Viking Age genomes
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJEB27220 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ERR2620020.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| ERR2620030.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| ERR2620040.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| ERR2620021.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| ERR2620031.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Similar Datasets
Project description:Fur is known from contemporary written sources to have been a key commodity in the Viking Age. Nevertheless, the fur trade has been notoriously difficult to study archaeologically as fur rarely survives in the archaeological record. In Denmark, fur finds are rare and fur in clothing has been limited to a few reports and not recorded systematically. We were therefore given access to fur from six Danish high status graves dated to the Viking Age. The fur was analysed by aDNA and palaeoproteomics methods to identify the species of origin in order to explore the Viking Age fur trade. Endogenous aDNA was not recovered, but fur proteins (keratins) were analysed by MALDI-TOF and LC-MS/MS. We show that Viking Age skin clothing were often composites of several species, showing highly developed manufacturing and material knowledge. For example, fur was produced from wild animals while leather was made of domesticates. Several examples of beaver fur were identified, a species which is not native to Denmark, and therefore indicative of trade. We argue that beaver fur was a luxury commodity, limited to the elite and worn as an easily recognisable indicator of social status.
2022-06-07 | PXD030529 | Pride
Project description:Ancient DNA reveals the Arctic origin of Viking Age stockfish from Haithabu, Germany
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Project description:Serial Depletion of Baltic Herring since the Viking Age
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Project description:Population genomics of the Viking world
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Project description:The Viking Health Study – Shetland, together with ORCADES collectively termed VIKING, aims to identify genes influencing risk factors for common diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, glaucoma and stroke. The genetic research cohort study in Shetland was established to identify genetic variants, both common and rare, increasing risk of disease. This isolated population has a number of characteristics, the most important being the very large number of distant relatives, which are favourable for the identification of rare variants influencing disease risk. This study describes PCR-free paired end whole genome sequencing (TruSeq DNA PCR-Free, Illumina) run on a HiSeqX platform at 30X coverage on 500 individuals from VIKING. Unrelated individuals from the largest families were selected first, followed by those from smaller families, until eventually related individuals were selected to best represent the variation in the full cohort.
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Project description:A Female Viking Warrior Confirmed by Genomics
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Project description:The medieval Norsemen or Vikings had an important biological and cultural impact on many parts of Europe through raids, colonization and trade, from about AD 793 to 1066. To help understand the genetic affinities of the ancient Norsemen, and their genetic contribution to the gene pool of other Europeans, we analysed DNA markers in Late Iron Age skeletal remains from Norway. DNA was extracted from 80 individuals, and mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms were detected by next-generation sequencing. The sequences of 45 ancient Norwegians were verified as genuine through the identification of damage patterns characteristic of ancient DNA. The ancient Norwegians were genetically similar to previously analysed ancient Icelanders, and to present-day Shetland and Orkney Islanders, Norwegians, Swedes, Scots, English, German and French. The Viking Age population had higher frequencies of K*, U*, V* and I* haplogroups than their modern counterparts, but a lower proportion of T* and H* haplogroups. Three individuals carried haplotypes that are rare in Norway today (U5b1b1, Hg A* and an uncommon variant of H*). Our combined analyses indicate that Norse women were important agents in the overseas expansion and settlement of the Vikings, and that women from the Orkneys and Western Isles contributed to the colonization of Iceland.
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Project description:Osteoporosis is an age-related metabolic bone disease. Hence, osteoporotic patients might suffer from molecular features of accelerated aging, which is generally reflected by specific age-associated DNA methylation (DNAm) changes. In this study, we analyzed genome wide DNAm profiles of peripheral blood from patients with manifest primary osteoporosis and non-osteoporotic controls. Statistical analysis did not reveal any individual CG dinucleotides (CpG sites) with significant aberrant DNAm in osteoporosis. Subsequently, we analyzed if age-associated DNAm patterns are increased in OP. Using three independent age-predictors we did not find any evidence for accelerated epigenetic age in blood of osteoporotic patients. Taken together, osteoporosis is not reflected by characteristic DNAm patterns of peripheral blood that might be used as biomarker for the disease. The prevalence of osteoporosis is age-associated – but it is not associated with premature epigenetic aging in peripheral blood.
2018-03-13 | GSE99624 | GEO
Project description:The whole genomes of four ancient Irish individuals reveal large scale population migration to have played a key role in the Neolithic and Bronze Age transitions in the British Isles.
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Project description:Knowledge of the range and chronology of historic trade and long-distance transport of natural resources is essential for determining the impacts of past human activities on marine environments. However, the specific biological sources of imported fauna are often difficult to identify, in particular if species have a wide spatial distribution and lack clear osteological or isotopic differentiation between populations. Here, we report that ancient fish-bone remains, despite being porous, brittle, and light, provide an excellent source of endogenous DNA (15-46%) of sufficient quality for whole-genome reconstruction. By comparing ancient sequence data to that of modern specimens, we determine the biological origin of 15 Viking Age (800-1066 CE) and subsequent medieval (1066-1280 CE) Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) specimens from excavation sites in Germany, Norway, and the United Kingdom. Archaeological context indicates that one of these sites was a fishing settlement for the procurement of local catches, whereas the other localities were centers of trade. Fish from the trade sites show a mixed ancestry and are statistically differentiated from local fish populations. Moreover, Viking Age samples from Haithabu, Germany, are traced back to the North East Arctic Atlantic cod population that has supported the Lofoten fisheries of Norway for centuries. Our results resolve a long-standing controversial hypothesis and indicate that the marine resources of the North Atlantic Ocean were used to sustain an international demand for protein as far back as the Viking Age.
| S-EPMC5576834 | biostudies-literature