Project description:Morphology, phylogeny, and sexual stage of Fusarium caatingaense and Fusarium pernambucanum, new species of the Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex associated with insects in Brazil
Project description:Fusarium spp. are fungal pathogens of humans and plants. Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium solani are important species isolated from infections such as onychomycosis, fungal keratitis, invasive infections, and disseminated diseases. These pathologies have a very difficult therapeutic management and poor therapeutic responses, especially in patients with disseminated infection. Little information is available regarding the molecular mechanisms responsible for antifungal resistance in these fungi. methods: In this study, we performed a quantitative analysis of the transcriptional profile of F. oxysporum and F. solani, challenged with amphotericin B (AMB) and posaconazole (PSC) using RNA-seq. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to validate the results results: Several genes related to mechanisms of antifungal resistance such as efflux pumps, ergosterol pathway synthesis, and responses to oxidative stress were found. Genes such as ERG11, ERG5, the Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS), thioredoxin, and different dehydrogenase genes may explain the reduced susceptibility of Fusarium spp. against azoles and the possible mechanisms that may play an important role in induced resistance against polyenes. conclusions: Important differences in the levels of transcriptional expression were found between F. oxysporum and F. solani exposed to the two different antifungal treatments. Knowledge on the gene expression profiles and gene regulatory networks in Fusarium spp. during exposure to antifungal compounds, may help to identify possible molecular targets for the development of novel, better, and more specific therapeutic compounds. profile transcriptional of Fusarium spp changed to antifungal treatments in vitro
Project description:Fusarium spp. are fungal pathogens of humans and plants. Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium solani are important species isolated from infections such as onychomycosis, fungal keratitis, invasive infections, and disseminated diseases. These pathologies have a very difficult therapeutic management and poor therapeutic responses, especially in patients with disseminated infection. Little information is available regarding the molecular mechanisms responsible for antifungal resistance in these fungi. methods: In this study, we performed a quantitative analysis of the transcriptional profile of F. oxysporum and F. solani, challenged with amphotericin B (AMB) and posaconazole (PSC) using RNA-seq. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to validate the results results: Several genes related to mechanisms of antifungal resistance such as efflux pumps, ergosterol pathway synthesis, and responses to oxidative stress were found. Genes such as ERG11, ERG5, the Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS), thioredoxin, and different dehydrogenase genes may explain the reduced susceptibility of Fusarium spp. against azoles and the possible mechanisms that may play an important role in induced resistance against polyenes. conclusions: Important differences in the levels of transcriptional expression were found between F. oxysporum and F. solani exposed to the two different antifungal treatments. Knowledge on the gene expression profiles and gene regulatory networks in Fusarium spp. during exposure to antifungal compounds, may help to identify possible molecular targets for the development of novel, better, and more specific therapeutic compounds.
Project description:The Afrikaner population of South Africa are the descendants of European colonists who started to colonize the Cape of Good Hope in the 1600s. In the early days of the colony, mixed unions between European males and non-European females gave rise to admixed children who later became incorporated into either the Afrikaner or the “Coloured" populations of South Africa. Differences in ancestry, social class, culture, sex ratio and geographic structure led to distinct characteristic admixture patterns in the Afrikaner and Coloured populations. The Afrikaner population has a predominant European composition, whereas the Coloured population has more diverse ancestries. Genealogical records previously estimated the contribution of non-Europeans into the Afrikaners to be between 5.5%-7.2%. NB two individuals withdrew consent so this data contains only 75 individuals as compared to the 77 cited in the article.