Phylogeny and diversification history of the large Neotropical genus Philodendron (Araceae)
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PROVIDER: PRJEB25709 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:The páramo ecosystem has the highest rate of diversification across plant lineages on earth, of which the genus Espeletia (Asteraceae) is a prime example. The current distribution and molecular phylogeny of Espeletia suggest the influence of Andean geography and past climatic fluctuations on the diversification of this genus. However, molecular markers have failed to reveal subtle biogeographical trends in Espeletia diversification, and metabolomic evidence for allopatric segregation in plants has never been reported. Here, we present for the first time a metabolomics approach based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry for revealing subtle biogeographical trends in Espeletia diversification. We demonstrate that Espeletia lineages can be distinguished by means of different metabolic fingerprints correlated to the country of origin on a global scale and to the páramo massif on a regional scale. Distinctive patterns in the accumulation of secondary metabolites according to the main diversification centers of Espeletia are also identified and a comprehensive phytochemical characterization is reported. These findings demonstrate that a variation in the metabolic fingerprints of Espeletia lineages followed the biogeography of this genus, suggesting that our untargeted metabolomics approach can be potentially used as a model to understand the biogeographic history of additional plant groups in the páramo ecosystem.
2018-11-20 | MTBLS445 | MetaboLights
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Project description:Diversification of defense-related compounds is a plant defense mechanism against the diverse array of natural enemies in the course of evolution, and is known to involve various sources of tissue. Here a large-scale survey of gene expression is conducted from three different sources of tissue; needles, phloem with the attached bark, and xylem, with an emphasis on the expression of the secondary metabolites of the core phenylpropanoid pathway and derivative pathways, taken together as phenolic defense-related compounds. Five species of spruce; P. abies, P. glauca, P. jezoensis, P. mariana, and P. omorika, spanning much of their known phylogeny, are chosen for cross-species microarray hybridizations. The objectives are: first) to explore the tissue-related differences in the expression of phenolic genes and their coherent role in tree defense; second) to describe the diversification trends in the expression of phenolic gene families with respect to their position in the pathway; and third) to infer the mode of evolution underlying the expression of the selected genes.
2009-10-10 | GSE18374 | GEO
Project description:The Anopheles genus is a member of the Culicidae family and consists of approximately 460 recognized species. The genus is composed of 7 subgenera with diverse geographical distributions. Despite its huge medical importance, a consensus has not been reached on the phylogenetic relationships among Anopheles subgenera. We assembled a comprehensive dataset comprising the COI, COII and 5.8S rRNA genes and used maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference to estimate the phylogeny and divergence times of six out of the seven Anopheles subgenera. Our analysis reveals a monophyletic group composed of the three exclusively Neotropical subgenera, Stethomyia, Kerteszia and Nyssorhynchus, which began to diversify in the Late Cretaceous, at approximately 90 Ma. The inferred age of the last common ancestor of the Anopheles genus was ca. 110 Ma. The monophyly of all Anopheles subgenera was supported, although we failed to recover a significant level of statistical support for the monophyly of the Anopheles genus. The ages of the last common ancestors of the Neotropical clade and the Anopheles and Cellia subgenera were inferred to be at the Late Cretaceous (ca. 90 Ma). Our analysis failed to statistically support the monophyly of the Anopheles genus because of an unresolved polytomy between Bironella and A. squamifemur.
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Project description:The history of click-speaking Khoe-San, and African populations in general, remains poorly understood. We genotyped ~2.3 million SNPs in 220 southern Africans and found that the Khoe-San diverged from other populations at least 100,000 years ago, but structure within the Khoe-San dated back to about 35,000 years ago. Genetic variation in various sub-Saharan populations did not localize the origin of modern humans to a single geographic region within Africa, instead, it indicated a history of admixture and stratification. We found evidence of adaptation targeting muscle function and immune response, potential adaptive introgression of UV-light protection, and selection predating modern human diversification involving skeletal and neurological development. These new findings illustrate the importance of African genomic diversity in understanding human evolutionary history .220 samples were analysed with the Illumina HumanOmni2.5-Quad BeadChip and are described herein.
2012-09-22 | E-MTAB-1259 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Here we studied Vanessa cardui, the species with the widest diet breadth among butterflies and a potential insect pest, by comparing tissue-specific transcriptomes from caterpillars that were fed six different host plants. We tested whether the similarities of gene-expression response reflect the evolutionary history of adaptation to these plants in the Vanessa and related genera, against the null hypothesis of transcriptional profiles reflecting plant phylogenetic relatedness. Science for Life Laboratory (SciLifeLab, Sweden) conducted the sequencing of RNA samples. The cDNA libraries (Illumina TruSeq RNA) were sequenced using the Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform using 100-bp paired-end sequencing. We obtained more than 9 million read-pairs from seventy one cDNA libraries sequenced and the transcriptome assembly (TA) of these sequences resulted in 213, 237 transcripts (162,189 components) with a contig N50 of 2,193 bp. Thus, we covered approximately 300x the transcriptome of caterpillars of the species V. cardui.
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Samples of 20 different Nicotiana species from the tissues leaf, induced leaf, exudate, roots and calyx.
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