Project description:In this study we functionally characterized the grapevine VviNAC33 by its transient and stable overexpression in grapevine homologous system and the creation of its chimeric repressor. Through the application of DAP-seq approach we identified putative direct targets of VviNAC33, among which the SGR1 involved in the breakdown of chlorophyll. Stable VviNAC33 overexpressing transgenic plants displayed an obvious degreening effect on leaves and an inhibition of leaf growth. Consistently, transgenic plant expressing a chimeric repressor of the VviNAC33 showed the opposite phenotypic alterations. Our results evidenced that VviNAC33 is a direct player of leaf senescence program and propose a blueprint of the complex transcriptional regulatory network that govern organ phase transition in grapevine. transcription factor VviNAC33 is directly involved in leaf degreening and organ growth.
Project description:Grapevine red blotch is a recently identified viral disease that was first recognized in the Napa Valley of California. Infected plants showed foliar symptoms similar to leafroll, another grapevine viral disease, on vines testing negative for known grapevine leafroll-associated virus. Later, the Grapevine red blotch virus (GRBV) was independently discovered in the US states of California and New York and was demonstrated to be the causal agent of red blotch disease. Due to its wide occurrence in the US, vector transmission and impacts on grape industry, this virus has the potential to cause serious economic losses. Despite numerous attempts, it was not possible to isolate or visualize viral particles from GRBV infected plants. Consequently, this has hampered the development of a serological assay that would facilitate GRBV detection in grapevine. We therefore decided to explore mass spectrometry approaches in order to quantify GRBV in infected plants and to identify potential biomarkers for viral infection. We present for the first time the physical detection on the protein level of the two GRBV genes V1 (coat protein) and V2 in grapevine tissue lysates. The GRBV coat protein load in leaf petioles was determined to be in the range of 100 to 900 million copies per milligram wet weight by using three heavy isotope labeled reference peptides as internal standards. The V1 copy number per unit wet tissue weight in leaves appeared to be about six times lower, and about 200-times lower in terms of protein concentration in the extractable protein mass than in petioles. We found a consistent upregulation of several enzymes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis in leaf and petiole extracts of GRBV-infected plants by label-free shotgun proteomics, indicating the activation of a defense mechanism against GRBV, a plant response already described for grapevine leafroll associated virus infection on the transcriptome level. Last but not least, we identified some other microorganisms belonging to the grapevine leaf microbiota, two bacterial species (Novosphingobium sp. Rr 2-17 and Methylobacterium) and one virus, Grapevine rupestris stem pitting associated virus.
Project description:In this study we demonstrated that the grapevine NAC transcription factor VviNAC33 is directly involved in leaf degreening and organ growth. Through the application of DAP-seq approach we identified several putative targets of VviNAC33, among which the SGR1 involved in the breakdown of chlorophyll. Stable VviNAC33 overexpressing transgenic plants displayed an obvious degreening effect on leaves and an inhibition of leaf growth. Consistently, transgenic plant expressing a chimeric repressor of the VviNAC33 showed the opposite phenotypic alterations. Our results evidenced that VviNAC33 is a direct player of leaf senescence program and propose a blueprint of the complex transcriptional regulatory network that govern organ phase transition in grapevine.
Project description:In this study, we demonstrated that the grapevine NAC transcription factor VviNAC33 is directly involved in leaf degreening and organ growth. Through the application of DAP-seq approach we identified several putative targets of VviNAC33, among which the SGR1 involved in the breakdown of chlorophyll. Stable VviNAC33 overexpressing transgenic plants displayed an obvious degreening effect on leaves and an inhibition of leaf growth. Consistently, transgenic plant expressing a chimeric repressor of the VviNAC33 showed the opposite phenotypic alterations. Our results evidenced that VviNAC33 is a direct player of leaf senescence program and propose a blueprint of the complex transcriptional regulatory network that govern organ phase transition in grapevine.
Project description:Plants regenerated from tissue culture frequently show somaclonal variation. In this study we compared the transcriptomic and epigenetic state of embryogenic callus of grapevine with leaves from mature grapevine plants. In particular, we focussed on the expression of transposable elements and changes in siRNA abundance and genome-wide methylation in these tissues.
Project description:Background: Grapevine is a major food crop that is affected by global climate change. Consistent with field studies, dehydration assays of grapevine leaves can reveal valuable information of the plant’s response at physiological, transcript, and protein levels. There are well-known differences in grapevine rootstocks responses to dehydration. We used time-series transcriptomic approaches combined with network analyses to elucidate and identify important physiological processes and network hubs that respond to dehydration in three different grapevine species differing in their drought tolerance. Results: Transcriptomic analyses of the leaves of Cabernet Sauvignon, Riparia Gloire, and Ramsey were evaluated at different times during a 24-h controlled dehydration. ANOVA revealed that 11,000 transcripts changed significantly with respect to the genotype x treatment interaction term and 6,000 transcripts changed significantly according to the genotype x treatment x time interaction term indicating massive differential changes in gene expression over time. Standard analyses determined substantial effects on the transcript abundance of genes involved in the metabolism and signaling of two known plant stress hormones, ABA and ethylene. ABA and ethylene signaling maps were constructed and revealed specific changes in transcript abundance that were associated with the known drought tolerance of the genotypes including genes such as VviABI5, VviABF2, VviACS2, and VviWRKY22. Weighted-gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) confirmed these results. In particular, WGCNA identified 30 different modules, some of which had highly enriched gene ontology categories for photosynthesis, phenylpropanoid metabolism, ABA and ethylene signaling. The ABA signaling transcription factors, VviABI5 and VviABF2, were highly connected hubs in two modules, one having overrepresentation in gaseous transport and the other in ethylene signaling. VviABI5 was distinctly correlated with an early response and high expression for the drought tolerant Ramsey and with little response from the drought sensitive Riparia Gloire. These ABA signaling transcription factors were highly connected to VviSNRK1 and other gene hubs associated with sugar, ethylene and ABA signaling. The ABA and ethylene signaling hubs were highly connected, supporting the hypothesis that there is substantial cross-talk between the two hormone pathways. This study identifies solid gene candidates for future investigations of drought tolerance in grapevine.