating phase where the mammary gland undergoes extensive tissue remodeling. Utilizing RNA Sequencing, this study characterized novel genes and pathways involved in this process and determined the impact of dry period heat stress. Mammary tissues were collected before and during the dry period (-3, 3, 7, 14, and 25 days relative to dry-off) from twelve heat-stressed (HT, n=6) or cooled (CL, n=6) pregnant Holstein cows.
Project description:The dry period in cow are critical to mammary health and the success of the next lactation. The expression of proteins the dry period progresses need to be characterized to provide information on involution and immune functions during the dry period. Total protein and lactoferrin concentrations rose significantly by days 10 and 21 after cessation of lactation. Using the day 21 dry secretions we examined their ability to inhibit bacterial growth. Bacterial growth inhibition was not correlated with lactoferrin for 4 coliforms tested nor for all 7 mastitis pathogens. Label free mass spectroscopy was used to quantify changes in whey proteins from milk/dry secretions collected on days 0, 3,10, and 21 of the dry period. 776 proteins were identified. 109 proteins were upregulated at one or more times in the dry period. The most significate enriched GO functional terms for the up-regulated proteins were immune function and stress related. 68 proteins were down regulated in the dry period. The most significant enriched GO functional terms for the down-regulated proteins were stress and immune function related. 12 proteins were significantly correlated with coliform growth. The dry secretion composition changes we found provide information for understanding the dry period. The sample code for the MS raw files is as follows. The 3 technical replicates are denoted as a letter A, B and C. The number following is the cow identification number for 11 cows used. The final two-digit number after the underscore is the day sampled where _01 = day 1, _03 = day 3, _10 = day 10 and _21 = day 21 of dry period. For example, A1313_01 is technical replicate A for cow 1313 collected on day 1. B1313_03 is technical replicate B for cow 1313 collected on day 3.
Project description:This series represents the analysis of a commercial dry active yeast (purchased locally). The genetics of this sample is unknown. Keywords = commercial Keywords = dry active yeast Keywords: other
Project description:We show that traumatic stress experienced by males in early postnatal life impairs memory in their offspring, blocks long-term potentiation (LTP) and favors long-term depression (LTD). These effects are accompanied by suppression of key molecular pathways involved in neuronal plasticity both at rest and after acute stress.
Project description:We investigated alterations in the mammary proteome and phosphoproteome during lactation as a result of dry period heat stress using an isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based approach. Cows were cooled (CL; n = 12) with fans and water soakers in a free stall setting or were heat stressed through lack of access to cooling devices (HT; n = 12) during the entire dry period (approximately 46 days). All cows were cooled postpartum. Mammary biopsies were harvested from a subset of cows at 14, 42, and 84 days in milk.
Project description:The graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) associated dry eye disease usually leads to refractory pain and visual impairment with limited treatments currently. Here we found exosome derived from mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC-exo) administered as eye drops significantly alleviates GVHD-associated dry eye disease in human and mouse models. To find out the essential elements during exosome treatment, we performed miRNA sequencing of exosomes derived from MSCs and L929 cells, and identified miR-204 in MSC-exo benefited the recovery of dry eye, which targeted IL-6/IL-6R/Stat3 signaling. Blockade of miR-204 abolished the therapeutic effect of MSC-exo while miR-204 overexpression from L929-exo markedly attenuates dry eye. Thus MSC-exo eye drops are efficacious in treating GVHD-associated dry eye and highlight miR-204 as a potential therapeutic agent.
Project description:Deaths related to opioid use have skyrocketed in the United States, leading to a public health epidemic. Research has shown that both biological (genes) and environmental (stress) precursors are linked to opioid use. In particular, stress during adolescence – a critical period of frontal lobe development – influences the likelihood of abusing drugs. However, little is known about the biological mechanisms through which adolescent stress leads to long-term risk of opioid use, or whether genetic background moderates this response. Male and female C57BL/6J were exposed to chronic variable social stress (CVSS) or control conditions throughout adolescence and then tested for prefrontal cortex miRNA gene expression. C57BL/6J mice exposed to CVSS had a downregulation of twelve miRNA in the prefrontal cortex compared to control mice.